Iseva Update Services lwe-Windows (WSUS): kulungiselelwa. WSUS Update kokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi

Ukuze iseva izinguqulo Windows Update kungenzeka kanye / noma isofthiwe efakwe kwi ezikhumulweni abasemaqenjini isikhathi samuva nje eyenziwa usebenzisa ithuluzi ekhethekile, wethiwa igama elithi esifushanisiwe ngesimo izifinyezo WSUS. Kuyini lokhu? Eqinisweni, le software ukukhishwa esiyingqayizivele, kungabi nesidingo computer ngamunye ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yasendaweni, ezimele isiteshi Inthanethi ukufaka izibuyekezo. Ukuze ufunde ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini udinga ukusetha izintandokazi, njll okuzoxoxwa ngayo.

Windows Server Update Services: kuyini futhi kungani siyidinga?

Uma sikhuluma le sevisi ngamazwi alula singathi, ke lingachazwa ngokuthi isofthiwe ukuvuselela ngokuzenzakalelayo yesistimu yokusebenza kanye isofthiwe efakwe kuphela iseva ukuthi uxhuma nezinye terminals umsebenzisi, zenziwe kunethiwekhi eyodwa yendawo noma ebonakalayo.

Kusukela buyekeza, Microsoft releases imikhiqizo yayo uyasigcina isikhathi, badinga ukufaka zonke imishini kunethiwekhi ukuthi kuyinkinga, uma angaphezu kweshumi nambili. Ukuze ayenzi izinto ezifana ukuthi ngamunye esibulalayo ngamunye, ungasebenzisa WSUS kokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi Update sici lapho isibuyekezo ezinkulu ifakiwe kuphela iseva, bese "basakaza" ukuze wonke amanye amakhompyutha.

Izinzuzo lokhu indlela zisobala, ngoba ukusetshenziswa encishisiwe traffic Inthanethi (ukulanda inethiwekhi awalayishwanga), bese ugcine isikhathi ukufakwa izibuyekezo, lelo okuthi lapho kulungiselwe ngendlela efanele, i-software kwi-server central kuzokwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.

ukufakwa Izidingo

Ukulungisa WSUS, futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle ukuhambisana lezimo eziningana kokuqala. Lapha kufanele siyinake yezingxenye ayisisekelo adinga ekuqaleni thwebula bese ukufaka iseva, uma bengekho.

Izingxenye ezilandelayo kungathiwa njengezibalulekile:

• OS ukuguqulwa-Windows Server 2003 akuyona esingaphansi (noma okungenani isevisi iphakethe lokuqala);
• Le nguqulo .NET Framework 2.0 noma kamuva;
• indima yokuba IIS 6.0 noma ngenhla iseva;
• Bika Viewer kusuka ku-Microsoft ukuguqulwa ngo-2008;
• SQL Server 2005 version of the yesibili isithebe samaqhuzu ayizinamba;
• Management Console kusukela Microsoft ukuguqulwa 3.0.

Inqubo yokufaka

Empeleni, WSUS kulungiselelwa kusebenza komsebenzi disk khulula isikhala iseva ngesilinganiso mayelana 100 GB (indawo ifolda buyekeza isitoreji kukhonjisiwe isinyathelo sokuqala emva isifaki main).

Ngokulandelayo, database indawo lwemibhalo ehlukile (ukugqamisa ezingcono mayelana 2-4 GB).

Amapharamitha semininingwane Web Server Idatha

Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo isifaki ngokwayo okuzenzakalelayo yenza ukuba ufake database yangaphakathi, kodwa ukuba lula inqubo ungasebenzisa i server database ekhona.

Kulokhu, uzodinga ukuba babhalise yabo igama lenethiwekhi oluhambisana ID in the esigungwini inethiwekhi. Okokuqala okubili ongakhetha ingasetshenziswa noma ukuthola izibuyekezo ezivela iseva Microsoft, noma kuqhamuka langaphakathi. Nokho, kukhona eyesithathu inketho - kokufaka semininingwane lingasetshenziswa esigungwini akude. Kodwa isikimu esinjalo ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni lapho kudingeka ukusabalalisa izibuyekezo Amahhovisi kude buyekeza iseva ezengeziwe.

imbobo Ukukhethwa

In the isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka WSUS isethaphu iyokhumbula port asebenze. Ukuze lokhu kufanele kuthathwe ngokucophelela, ngoba input yamanani ayilungile kungaholela yokuthi wonke scheme ngeke zisebenze.

