ISimemezelo izimpahla ibhizinisi elincane: isampula

Ngo eziningi ezahlukene ezingokomthetho izinhlangano ibhizinisi ezisebenza Russian Federation ziyadingeka ukwenza isimemezelo okuqondene amabhizinisi amancane kanye naphakathi. Iyini injongo yale ncwadi? Ngo isakhiwo, kungaba amelwe?

Yini okufanele ibhekwe njengelungelo ukumemezela?

Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we embuzweni, kunikeza abanikazi bamabhizinisi ngokuhambisana noMthetho № 44-FZ, bamukela 05.04.2013 ngonyaka. Lo mthombo kufakwe idokhumenti, njengengxenye inhlangano kwezomnotho ukubamba iqhaza endalini.

Kubhekwe simemezelo libhekisela imibhalo okufakiwe kuze kube abanekhono izikhungo zombuso, kanye imithombo ezingase uqinisekise yokuthi yomnikazi webhizinisi ilungelo zithole izinzuzo ezithile ngesikhathi endalini okuhambisanayo. Ngaphandle osomabhizinisi, imiculu futhi sinikeze abaphathi NGOs emphakathini ngamakhasimende.

Cabangela izici ezilandelwayo emthonjeni onjalo embuzweni, ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukudalulwa kokuhlomula amafemu okuqondene SME: isakhiwo idokhumenti

Yiluphi ulwazi ungakwazi ziboniswe idokhumenti?

Into esemqoka - ukuze ulungise isimemezelo olufanele ukuthi inkampani kungaphansi NSR esekelwe yokuthi nokwenza kwayo, kanye imininingwane ukusatshalaliswa ukwabelana in the ifa ibhizinisi - esimweni ibhizinisi ibhizinisi, - ukuhlangabezana emiselwe umthetho. Ikakhulukazi, ehlobene nokusatshalaliswa lamasheya in the ifa ibhizinisi, isibalo kwabasebenzi, kanye ngezimali.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uhlu ngemibandela okuyinto uqinisekise yokuthi inkampani - isihloko SME, futhi kubonakala kulo mqulu kungaba ubanzi kakhulu. Sifunda imininingwane kulolu hlu ngokuningiliziwe.

Isabelo inkampani izikhonzi NSR ku isimemezelo sokunquma

nezindlela ezifanele kungenziwa labizwa ku zigaba ezilandelayo:

- ukusatshalaliswa ukwabelana in the ifa lenhlangano;

- ukubaluleka isibalo sabasebenzi;

- Imali engenayo izibalo.

Okunye izimo ingasungulwa ngumthetho, lapho omunye noma kwenye inkampani unelungelo ucacise kule dokhumenti njengoba isimemezelo okuqondene amabhizinisi amancane (44-FL basikisela ukuthi ibhizinisi lizobonisa kule umthombo wokwaziswa esingathembela kuwo), likhuluma SMP ngokomthetho.

Indlela ekulinganisweni emafemini kutsi SME: ukusatshalaliswa ukwabelana in the ifa lenhlangano

Uma amabhizinisi - umuntu zezomthetho, singasho sithi SMP uma:

-summarnaya isabelo nomasipala iziphathimandla, izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe, izikhungo zomphakathi, izinhlangano zezenkolo, kanye nemali yokusiza umphakathi kanye nezinye in the ifa inkampani ingeqi 25%;

- aggregate isabelo izinhlangano ezingokomthetho ukuthi akuzona izihloko SME, in the ifa inkampani futhi ingeqi 25%.

Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwalezi kwezinkambiso oshayiwe enezinto eziningi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama.

Ukunquma Ingxenye ibhizinisi: ezicashile

Okokuqala, ukuzimisela umbandela lokuqala - walabo engenhla, - hhayi bangeniswa amafa akhawunti aphethwe utshalomali kanye mutual funds. Umkhawulo wesibili yena, asisebenzi izinhlangano okuyinto:

- usebenzisa imiphumela umsebenzi bokusungula - isb, izinhlelo ze-computer okusungulile imiklamo , inqobo nje uma amalungelo akhethekile imikhiqizo abafanele eyakhe ngqo abagqugquzeli kulezi zinhlangano;

- esungulwe izinhlangano ezingokomthetho, okuyinto afakiwe uhlu ezithile tahulumende kwezomnotho ukuthi basekelwe ukuqaliswa umsebenzi innovative izinhlangano ezehlukene.

Esimeni sesibili, inhlangano kumelwe okuthobela nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

- kube inkampani yomphakathi ehlanganyelwe isitokwe lapho hhayi ngaphansi kuka-50% izibambiso owned by Russian Federation;

- inhlangano kwezomnotho lapho PAT abafanele babe ngaphezu kuka-50% ngesikhathi edla isakhiwo ukuphathwa kwebhizinisi noma banelungelo lokuqoka kuMqondisi-Jikelele noma ezingaphezu kwesigamu umzimba collegial ka ukuphathwa kwebhizinisi, kanye lebhodi labaqondisi inkampani;

- kuyinto evumelekile ngokomthetho womphakathi owasungulwa ngokuhambisana nezihlinzeko zomthetho sikahulumeni.

Kusobala ukuthi nenqubo kubhekwe yithi angeke zisebenze uma igcwalisa idokhumenti njengoba isimemezelo okuqondene IP ibhizinisi elincane. Akakwazi ngokusemthethweni ukunikeza noma iyiphi ingxenye ifa ibhizinisi labo. Kodwa ngisho isimemezelo okuqondene izikhonzi ibhizinisi elincane ngenxa IP kufanele ibonise omunye nenqubo ekulinganisweni kuncike kwezomnotho NSR. Ake sixoxe ngazo phambili.

