Isibalo sabantu waseRoma. Incazelo, isici edolobheni

Omunye izikhungo izivakashi edume kakhulu emhlabeni, umuzi wasendulo futhi ehlukile European - eRoma. Umlando waleli dolobha, zalo ezikhangayo, ikakhulukazi labantu Rome - konke lokhu ezilandwa sihloko.

Rome: indawo

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Italy, ise amagquma, kwakheka ethafeni Roman Campagna, eduze koLwandle Tyrrhenian. It ageze phezu eRoma yahlukene nentshonalanga, athele kuyiMediterranean emfuleni ehlukanisa leli dolobha laba izingxenye ezimbili - i-Tiber. Isimo sezulu eRoma ebizwa ngokuthi sezulu zamazwe aphathelene nezindawo iMedithera. City engavamile senhliziyo lokushisa, ngenxa indawo yayo eduze kolwandle futhi uzungezwe izintaba: Sabatini, Sabini, Prenestani, Albani. Summer eRoma kuyisikhuthazo elithambile, kodwa izakhamuzi zedolobhakazi uhlushwa umoya onamandla eningizimu - sirocco. Ebusika, izinga lokususa - a rarity, kodwa umoya enyakatho - tramontana.

Rome: ngomlando walo muzi

ERoma izikhathi yasendulo eyaziwa ngokuthi Lomuzi Waphakade. Lokhu epithet kungenxa yomlando engavamile komuzi. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, kube kwavele izikhathi eziningana ekubhujisweni ezinhle nezimbi, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi wakwazi ukusinda futhi babe sihle.

Izinganekwane eRoma lihlotshaniswa emzini okuthiwa kukaRomulus futhi Remus, amadodana kankulunkulu Mars. Zasungula edolobheni ndawonye, kodwa, njengoba legend has it, kukaRomulus umzalwane ikhishiwe ukusuka amandla waba yinkosi lokuqala lwaseRoma. Usuku isisekelo somuzi iminyaka 753 BC. Ithonya lakhe ukusakaza wokuqala kuyo yonke nhlonhlo, bese kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Ngu-2 AD leminyaka iRoma laba isikhungo sombuso wezwe - okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, waqala ukuba linqobe nsimu enkulu kusuka eBrithani kuya eNyakatho Afrika, kanye nawo wonke eningizimu LwaseMedithera ogwini Black Sea. Ngekhulu lesi-4 iRoma laba isikhungo somhlaba Christian, kodwa ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho phansi. Ngalo lelo khulu leminyaka kukhona umcimbi esabekayo emlandweni labantu eRoma. I izigangi, ababevela enyakatho-mpumalanga, bawuthumba umuzi. Bashisa iningi ezikhumbuzo mlando, zamasiko, akazange nibhekane sabantu Roman, amasiko alo. Kwathatha eziningana wabizelwa eRoma ukuze lulama. Empire labhujiswa - esempumalanga wabizwa ngokuthi waseByzantium. Kodwa ngekhulu le-15, i-Lomuzi Waphakade seliphinde laba isikhungo emhlabeni kwamasiko - maphakathi Yempucuko. Emakhulwini eminyaka 18-19 eRoma yabekwa ekunqotshweni French. Inhloko iSonto LamaKatolika izikhathi eziningana lakhishwa yedolobha, okuyinto ayebhekwa isikhungo sobuKatolika. Kuphela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engu-70 ngekhulu le-19 eRoma walulama ngemva izingxabano engapheli futhi waba inhloko-dolobha yombuso Italy.

Leli zwe eRoma?

Abahlukile Vatican. Leli zwe, esisogwini yeRoma, yisimo kwencani, ezihlukile kwezisemthethweni. ICodex kwamiswa ngaphansi uMussolini ngo-1929 futhi isimo engokwasezulwini lapho amandla ezandleni ezikhungweni zenkolo. Njengazo zonke emhlabeni kodwa akunjalo. Athos Kuphela Greece, okuyinto umphakathi 20 zezindela Orthodox has idivayisi efanayo. Ngisho nasezikhathini zasendulo insimu ka-Vatican samanje ukuthi njengengcwele. Futhi lapha kwekhulu lesi-4, ethuneni iSt Peter, ezakhiwe sokukhulekela of Constantine. Njengoba isifika zezihambeli ezivela emhlabeni wonke.

