Iyini i-hemoglobin? I-hemoglobin isho ukuthini ekuhlolweni kwegazi?

Ngokuvamile uma ukhuluma nodokotela, iziguli zihlolwa i-hemoglobin. Kuyini lokhu kanye nalokho umzimba okudingayo, hhayi wonke umuntu ocabanga. Eqinisweni, izifo eziningi, ngisho nokukhathala okuyisisekelo nomoya omubi kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokuntuleka kwe-hemoglobin egazini. Ukwenza ukuhlaziya, abaningi abameleli, njengoba izinga layo kubalulekile empilweni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuntuleka kwayo ngesikhathi futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokulungisa okuqukethwe kwayo egazini. Ikakhulukazi kubalulekile izingane nabesifazane abakhulelwe.

Iyini i-hemoglobin?

Kuyinkimbinkimbi yeprotheyini yegazi. Itholakala kumaseli abomvu egazi - amangqamuzana egazi abomvu. I-hemoglobin ine-ion ye-iron ehambisana ne-protein globin. Le mfundo yenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni:

- ubopha umoya-mpilo futhi awutlulise emaphashini kuzo zonke izicubu nezitho;

- Yithwala i-carbon dioxide emaphashini;

- normalizes acid-base balance of blood.

I-oksijeni yinto ebaluleke kunazo zonke okudingekayo ukuba khona kweseli ngalinye. Futhi ngaphandle kosizo lwe-hemoglobin, akakwazi ukufika kubo emaphashini. Ngisho nokunciphisa kancane ezingeni layo kuthinta umsebenzi obalulekile wenyama. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi i-hemoglobin iyini, yini edingekayo ekubunjweni kwayo nokuthi ungayilondoloza kanjani izinga elanele egazini.

Ukwehlukana okuvela kumkhuba

Kungukuba khona kwe-hemoglobin echaza umbala obomvu wegazi. Izinga lalo lixhomeke ebudala nasesithombeni somuntu futhi kulinganiswa ngamagremu ngelitha ngalinye. Ngokwesilinganiso, kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile uma i-hemoglobin egazini iqukethe inani elivela ku-110 kuya kwangu-170 g / l. Kodwa kukhona nokuphambuka:

- Uma umuntu ene-hemoglobin engezansi evamile, i-anemia iqala. Lesi sifo sithinta isimo somzimba wonke futhi ezimweni ezinzima kuyingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe.

- Izinga le- hemoglobin ngaphezu kwesimiso singababili kubantu abaphilile, futhi ngezifo ezithile.

Amafomu we-hemoglobin

Phakathi nokuphila komuntu, le protheyini ihlangabezana nezinguquko ezithile. Futhi noma ngabe uyazi ukuthi i-hemoglobin iyini, ngezindlela zayo ezahlukene kunzima ukuthi umuntu ojwayelekile aqonde. Yiqiniso, ukuphuka okunjalo okuvela kumkhuba akuvamile. Ngaphandle kwe-molecule evamile, ehlobene ne-erythrocytes, igazi lomuntu omdala lingase libe ne-primary hemoglobin, eyakhiwa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa futhi iphelelwa yonyaka. Lokhu kungaba ubufakazi bokuba khona kwezifo ezihlukahlukene. Kukhona futhi i-hemoglobin eglycated. Yini eyaziwa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ngoba uhlobo olunjalo lwakhiwe ngokuqondile nalesi sifo. Le ngqamuzana ye-molemulomu ye-hemoglobin ene-glucose ibonisa ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism futhi ibonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kuyasebenza. Ngakho-ke, bonke abashukela ngesifo sikashukela kufanele banikele njalo igazi ukuze bagcobe i-hemoglobin. Kuyini nokuthi kuyini, udokotela uyachaza. Ngezinye izikhathi i-hemoglobin ayikho i-erythrocytes, kodwa i- plasma yegazi. Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobinemia futhi sibangelwa ukukhathazeka okukhulu esimweni sempilo. Kuyingozi kakhulu, ngoba i-hemoglobin ehulumeni wamahhala iba yinto enobuthi kubantu. Lokhu kungenzeka nge-anemia ye-hemolytic, ubuthi noma ukumpontshelwa kwegazi elingavumelani.

I-hemoglobin eyanda

Lesi simo asibhekwa njengesifo esihlukile futhi asivamile. Ngokuvamile i- hemoglobin egazini ikhula ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, abantu ababhemayo nabantu abahlala ezintabeni. Ukwanda kwesikhashana kungahle kwenzeke kumuntu ekuseni noma kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Kulezi zimo, izinga le-hemoglobin alithinti inhlalakahle. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukwanda kwalo kungabonisa ukuthi kukhona izifo ezibi kakhulu:

- isifo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary;

- ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;

- ukuphelelwa amanzi ngokweqile;

- Izicubu zomdlavuza.