Qaphela ukuthi ngokwakhona inikezwa ukusebenzisa port 80. Ungakwazi Yiqiniso, ukuhamba kanye naye, kodwa okungcono (futhi lokhu kuqinisekiswa umkhuba) sebenzisa port olunezinombolo 8530 (8531). Kodwa le ndlela kusebenza kuphela esimweni lapho proxy ukucushwa ngesandla kuyadingeka.

Ukukhetha isibuyekezo

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufakwa WSUS - Setha nemingcele ukuthola izibuyekezo ukusuka kuseva engaphezulu komfula. Ngamanye amazwi, udinga ukucacisa kahle lapho izibuyekezo ezizolandwa.

noma ukuvumelanisa nge-Microsoft Update iseva noma enye esibulalayo akude: Kukhona izinketho ezimbili kukhona. Kungcono ukusebenzisa inketho kuqala.

Ilungiselela WSUS kusizinda

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-operation efanele inkonzo ifakiwe, kumelwe ukhethe izilimi ezisetshenziswa e inethiwekhi.

Ungakwazi ukufaka noma iyiphi uhlu, kodwa isiNgisi ingakhetfwa nsuku saziso, kusukela ngaphandle kwalo ukulayisha lesifanele nokusatshalaliswa izibuyekezo akukwazi ukuqinisekiswa.

Ukukhethwa Mkhiqizo

Manje ngenxa WSUS kokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi Buyekeza kumele ucacise ukuthi yiziphi isofthiwe ukubuyekezwa. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, okukhethiwe, kuyatuseka ukuba sibe abahahayo futhi uqaphele inombolo enkulu kungenzeka amaphuzu ohlwini.

Kodwa futhi ukuba bazibandakanye kakhulu, hhayi zinkulu. Kungcono yishoni kuphela lokho okudingekayo ngempela. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kunoma iyiphi umshini ku version inethiwekhi "Ihhovisi" 2003 ayifakiwe, futhi ucacise yokuthuthukisa yayo ngeke kukusize ngalutho kuso.

WSUS buyekeza esinyathelweni esilandelayo yenza ukuba ukhethe isigaba software okuyinto izibuyekezo izolanda kuqala. Lapha - ezintweni okhetha. Ngomqondo onabile, awukwazi ukuhlela umaki wokuhlola ekufakweni umshayeli izibuyekezo, amathuluzi, kanye nezici ezintsha. Lapho beqeda setha isikhathi lapho izibuyekezo akhethiwe ulande abafake.

izilungiselelo console

Manje kumelwe uveze console futhi into yokuqala ukusungula ukuvumelanisa ncwadi lifika ukubuyisa zonke izibuyekezo okwamanje.

Ngemva lokhu kuyadingeka ukwenza amaqembu esibulalayo Tuning. Kunconywa ukudala izigaba ezimbili amakhompyutha. Omunye kuyoba amaseva kwesinye - workstations ezivamile. Le sethingi kuzokhawulela ukufakwa amaseva update.

Njengoba wonke terminals ebonakalayo inethiwekhi okwamanje yilezi esigabeni amakhompyutha non-elenzelwe ukuzisabalalisa emaqenjini ezifanele ngesandla.

Ngo isinyathelo esilandelayo WSUS isethaphu ihlanganisa ukwenziwa imithetho ekhethekile yokulungiswa wenziwa ngaphansi gunyaza ngokuzenzakalela. Ukuze workstations ngokuvamile efiselekayo ukusetha gunyaza ngokuzenzakalela, njengoba kuyoba waphinde waphawula enye irowu okuhambisanayo isidingo amaseva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is hhayi Kunconywa ngoba amaseva ukukhetha konke izibuyekezo, njengoba lokhu kungadala ukungasebenzi.

Ukufaka amasethingi buyekeza-Group Policy

Lapho nemingcele eziyisisekelo esethiwe usuphothuliwe, kufanele enze izenzo ezimbalwa ezihlobene izimvume kanye kwezimvume.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-Group Policy Umhleli, okuyinto kuyindlela elula ukuze abangele console "Run» (Win R) umyalo gpedit.msc, hhayi ukusebenzisa "Control Panel" noma engxenyeni admin.

Lapho kunesidingo khona ngokusebenzisa ukucushwa ikhompyutha nezinqubomgomo ukufinyelela isifanekiso zokuphatha, lapho ukuthola "Buyekeza". Kuyo sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo ukubeka obhekene ekubizweni indawo update service on the intranet. Ngu kabili ngokuchofoza imenyu, isevisi ofuna zihlanganisa futhi ucacise ikheli leseva, ngokuvamile libukeka-http: // kwiseva, lapho kwiseva - igama leseva kunethiwekhi. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa le nhlanganisela, kodwa umane ukubhalisa IP seseva. Emva kokuhlela, emva kwesikhashana umshini ingane Uzoqala ukwamukela izibuyekezo amaphakheji.

amaphutha kungenzeka

Iphutha WSUS uvame elihlobene ne yokuthi iseva isesikhathini amaningi kakhulu buyekeza okungadingekile obekushiwo ngenhla.

