"IVolga" (umshini): umlando, imodeli Ukucaciswa

"IVolga" - imoto ukuthi yadalwa ngesikhathi lo Gorky Automobile Plant, ngenxa okuyinto model igama elifanayo Gaz. Umshini wokuqala ngo-1956, lona wamuva wadedelwa ngo-2010 amamodeli we "iVolga" zazisetshenziswa izakhamuzi ezivamile, kumasevisi itekisi, njengoba izimoto olusemthethweni ezikhungweni zomphakathi, abanye benziwa ngokukhethekile ethunywe nezinhlangano ezifana i-KGB.

Ukudala imoto

Eyokuqala "iVolga" - Gaz-21, yakhishwa okokuqala seluqaliwe kuzo 1956. Ngisho nalapho, lalilokhu asetshenziswe ifilimu, futhi namuhla ingatholakala opholile lanamuhla. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abaningi imikhosi omhlaba kanye nemibukiso wanika imiklomelo esasiwafanele okungukuthi izimoto lokhu brand. Ngaleso sikhathi, imoto ingeyamakhosi ekilasini premium, kodwa kwadingeka i izindleko Ngokwesilinganiso, okuyinto wamvumela ukuba ukuthenga ngisho nezakhamuzi ezicebile kakhulu zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba sobala ukuthi yisakhiwo sodumo kakhulu futhi okungavamile ngesikhathi esifanayo imoto iyona "iVolga".

Kanjani ukuqala indaba "iVolga"?

Car "iVolga" (ngisho ingaphakathi onobuhle lokuqala kwaba elula kakhulu futhi ukhululekile) ngemva kwenkathi ende yentuthuko ngaphambi abathengi ezingaba wabonakala ngomzimba uma kuqhathaniswa olusha. Ngaleso sikhathi, umklamo kanye ezibekiweko esasisandulele - "Wokunqoba", ngokugcwele kuhambisana nezidingo besikhathi sakhe. Nokho, ngonyaka ka-50 th sokubhalisa saso date, futhi udaba ingakaxazululwa nge injini - it is kakhulu emuva e izici zabo kusuka amayunithi omhlaba anothile. Ngenxa yalokho, laqala ukusetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa imoto entsha (kwenzeka ngo-1953). Ngemva konyaka, ne-prototype lokuqala iphuma emshinini i-"iVolga". othomathikhi futhi mechanical - ngaye ezimbili zama-ukudluliswa zenzelwe.

emisha technical wesikhathi

Uma ucabangela izici lobuchwepheshe emotweni "iVolga" (ukubuyekeza imoto begxile kakhulu izinguquko zalo jikelele), singabona ukuthi phakathi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ezithakazelisayo lapho SSC. Ngenxa uhlelo Lubrication, uma uchofoza amafutha ethize isinyathelo ithunyelwa imigqa uwoyela. Iqiniso liwukuthi, lapho ezindaweni zasemakhaya, lapho ikakhulukazi eyodwa enkulu off-road, umshayeli ngokuvamile Ngahlukana ezinye izakhi ukumiswa. DSS kusiza ukuvimbela zikhathi ezingemnandi ezinjalo. Nokho, omunye ethile abalulekile ohlelweni kwaba ukuthi sasivela, ashiya insalela lamafutha phezu kwendawo egandaywe ngamatshe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukusetshenziswa DSS wenqaba.

Gaz-23

Ngokomlando, kususe cishe bonke amandla isimo e-USSR baya ncamashi "iVolga". Ezinye ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe akazange bahlangabezane nezidingo zabo. Ngakho-ke, umenzi Ucabangelé wonke amazwana, okuholela ekukhiqizeni "iVolga" imodeli baye babhekana nezinguquko ezinkulu. Ngu 1962, injini 160-hp sifakwe imishini emisha, othathwe "We-seagull." automatic transmission kanye eziqondisa zafakwa ekhethekile model of Gaz-23, okuyinto evamile ohlala ezweni akatholakalanga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ikhasimende lokhu model isibe KGB. Car kuhlaziywe 100 kg ezingaphezu kuka samuntu eziyisisekelo. Isivinini salo phezulu - 160 km / h. Kufika 100 km / h imoto ohlakaziwe ngoba ngokoqobo 16 imizuzwana. Izinguquko ohlelweni ukubopha wayengekho.

Gaz-21: Okokuqala Series

"IVolga" imoto imodeli Gaz-21 ochungechungeni lokuqala yakhishwa eminyakeni emibili edlule. Ngo-1956, umugqa inhlangano wehla owokuqala imodeli ezintathu imoto. Kuze kube sekupheleni lowo nyaka, amakhophi 5 kuphela zavezwa. kusukela ngo-1957 kuphela isiqalile ukukhiqizwa emikhulu.

Isibalo amamodeli we sha "iVolga", ochungechungeni lokuqala izimoto, ngoba yonke le minyaka ukukhululwa safinyelela ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30. Amakhophi. Ukuze namuhla "iVolga ngenkanyezi" ekucushweni sasekuqaleni ufinyelelwe, iningi izimoto ziphila uchungechunge wesibili noma wesithathu. Lokhu kuwachaza kahle baningi futhi imali for a rarity ezinjalo.

Isici ephawuleka kakhulu salolu chungechunge wukuthi iphaneli sensimbi sinephutha engavamile kancane - ke ngeke uthole wafutha noma iyiphi impahla. Kuleli zinga, ke yayikhuphuka kuya ku-1958. Abanye onobuhle yayingenamhlabathi okuyisidina ngombala, kodwa imishini abiza kancane ezibizayo.

