Isifo Hirschsprung sika: izimpawu ezinganeni, isithombe, izimbangela, uphethwe, ukuphathwa

Omunye pathologies undistributed kuyinto isifo Hirschsprung sika. Izimpawu ezinganeni eshiwo ku ukuqunjelwa njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo kungavuka abadala. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ukubona izingane zihlupheka kuwo. Kuyinto yesifo azalwa naso ukuthi luthathwe. It sitholakale ikakhulu abafana. Kubonakaliswa ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa. Lapho ukwelashwa sekudlulile Uwukungenela kuhlinzwa kuphela ngempumelelo.

zokugula isici

Lesi sifo kuchazwa 1887 ngumuntu wezingane Danish uHarold Hirschsprung, ogama lakhe kamuva lesi sifo futhi okuthiwa. Ekuqaleni, le simo kuthiwa azalwa naso gigantism ikholoni. Pathology has elinye igama. Ibizwa ngokuthi azalwa naso agangliozom ikholoni. Kuyini isifo Hirschsprung ezinganeni?

Izimpawu (isithombe sikhombisa zokugula) kuthiwa wabizela yilo izici ngazinye, ngawo izindonga ikholoni abumane ganglia emsipheni. Okungukuthi ilawula imisipha ayaduduleka ukucubungula ukudla by emathunjini. Ukungabikho ganglion ezinzwa kubangela izicubu imisipha ezingenziwanga esebenza ngayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukudla alinyakazi ngokusebenzisa emathunjini ezinkulu. Lokhu zokugula ibizwa ngokuthi isifo Hirschsprung sika. Izimpawu ezinganeni eshiwo njengoba ukuqunjelwa, ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala.

Izigameko zokushona isifo Hirschsprung sika - 1 ku 5000. Lokho ingenye izinsana ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu kuphela yilesi sifo. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo, njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla, sitholakale abafana.

zokugula Izimbangela

Nakuba lesi sifo achazwa 1887, kwathatha iminyaka eminingi ukuba ukuhlonza izimbangela ukuvela nokuthuthukiswa yalesi sifo.

Odokotela ukunikeza imithombo eminingana ukuthi kumkhathaze ukuthuthukiswa ezifana izifo ezingemnandi njengoba isifo Hirschsprung ezinganeni.

Izimbangela zesifo:

1. Ngenxa yalokho kophenyo kwase kunesiqiniseko ukuthi ukwakheka zokugula kwenzeka ngisho utero. Nerve amaqoqo, okuzokwenza afeze imisebenzi adingekayo ukugaya, akhiwa ku-fetus kusuka 5 kuya 12 Emasontweni onke okukhulelwa. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuthuthukiswa ezinzwa e isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene komntwana ayiphelele. Emathunjini ezinkulu, kungukuthi kwakhiwa. Izimbangela lesi sifo Namanje hhayi hlandla. Kukholakala ukuthi ngaleyo ndlela kubonakala khona ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezikuyi-DNA.
2. Phawula futhi ufuzo e okuvela yalesi sifo. Uma kukhona amacala lesi sifo emkhayeni, bese amathuba ukuthi ingane ozozalwa ogulayo, impela high. Ikakhulukazi uma ingane ekhulayo ungowesilisa, ngoba abafana abahlushwa lesi sifo izikhathi 4-5 izikhathi ezingaphezu amantombazane.
3. Ezindaweni lapho bengekho khona luyanda ngemisebe, inengi labantwana abazalwa nge isifo Hirschsprung sika.
4. Factor ezithinta ukubukeka lesi sifo Down Syndrome.
5. Pathology ingaqala ngenxa endocrine iziyaluyalu e unina.

Ukwahlukaniswa izifo

Kukhona izinhlobo eziningana kule zokugula njengoba isifo Hirschsprung sika (ezinganeni). Izimpawu ukuthi avele ingane, kungase kubonise uhlobo isifo.

Kukhona amafomu alandelayo yesifo Hirschsprung sika:

1. Ihlawulelwa - ukuqunjelwa zenzeka zisencane. Cope nabo esebenzisa enemas nabazihlanzayo ngenxa isikhathi eside.
2. Subkompensirovanaya - enema ayinayo nomphumela lula. Ngenxa yalokho, nokucekelwa kwenzeka isisindo ukunciphisa. Isiguli azizwa ngukujabha nobuhlungu esiswini. Kuleli fomu sifo waphawula ukubukeka dyspnea, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni. Umzimba sibhekana nezinguquko eziphawulekayo.
3. Asthma - emathunjini ayikwazi bahlanza ukuhlanzwa enemas futhi laxatives. Ngemva kwalezi zinyathelo, umuzwa wokuthanda ukusinda esiswini ephansi kanye ukuvuvukala ungayeki. Uma uguqula ekudleni noma ukuvivinya umzimba esindayo ingaqala abukhali isimiso emathunjini. Ngo-nesineke izingane lolu hlobo sifo lishone subtotal futhi nya.
4. Acute - wamathumbu isimiso in izinsana.

izimpawu isifo

Lesi sifo kungaba ukuzibonakalisa ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila. Ngokwesibonelo, uma amathumbu kungukuthi akhishwe e usana phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala zokuphila, kubalulekile ukuba uhlole ingane ukuhlonza izimbangela futhi uphethwe. Mhlawumbe lena yiyona ndlela isifo Hirschsprung sika.

Izimpawu ezinganeni, ngubani kufanele sinake, izobukeka ngalendlela. Ingane enqaba ukudla. Uthi kokuba ukuqunjelwa. Amathumbu kungukuthi ukuchithwa. isisu ukuvuvukala. Kukhona kwesifuba. Lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi isifo ingane Hirschsprung sika. Izimpawu ezinganeni zenzeka, ngokujwayelekile phakathi ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila.