Ezimweni ezimbi, le nkinga iholela ekusakazeni kwegazi nokukhubazeka kwegazi, i-varicose veins kanye nokuphuma kwegazi. Umuntu angakhuphula ukucindezela, aphule isikhumba. Kodwa akudingekile ukuba i- hemoglobin ephansi ngokwanele: lapho isusa izifo eziholela kulokhu, ubuyela emuva evamile. Okuwukuphela kokulandela ukudla, ngaphandle kokudla konke okunamafutha nokunciphisa amaprotheni ezilwane.

Kunokuba i-anemia isongela

Isifo lapho i-hemoglobin ephansi egazini legazi. I-anemia ingabangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwegazi elikhulu, ukungondleki, umdlavuza, amathumbu emathumbu emathunjini noma ukuhlasela kwe-helminthic. Ngalokhu konke lokhu, kungaba ukwephulwa kokufana kwensimbi, noma izinga eliphansi lamaseli abomvu obomvu, futhi, ngokulandelana, i-hemoglobin. Uma kwenzeka lokhu, akuwona wonke amangqamuzana emzimbeni aqala ukuthola umoya-mpilo. Bathola indlala ye-oxygen futhi bafe kancane kancane. Okokuqala, ubuchopho bubhekene nalokhu nokukhulelwa kwengculazi kunciphisa. Ngakho-ke, i-anemia iyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni, njengoba intuthuko yabo iyancipha futhi zijwayele izifo ezahlukene.

Izimpawu zokulahleka kwe-hemoglobin

- ikhanda, ubuthakathaka ngisho nokuphazamiseka;

- ukulala nokunye ukuphazamiseka kokulala;

- Ukuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi;

- ukushaya inhliziyo noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;

- ukwephulwa kwesifiso, kuze kube khona ukubonakala kwe-anorexia;

- fragility futhi ushintshe esakhiweni izipikili;

- isikhumba esomile futhi esilahlekile nezifo ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba;

- ukulahlekelwa izinwele, ukuhlukumeza kwabo nokubukeka kwezingubo;

- izifo ze-membranes ezinamaqabunga, ukubukeka kwezilonda;

- ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yokuzala.

Yini eyenza i-hemoglobin

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi iziguli ezine-anemia zidinga ukudla okungaphezulu okunezinsimbi. Kodwa into esemqoka akulona ubungakanani balo mzimba, kodwa ikhwalithi yokufana kwayo. Isibonelo, kukhona ukudla okunezinsimbi, kodwa akusizi ngalutho ukuphakamisa izinga le-hemoglobin, ngoba lifakwa kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Lezi zilwandle zasendulo, izinhlanzi zamabhakede, ama-blueberry, ama-apula, isipinashi kanye nabanye. Kungcono ukugaya insimbi evela emikhiqizweni yemfuyo: inyama ebomvu, isibindi, izikhupha zamaqanda nezinhlanzi ezinamafutha. Iminye imifino nezithelo nayo ingaba ngumthombo wayo, kodwa badinga kangcono ifomu eliluhlaza noma elincinciwe. Yini eyenza i-hemoglobin ibe ngcono? Okuwusizo kunazo zonke kulezi zinhlobo zezinyosi, uju, ubhontshisi, izithelo ezomisiwe, ukolweni wekolweni, amantongomane kanye nechocolate. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, insimbi equkethwe kule mikhiqizo ayigciniwe, ngakho-ke i-hemoglobin ayitholakali. Ziphazamisa ukufaniswa kwayo kwekhofi kanye netiye, ama-acidi oxalic nemikhiqizo yobisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga eliphansi le-hemoglobin libangelwa ukungabi nalutho lwe-vitamin A noma i-folic acid.

Kungani ngidinga i-hemoglobin?

Odokotela batusa ukuthi ngisho nabantu abanempilo banikele ngegazi njalo ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuqala kwesifo ngesikhathi. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kule ndaba yizinga lika-hemoglobin. Kubonisa ukungabi namavithamini noma amaminerali athile, ukuthuthukiswa kwezidumbu noma ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu. Isifo sokuqala sikashukela singakwazi ukuthola ukuthi inani le-hemoglobin eli-glycated. Ngemva kokuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi, akuwona wonke umuntu oyokwazi ukuqonda incazelo yawo. Odokotela ababoni ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuchazela lokhu iziguli. Kodwa kulula kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi i-hemoglobin iyiphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Uma wazi ukuthi kufanele kube kanjani kumuntu kule minyaka, ungaqonda ukuthi izinga lakhe liphakanyisiwe noma liyancipha. Futhi-ke kuyacaca ukuthi kungani kune-malaise.