Isithwebuli se-Port nokuphepha kwekhompyutha

Wonke umsebenzisi wekhompuyutha uyazi ukuthi kunesimo esithile se-scan scan. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngokwengxenye, lolu lwazi lubangelwa ukuncintisana okunzima phakathi kwabadali bezixazululo zesofthiwe ukuvikela amagciwane. Ngakho-ke, izinguqulo zakuqala ze-Kaspersky Lab's unqulo wesi arab yeseshini nenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke yabonisa imilayezo eyishumi mayelana nokuskena amachweba wekhompuyutha (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu bomsebenzi nezinsiza zenethiwekhi). Esikhathini sewindi le- pop-up , kubikwe ukuthi umzamo wenziwe ukukhipha futhi i-node eyingozi ivinjelwe. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi abasebenzisi, bebona izixwayiso eziningi mayelana "neutralization" ephumelelayo, baphetha ngokuthi uhlelo lokuvikela lusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, manje indlela enjalo yokuheha wena isivele ingasebenzi, futhi imisebenzi eminingi yokuzivikela isebenza ngemuva.

Ngaphambi kokuba sicabange ukuthi isithwebuli se- port, ake sichaze ezinye izici. I-port iyinxenye yekhodi yenethiwekhi yephakheji yedatha (TCP noma UDP) lapho okuhloswe khona kanye nesicelo sokuqalisa kubonakala. Cabanga ukuthi uhlelo ludala isicelo kwisistimu yokusebenza ukuthola inethiwekhi. Uhlelo luqondisa uhlelo lokuqalisa nenombolo yesipoti, eyabelwe yona. Okulandelayo, amaphakethe wedatha athunyelwa. Uma uthola impendulo echwebeni, uhlelo luqondisa idatha ohlelweni olufunayo. Lokhu kunikeza? Isithwebuli sangaphandle se-port senza isheke esibonakalayo senethiwekhi kwinethiwekhi ngokuthumela izicelo. Lokhu "ukuhlola" okuqondile kwesikhombimsebenzisi, uhlobo lokuhlola. Lokhu kusebenza kukuvumela ukuba ubone amachweba avulekile, udwebe imephu yabo. Ngokusobala, uma kukhona isicelo sangaphandle ku-port yangasese, ngeke kube khona impendulo, kodwa uma ususebenza, ungathola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ezilindele ukuthi idatha ifike. Ngemuva kokunquma amachweba nezinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuhlasela ngokwayo kuqala. Yiqiniso, uma izimo zivumela: i-firewall ayilungisiwe ngendlela efanele, amathaya avulekile, njll. Qaphela ukuthi iskena ngokwawo kwikhompyutha iphephile: uma uqinisekile ngqaba yomnyango wendlu, ke vumela ukuba bakhonze ngendlela abafuna ngayo.

Luhlobo luni lokuhlaselwa okungenziwa ngale ndlela? Njengoba uhlelo lokusebenza olwamukelayo luyaziwa, kungenzeka ukudala iphakheji ngendlela yokuthi, ngesikhathi sokucubungula, insizakalo yenethiwekhi ihluleka (izicelo ze-network processing daemon), nemiphumela eyaziwayo. Isibonelo, ungakwazi ukunqabela ngokuphelele ukupakisha kwamaphakethe wedatha angenayo (i-DoS attack) noma ngisho, usebenzisa ukukhubazeka okwamanje, ukuze uthole ukufinyelela kokukhipha imiyalo kude kwikhompyutha eqondisiwe. Ngokuvamile izinsizakalo ezikhethekile zihlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokukhubaza okwesikhashana kunoma yimuphi umthombo wenethiwekhi (isayithi). Lokhu kwenzeka kanjani futhi yini isithwebuli se-port? Kulula kakhulu. Ngemva kokuchazela uhlelo lwe-program, umfudlana omkhulu wokwaziswa okungenangqondo (udoti) uthunyelwa kuseva eliqondisiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ngezinsiza ezinkulu ze-server, kunokubambezeleka okukhulu ekucubunguleni imibuzo ewusizo, okumele kuqala "ibanjwe" kusukela ekusakazweni kwedatha. Nokho, njengomthetho, ukuze ugweme ukulayisha ngokweqile, isevisi ehlaselwe imiswe okwesikhashana ngumlawuli. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi izikhukhula.

Ukwandisa ukuphepha kwikhompyutha yakho ngokufaka isofthiwe yokuphepha ekhethekile - izibhamu. Bafihla amathanga kusuka ezindleleni zokuskena ezijwayelekile, okwenza ikhompyutha, empeleni, ingabonakali. Unganaki ukufakwa kwabo akudingekile. Ngendlela, i-firewall iyingxenye yama-anti-virus amaphakheji we-Inthanethi ye-Inthanethi Yokuphepha.

Ukuhlola amachweba avulekile kulula ngosizo lwezingosi ezikhethekile zamasayithi. Vele uye kuso bese uchofoze inkinobho ethi "Scan Ports" (igama lingase lihluke). Omunye owaziwa yi-Russian 2ip.