Gaz-21: Okwesibili Series

Izimoto ukuthi engunyaza kusukela ngo-1958 kuya ku-1959, edume okubhekiselwe kubo ngelithi "zesikhashana" futhi bazalelwa 1959-1962. - the "uchungechunge lwesibili". Model "iVolga" isizukulwane esilandelayo kwadingeka izinguquko ngaphezulu yangaphandle kuka yasekhaya. Wings ngiye ngazuza umumo ezahlukene ngenxa ubukhulu elandayo nemengamo isondo. Empeleni, uma ubheka eduze, uzophawula ukuthi ukuklanywa Gaz-21 liye wafana ngonyaka 55-prototype. Asinakusho ukuthi sesimanje imoto samiswa ngokuphelele, kodwa ushintsho lwaluthatha isikhathi ezincane hhayi sina - ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe akukashintshi, ukubonakala kuleli gumbi engangikulo umgibeli azishintshile.

Reflectors, ithuluzi panel olusha nezinye izinto ezisunguliwe eziphathelene uvele kuphela maqondana 1959. Uma nje ukubala zonke amamodeli sebededeliwe (futhi imishini), ungakwazi sisho yahamba emgqeni inhlangano, ezingaphezu kuka-140 eziyinkulungwane. Amakhophi.

Gaz-21: Okwesithathu Series

Feza isizukulwane sokuqala restyling nomkhiqizi akubhekwa isixazululo enengqondo, kanjalo umshini ubonakele nje phambi kokuba ababukeli ifomu kancane isimo. Izici Zabantu "iVolga" is cishe ayikashintshi - kuphela bumper kwaba noshintsho, umzimba, kwanezelwa izakhi ezinye yokuqedela.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukubukeka semoto uye washintsha abalulekile. Model, kubhekiselwa kuzo 'njengamadoda uchungechunge wesithathu "off the line umhlangano uqala ngemva 1962, futhi zifana kancane kunguqulo yasekuqaleni.

Ukubukeka imishini njalo olwesimanje, kodwa futhi ohlangothini lwezobuchwepheshe umenzi akazange azikhohlwe. Kancane kancane, iyunithi isibe ezinamandla kakhudlwana, banal isigwedlo ukushaqeka wezinciphisi kwathathelwa indawo nge telescopic, futhi inguqulo nge automatic transmission iphelelwe ukukhiqizwa.

Gaz-24: Okokuqala Series

Isici yochungechunge lokuqala imoto "iVolga" Gaz-24 steel bumper, eyayintula izinombolo-chrome, izibani etafuleni umzimba nge reflectors ngemuva esihlalweni usofa, ehlanganisa 3 izingxenye, iminyango, noma kunalokho panel zabo iphethini e ime mpo, iphaneli Insimbi black zifakwa ngumuntu obambele lesikhumba.

Umenzi njalo nabantu abacabanga kanjalo umshini ushintsho oluthile oluncane, ezifana 1975 imoto elahlekile bamba othomathikhi fan kusebenze (ngenxa operation engazinzile). Ngemva kwesikhashana, esibukweni angemuva ifomu ethé ukuhluka kancane, isiqu has a castle kunokwethenjelwa futhi ukhululekile, iribhoni umshini wokubonisa izinga lejubane itsetfwe ezijikelezayo ejwayelekile.

Gaz-24: Okwesibili Series

Car "iVolga" Gaz-24 yabekwa izinguquko ezinkulu ngesikhathi 1976-1978. Ukukhululwa umshini nalezi ukulungiswa kungenziwa ngokuthi ukukhululwa yochungechunge yesibili.

isizukulwane esisha amabhampa wathola "Amazinyo", izibani, efanelekayo ushayela inkungu ezindaweni, ikhanyisa nge reflectors. I gumbi uye washintsha. izakhi zensimbi ukuthi ngandlela-thile usongo impilo abagibeli, zambozwa ngesikhwama esivikelayo plastic ulwelwesi emnyango kwakukhona isithombe landscape. Umenzi ungeze amabhande static, ngakho ngezingcaphuno ukuthi kwakudingekile ukuba asuse yokubeka. Izihlalo unokusha (ngcono) Upholstery e Gaz-24 onobuhle. "IVolga", isizukulwane imoto yesibili, ekhiqizwa iminyaka eminingi - kuze 1985.

Gaz-24: Okwesithathu Series

Okuphuma yochungechunge lwesithathu kwaphawulwa ngcono entsha ababe eziwukweqisa nokungokoqobo. Isizukulwane esisha se imoto - Gaz-24-10 - bavele emakethe maphakathi no-1980.

Lesi sikhathi, umenzi Ucabangelé ukuthi kudingekile ukuba kancane kancane ukwethula izinto ezintsha. Inqubo shintsho oluphelele kwenzeka ngo-1970, lapho-ke lashintsha Izinsimbi, kuze 1987 nonyaka odlule isivele kukhicite sedan olusha, okuyinto kuhlangene imihlobiso eziningana izinguqulo ezandulele umkhiqizo we izimoto "iVolga". Umshini eseke igama (olungekho emthethweni) Gaz-24M.

Uchungechunge wesithathu nje kuphela imodeli ngenhla, kodwa futhi Gaz-2410. Lolu khetho yasetshenziselwa enokudla nezikhungo zomphakathi :. Izibhedlela, izikole, njll Lwakhiwe yena cishe kusukela ngo-1976, ngenkathi waqaphela kwaba kuphela 1982 Eqinisweni, ngemva kwesikhashana kwaba sobala ukuthi lo imodeli kuyoba umsunguli izimoto ezintsha ngaphansi kwegama "iVolga". Le moto ekhiqizwa kuze 1992 futhi ngemva kwalokho sithathelwe indawo efanayo namatheminali inhlangano, kodwa ngaphansi kwegama Gaz-31029. Umehluko emkhatsini wabo kuphela uhlobo unit ukuma umzimba.