Isinqumo ku primogeniture. Unyaka 1714 th

1714 eRussia kwaphawulwa ukuvela i-oda entsha. Peter mina usayine nomthetho omusha "Ngo primogeniture", ngaleyo ndlela ezama ukuqeda nokwehlukaniswa ezingenakubalwa izigodi esihle ukuheha abantu abasha ukuze inkonzo uMbusi impi. Lo mthetho unquma ukuhamba ingcebo umuntu oyedwa kuphela - endala noma indodakazi, noma intando yomnikazi komunye umuntu.

isinyathelo esibalulekile

Ngo-1714, uPetru ebamba le umthetho "Ngo primogeniture" ukusula umngcele phakathi welithi "patrimony" (ngabanikazi bomhlaba, okuyinto has a inkosi amakhosi asendulo, ilungelo ukudayiswa, umnikelo) futhi ifa. Lokhu kuzuzisa kwenkosi owamukela ifa kumele kube ukuphila enkonzweni kaKesari. Iphinde kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise nokuqiniswa umnotho kulendawo.

Ingabe umyalo "wokuba On primogeniture" ngaphansi kwethonya eWest iye ikhishwe?

Ekuqaleni, UMUNTU angase acabange ukuthi uPetro wayekhona ngaphansi kwethonya amazwe aseNtshonalanga, yayinesithakazelo oda yefa eNgilandi, Venice, nase France. Eshukunyiswe izibonelo angaphandle, uPetru ngazimisela nokudluliswa yonke impahla komunye, izibulo.

Isinqumo "Ngo primogeniture" ngokuphongoza uzakwabo European, ke akanayo ilungelo ubunikazi impahla kuphela eyizibulo, wabiza nokuqokwa kwanoma yimuphi owalandela, ngaphandle ukuthena ngasogangeni, izigodi.

Ngakho, ukwakheka waphawula impahla ezihloniphekayo, ngokomthetho kwaba umqondo ohluke ngokuphelele ukudluliswa kwempahla libe yifa lenu. Peter kudale umqondo okukhethekile isidleke ejwayelekile iminyaka eminingi ngokuxhumanisa lezinceku esiphakade futhi umnikazi service sitholwa njengefa.

Isinqumo "Ngo primogeniture": service njengendlela yokuzuza impahla

UMthetho kwaba injongo eyinhloko ekuphileni sebuthweni. Kule bazama ukubaleka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kodwa uhulumeni kanzima labo akazange avele ngesikhathi socingo.

Kulesi isimemezelo babe nebubi ngaphezulu: Manje umnikazi angeke adayise noma mortgage impahla. Empeleni, uPetru wenza ucingo, futhi umehluko phakathi esizindeni izindlu, ukudala ifomu elisha elingokomthetho kobunikazi. Ukuze isimemezelo esikhethekile "Ngo primogeniture" ebuka futhi yayingekho indlela emhlabeni, uPetru mina kuletha intela enkulu (duty) ku ukudayiswa ngabanikazi bomhlaba (ngisho izingane yizicukuthwane).

Esikhathini esizayo, umthetho wenqabile ukuthenga izindlu izingane ezincane, uma kungukuthi kwesokunxele isikhathi esithile e ibutho (okusho ubusosha Corps). Uma umnumzana, isimiso, hhayi ukukhonzwa, bese yokufuna ubunikazi ezweni labo yayingasekho nhlobo indlela yokubaleka. Lesi sichibiyelo ayikwazanga wawela, njengoba ebuthweni lezempi akazange athathe, kodwa uma umuntu kwaqhubeka kwenzeka izibonakaliso ezicacile komqondo noma izinkinga zempilo ezingathí sina.

Ifa kwempahla

Isinqumo uPetru "ku primogeniture" yobudala wabizela oda umhlaba. With kweminyaka owendlalifa kungaba bachithe ngabanikazi bomhlaba, kanye neminyaka engu-18 20 wavunyelwa ukuba ahole nezimpahla ezithathekayo kwabesifazane, isichibiyelo enwetshiwe iminyaka engu-17. Lona yobudala kubhekwe eRussia umshado. Ngokwezinga elithile lokhu nomthetho ovikela amalungelo izingane: indlalifa kwakudingeka ukugcina impahla real kwabafowabo nodadewabo abancane, babanakekele mahhala wabo ngokugcwele ukwamukela ifa.

Ingqikithi esinqumweni uPetru mina

Phakathi kwamadoda asebukhosini kwakukhona ukungeneliseki njengoba idokhumenti kwaba esivuna umuntu engashadile, ngokuvamile ukuphoqa abanye ukuba bahlale ubumpofu. Ukuze impahla wadlulela indodakazi yakhe, umyeni wakhe wayene ukuthatha igama lokugcina testator, uma kungenjalo zonke izinguquko isimo. Endabeni kokufa owamazibulo phambi efeni likayise wadlulela indodana yakhe esilandelayo ubudala, hhayi umzukulu testator.

Ingqikithi yalo umyalo "wokuba On primogeniture" walala yokuthi uma indodakazi umnumzana endala washada ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, wonke izindlu lidlule indodakazi elandelayo (futhi ngokulandelana ubudala). Ngenxa yokuntula kwezingane e indlalifa yonke impahla wadlulela isihlobo abaphezulu eliseduze degree of nokuzwelana. Uma testator ngemva kokufa kwakhe wahlala umfelokazi, wathola ubunikazi sonke isikhathi sokusebenza kwempahla umyeni wakhe, kodwa nge isichibiyelo e 1716, yena wayethola yimuphi omunye izindlu lesine.

I ukunganeliseki abakhulu futhi ukuqedwa kwalesi simemezelo

Isinqumo uPetru ngahlangana ukunganeliseki okukhulu emphakathini, njengoba abathintekayo izithakazelo yezikhulu. Ukuhunyushwa komthetho waphikisa ngokwabo. Izikhulu wangaba imibono umbusi mhla esinqumweni "Ngo primogeniture." Unyaka 1725 waletha ushintsho sokuqala esibalulekile poslablyaya ukufakwa kokuqala. Lesi senzo sokucasuka ukuntuleka nakakhulu ukuqonda, futhi ngenxa yalokho e 1730 ke waqeda Empress Anna Ivanovna. Isizathu yokukhansela kwalesi simemezelo ngo umkhuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukufeza umnotho yefa ingcebo.

Kushicilelwe ngu Peter mina ngo-1714, saba ngumthetho "Ngo primogeniture" kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi zonke izindlela obaba wazama ukwehlukana impahla yakhe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwazo zonke izingane.

Lo mthetho sekutholakale abathintekayo njengefa wonke amadodana nezingane zomufi. Abazukulu umufi wathola isabelo uyise, abafa ngaphambi testator. Kubandakanya libe yifa Amasamanisi nezinye izihlobo, nomfazi woshonile, athole isabelo sakhe komhiaba. In the ukungabikho eziseduze abazalwane oshonile esisizuze ngefa wadlula ubudala. Uma testator wayengasenazo izihlobo noma esimweni ukwenqaba efeni of nezimpahla ezithathekayo, awanakususwa idluliselwe isimo.