Nokho, isifo kungakwenza ngokwayo wazizwa kamuva kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanele eduze nokuqapha isimo izinsalela impilo. Ngokushesha uthintane odokotela yakho uma ubona izimpawu efana isifo Hirschsprung ezinganeni.

Izimpawu lwesifo kungavuka izinsana ezingaphansi konyaka:

• ukuqunjelwa;
• ephuze ikhula ngesisindo;
• the uqhumise esiswini;
• ukuhlanza;
• uhudo.

The kungenzeka izindawo elivela kuzo isifo kubonakala kamuva ekuphileni.

Ehamba ukucobeka elandelayo zimpawu:

• ukuqunjelwa okungamahlalakhona;
• sezinyawo phandle kuze kudabuke umhlane;
• emathunjini ezikhishwe neze ngokugcwele.

Yini enye ukuba banake?

Uphawu ezinkulu zezifo emathunjini ezinkulu ukuqunjelwa ezingalapheki. Lapho Udla lwebele uphawu kungenzeki. kuphakama izimpawu Buhlungu kuphela ngesikhathi ukudla aphelele busuka ekudleni imvuthu. Lokhu kuwukhulula isicelo i enema. Kodwa umphumela ozuzisayo siyenzeka kuphela kusaqalwa. Bese sebenzisa i enema iyeke ukunikeza umphumela oyifunayo.

Shintsha usayizi kanye ukuma esiswini, elise esiswini ephansi ezibuhlungu - kungcono futhi izinkomba ukuthi bayakufanelekela ukunaka. Lapho ukuchichima is abangenamakhaya ikholoni nasesiswini kuthatha quin ukuma okungajwayelekile.

Ukuhlanza okwenzeka kule isifo, kusiza umzimba ukuqeda sezinyawo, ushevu kuye.

isifo Hirschsprung sika kungatholakala futhi lapho usukhulile. Lezi ziguli bathambekele uhlushwa ebuntwaneni ukuqunjelwa. Badinga imithi ukusiza wamathumbu ukunyakaza. Bayakhononda zobuhlungu ziphikelele esiswini, babhekana ukubuyisa.

zokugula ukuhlola

Kubalulekile ngokushesha ukukhomba isifo.

Ukuxilongwa isifo Hirschsprung ezinganeni kuhlanganisa izindlela ezifana:

1. luhlolo Rectal. Ibonisa ku ingemuva isitsha esingenalutho. Kukhona umsebenzi kakhudlwana sphincter.
2. Sigmoidoscopy. Ukuthola izithiyo ezingxenyeni elukhuni le ingemuva, noma ukungabi khona esincane indle.
3. -X-ray. Kuthola isimila nendlala okuthiwa i ukwandisa loop we-colon.
4. Ergography. ikholoni izihibe anda afinyelela ku 10-15 cm ububanzi. Isebenza yonke komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu.
5. Ukudlula barium yombala ukumiswa. I-ejenti Ngokuphambene sidlula pheshana emathunjini, wasigcina ikholoni. Kusukela lapho-ke kuba isikhathi eside engenzi uphume. Ngezinye izikhathi ziphazamiseke izinsuku 5.
6. Ultrasound endaweni emathunjini.
7. Anorectal manometry. ingcindezi Ayephila emathunjini.
8. Kolonosokopiya. Kuqinisekisiwe noma ukulahlwa idatha ezazibonisa-X-ray.
9. A biopsy odongeni rectal ngoba Swanson. Ezimisele khona ezinzwa ganglia ku colon by okukhipha isinqamu ikholoni udonga.
10. Histochemistry. Imisa Umsebenzi ijwabu enzyme acetylcholinesterase.

ukwelashwa ngoludala

Ungenciki yokwelapha ezinjalo. ukuphathwa isifo Hirschsprung ezinganeni Kwenziwa ezimweni eziningi kuphela ukuhlinzwa. ukwelashwa okulondoloza ngokuvamile ukhonza njengoba kulungiselelwa ahlinzwe.

ukwelashwa Preparatory kuhlanganisa:

1. Ukudla ethize, ekudleni. Kunconywe ukudla imifino, izithelo, imikhiqizo yobisi, ukudla ukuthi akakubangeli igesi kumiswa.
2. Massage, Physiotherapy, yokuzivocavoca. Zishukumisa motility emathunjini.
3. Ukuhlanzwa enema.
4. Ukuphatha i-intravenous ka ukuthaka imithi proteinaceous futhi electrolyte izixazululo.
5. Amavithamini.

ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa

Okungukuthi, kuvumela isiguli emva nokuvuselelwa balahle isifo Hirschsprung sika.

Umnyaka ofanele kakhulu ingane ukuhlinzwa kubhekwa iminyaka 2-3. Lungiselela isiguli ukuhlinzwa ekhaya. Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, udinga ukulandela ukudla, wamathumbu ukunyakaza ngosizo enemas. ukudla okubalulekile ngempela ezinconywe udokotela ukuba khona ukuthi uyakucabangela yobudala kwengane kanye zonke izici zomzimba, kanye komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane yalesi sifo ezingemnandi njengoba isifo Hirschsprung ezinganeni.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ingane kufanele obonwa udokotela eminyakeni lengu-2. Ngalesi sikhathi, udokotela kwenza ukudla ngakunye ingane yakho. Abazali kumelwe unake esitulweni ingane. Kunconywa ukubeka imvuthu enema nsuku zonke, ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa reflex wamathumbu ukunyakaza.

isiphetho

isifo Hirschsprung kuyingozi. It ungaboniswa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kulokhu ingane uhlushwa ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isikhathi eside. Abazali kudingeka ukuqapha ukuhamba kwesitulo kanye ingane ngesikhathi ukwephula kancane ukuya kudokotela.