Indlela ekulinganisweni emafemini kutsi MSPs: Yisho ukubaluleka

Umbandela esilandelayo lapho le nkampani kule dokhumenti njengoba isimemezelo okuqondene amabhizinisi amancane ngo-44-FZ kwamaphutha ukuthi ngokomthetho kungokwalabo SME - isibalo sabasebenzi. Ngokomthetho, izibalo zabathanda ngonyaka ikhalenda esandulele unyaka lapho ukuhanjiswa idokhumenti umbuzo efanele zikahulumeni, kumele:

- kusuka kuzazi-101 kuya ku-250, uma inkampani eyingxenye yazo amabhizinisi naphakathi;

- kuze kube abasebenzi 100 uma inkampani ibhizinisi elincane;

- kuze kube abantu abangu-15, uma inkampani kuyinto microenterprise.

Indlela ekulinganisweni emafemini kutsi MSPs: ngenzuzo

Omunye umbandela wokuthola ukufakwa NSR ngokuqinile - ngezimali. Ngokuhambisana nomthetho federal, imali embundwini inhlangano wasinikeza ilungelo aphathe ngokwabo ukuze amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi, yilesi:

- I-micro-amabhizinisi - in inani ruble ayizigidi ezingu-120;

- amabhizinisi amancane - ruble ayizigidi ezingu-800;

- amabhizinisi naphakathi - ruble 2 billion.

ISimemezelo izimpahla ibhizinisi elincane noma inkampani, isibonelo, i-IP, kungabuye egcwele, ikhumbula ukuthi kunezinye izici sokunquma isimo lebhizinisi naleyo esungulwe umthetho waseRussia. Ake sifunde bona.

Isabelo inkampani SMP: Okunye izimo

Uma sikhuluma nakwezinye izimo lapho eqinile kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi amabhizinisi aphakathi nendawo noma amancane, kufanele kuqala kuqashelwe ukuthi nalezi zindlela ezingenhla ezibhekwa kuphela ngaphansi kohlaka iminyaka ekhalendeni 2 elandelanayo. Uma bakweminye unyaka owodwa zinenani ngenhla umbundu, kanye nezinye - kancane, inhlangano kufanele ibhekwe SME.

izimo ezikhethekile isichasiso inhlangano kwezomnotho aqiniswa NSR amafemu okudalwe nasemapulazini. Lezi amabhizinisi kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi ama-SME ngaphakathi unyaka lapho sekamisiwe, uma inani le-headcount Ngokwesilinganiso, imali noma ukubaluleka amafa ingeqi imikhawulo asethwe ngumthetho kahulumeni.

Imininingwane ibonisa ukuthi ukumenyezelwa okuqondene izikhonzi ibhizinisi elincane - isibonelo idokhumenti iyawakha ngoMthetho № 44-FZ, kufanele kusekelwe eminye imithombo ezisemthethweni. Ake sixoxe ngazo ngokuningiliziwe ethile.

Imibhalo ku Ukumemezelwa isiqinisekiso umphakathi kwezomnotho

Lesi simemezelo of inhlangano engokomthetho kumele kulekelelwa ngokuyinhloko isitifiketi sokubhaliswa njengoba isihloko SME, futhi uma engekho:

- imibhalo;

- intela ukubuya;

- amafomu sibonakalisa Inani eliyisilinganiso izisebenzi zale nkampani iminyaka 2 ikhalenda esandulele; uma JSC ngokuqinile - kukhishwe kusukela irejista sibonakalisa ulwazi bamasheya; uma inkampani - LLC, uzodinga uhlu namalungu enhlangano, okubonisa ubuzwe bazo.

Imibhalo besekela Ukumemezelwa osomabhizinisi ngabanye

Ukudalulwa kokuhlomula usomabhizinisi ngabanye mayelana okuqondene kwakhe ukuba SME kungabuye eyayihambisana isitifiketi ufakwe kwezihloko irejista SMP, futhi uma engekho:

- ifomu ukuthi ibonisa ukubaluleka isibalo sezisebenzi iminyaka 2 esandulele ikhalenda;

- ifomu isimemezelo 3-PIT;

- ISimemezelo pay izintela.

Ngakho, ukuhlinzekwa ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa Declaration of izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye osomabhizinisi ngamanye has umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama.

ifomu isimemezelo

Kungase ibukeke isimemezelo okuqondene amabhizinisi amancane? Isampula it is kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.

Kuhle kokusho ukuthi ifomu elisemthethweni umthombo kule nomthetho Russian aluvunyiwe. Ibhizinisi angase ukukhiqiza kuyo noma isiphi isakhiwo elula. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ukumenyezelwa okuqondene amabhizinisi amancane, ukuyihlafuna, wasebenzisa elilodwa noma kwenye ngokuqinile ukubonakalisa ulwazi kubhekwa ngenhla: isakhiwo ukusatshalaliswa ukwabelana in the ifa ukubaluleka kwamabhizinisi wombuso, kanye kwesamba semali inhlangano ngaphakathi nenqubo embundwini eyasungulwa umthetho kahulumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuba kudle olufanele idokhumenti kweminye imithombo ukuthi ziqinisekisa ukunemba ulwazi ziyabonakala esimemezelweni.