Rome labantu

Rome - omunye elinabantu abaningi kakhulu emadolobheni e-Europe. Inani labantu base-Rome - 3 million abantu. OkuPhakade City lapho zonke izinkolo eziholela, kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuyinto sezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Ukwakheka yobuhlanga sabantu waseRoma wehlukile kakhulu. Kuyinto ekhaya eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ama-Arabhu, amaMelika. Zonke ezincane kazwelonke bakha, ngokuvamile, mayelana 5% abantu sebebonke komuzi, lonke bazibheke amaNtaliyane. Inkolo eyinhloko esikhathazeka ngayo yamaKatolika. Kukhona abameleli bezinye izinkolo: ubuJuda, ubuBuddha. Izakhamuzi eRoma isiNtaliyane, abantu abaningi basebenzisa ulimi lwesigodi Roman - romanesco.

izinhlamvu zesi-Roman

uphawu komuzi ibikade ifinyeleleka ifulege, elingenamikhono izingalo. Ngakho, elingenamikhono izingalo, okuyinto heraldic isihlangu okububende kanye nombhalo oqoshwe kulo ku- idayagonali mayelana engu- St George sika kwi umqhele isihlangu ne projection emihlanu - uphawu main waseRoma. Inhlanganisela imibala in the elingenamikhono izingalo - abomvu negolide - wathi amandla komuzi. Umqhele, ngokwenqubo, iwuphawu lwamandla nobulungisa.

Abasunguli be-Rome, ngokusho legend, umfana noma intombazane-impisi babezincelisela. Uzungu yabalingisi lethusi, lapho yena-impisi ukusuthisa abafana, kungenye uphawu waseRoma. Esifanekisweni ibizwa ngokuthi "Lupa Capitolina". ukudalwa lesikhumbuzo akwaziwa, kodwa kukhona amaqiniso sikwazi uphola esifanekisweni kuya 5th ekhulwini BC. e. Umsebenzi itholakala Capitol.

Okubonwayo waseRoma: kweColosseum

"Italy eRoma." - lokhu ingenye ethandwa kakhulu izivakashi izindawo. Abathandi umlando, ubungcweti, ukuvubukula okusezingeni eliphezulu abathandi isiko bayokwazisa idolobha kanye zalo ezikhangayo. izindawo eziningi akuzona izikhumbuzo lasendulo kuphela, kodwa futhi kufanele azibonele ukuzilibazisa esikweni lamaRoma asendulo. Ngakho, imisele yamanzi nezindawo eziyisikhumbuzo ukhuluma ngamanzi nokuvikeleka sabantu, kanye nemibandela (ngamanye amagama, izindawo zokugezela) ukuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lokuphila edolobheni lasendulo.

Amphitheatres waseRoma usitshele ukuthi babe ukuzijabulisa zamaRoma: lwalumumethe Gladiator izimpi, izilwane ukopha, imijaho yezinqola zamahhashi kanye nezinye izenzakalo ezinjalo. Yehlela kweColosseum samanje yemidlalo kwesikhathi bokuqala ngobukhulu. Likhono isakhiwo ezine-tiered - abantu abayizinkulungwane 50. Kube mayelana wonke phezulu eRoma. Thola isethulo e eColiseum kungaba ngamathikithi kuphela. Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo yezakhiwo esisogwini esizeni "segolide" endlini LukaNero, ngentende omkhulu phakathi lasePalatine, Esquiline futhi Tselievskim amagquma.

Capitol egqumeni

Wafakaza zonke izenzakalo zomlando e iRoma lalingumbuso Capitol Hill - Capitol. It kwaku amathempeli lonkulunkulu basendulo. Le sayithi zemvelo iyokwakhiwa izikhumbuzo ezibalulekile kwamasiko. Izinto zesimanje isithombe Capitol - project Michelangelo. Square, izigodlo kanye mbumbulu ezifanayo, isitebhisi eyinkimbinkimbi - konke umqondo master oluvelele. Izakhiwo endala ezilondoloziwe insula, ogama yobudala eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane 2. Umlando ukuthi kwakungadingekile isakhiwo multi-storey yokuphakama efanayo egqumeni uqobo. Capitol amumethe izikhumbuzo, exhumene zinganekwane eziningi naye. Le ndawo - omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu ihehe izivakashi.

Rome kanye nezokuvakasha

Uyithola kanjani eRoma, ukuba izigidi zazi ngalo eziningi zabantu minyaka yonke vakashela Lomuzi Waphakade. City Europe exhunywe kwi emikhulu. Abantu abaningi bakhetha zishayeka umuzi kanye izindiza. ERoma, kukhona zezindiza ezimbili zakwamanye amazwe ezinkulu: Ciampino futhi uLeonardo da Vinci di Fiumicino. Isimo sezulu eRoma ivumela yizivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba ukuvakashela idolobha unyaka wonke. Ikakhulukazi bazisa futhi inikeze ithuba lokujabulela isimo ukuhamba edolobheni, unqamula enkabeni laseRoma lasendulo. Musa silahle evakashele edumile emhlabeni wonke Vatican iminyuziyamu, Capitoline Museum, i-National Roman Museum, Galleria Borghese nezinye izikhungo eziningi kwamasiko. Imigwaqo emaphakathi komuzi iqala enkabeni yedolobha - Piazza Venezia. Le ndawo emaphakathi eduze Capitol. Etholakala eduze Roman Forum - maphakathi izakhiwo wasendulo wamaRoma, endaweni zomlando yamasiko aleli dolobha. Lapha yalondolozwa amathempeli amaningi asendulo nemicikilisho izakhiwo.