Kodwa-ke kuba inkinga evamile ngokulinganayo kanye nesikhathi ukuthi izibuyekezo kungukuthi efakwe zonke inethiwekhi ezingaphansi ezikhumulweni. Kulokhu, kuzomele uvule kwesigaba kokugunyazwa othomathikhi wabakhwelisa ncamashi uhlobo izinqubomgomo iqembu, okuhambelana ukufakelwa kwezibuyekezo ezibucayi yesistimu yokusebenza kanye uhlelo yokuphepha. Ngakho, kungenzeka ukwakha isimiso esisha nokubonisa yabo izibuyekezo zomkhiqizo izilungiselelo ipharamitha (ngisho ukwamukelwa bhukwana lungasetshenziswa).

Ekugcineni, uma ungenawo ukwenza kanzima izilungiselelo ukusetha kabusha WSUS, bese zonke kwemigomo inqubo yokufaka kuyodingeka ukukhiqiza futhi, it is kakhulu Kunconywa ukuthi okungenani kanye ngenyanga ukwenza iseva ohlanzekile (lokhu kunikeza umsebenzi ofanayo njengoba "Master"). Izinyathelo ezinjalo ziyosisiza ekususeni zesistimu engaphiwanga, kanye kakhulu ukunqinda database ngokwayo (inkambo ngemva kwalokho base bole, isikhathi xaxa iyadingeka ukuze ikhange ke, plus - i umthwalo ngokweqile amandla iseva nokusatshalaliswa inethiwekhi update).

Kwezinye izimo, kungase kusize izilungiselelo zenqubomgomo akuzona okuzenzakalelayo (Okuzenzakalelayo Group Policy), kanye ukudalwa uhlobo olusha wonke amasethingi isebenze kokukhethwa kukho okutholakalayo lapho umuntu eba ikheli inethiwekhi iseva (ngesevisi port 8530).

Esimeni lapho usebenzisa okuthiwa workstations ephathekayo, izilungiselelo efanayo engenziwa ngaphansi izinqubomgomo zokuphepha wendawo ngokucacisa nemingcele ezifanele. Uma konke ilungile, ngoba iseva Terminal Services iqembu lizofakwa izibuyekezo ezibucayi kuphela, futhi amakhompyutha eqenjini iqoqo (noma isigaba ngegama elehlukile), - ngokuphelele yonke izibuyekezo akhethiwe ku kokuqala isethaphu isigaba.

esikhundleni umphumela

Empeleni, ukuhlola zokusebenzisa zokubuyekeza okuzenzekelayo WSUS, unga futhi isiphetho. Ukuze wenze izinto emsebenzini futhi abanawo ukukhathazeka ngumlawuli uhlelo esikhathini esizayo kufanele sinake izimo kokuqala ezihlobene ukufakwa izingxenye ezengeziwe. Kukholakala ukuthi inguqulo iseva yesistimu yokusebenza kangcono hhayi ukusebenzisa 2003 no-2008 u-R2 noma ngaphezulu, futhi banake version .NET Framework wesine, kunokuba 2.0). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe izilungiselelo proxy futhi ukukhethwa kwamachweba njengoba port okuzenzakalelayo 80 zingase zingasebenzi. Ekugcineni, esinye zezici ezibalulekile kakhulu ukulungiswa iwukukhetha amaqembu ezikhumulweni ikhwele kubo izibuyekezo. Ngokuqondene nazo zonke ezinye, njengoba umthetho, kufanele kube khona inkinga, kodwa ngenkathi kulayishwa izibuyekezo esindayo esikhulu umpofu zokuxhumana izinga yesikhathi esifushane ukwehluleka nokuthuthukisa sokusakaza amaphutha zenzeka namanje. By the way, ukuhlanza iseva ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi, kudingeka. Uma ithuluzi okuzenzakalelayo noma ngabe yisiphi isizathu, lapho sibona umphumela omuhle ngeke esizicabangelayo, ungazama okungenani ukususa amafayela esikhashana ngesandla kusukela SDTemp lwemibhalo. Okungenani, ngisho isinyathelo eziwubala ngeke ngokushesha ukunciphisa umthwalo hhayi kuphela kwi-server ngokwayo, kodwa futhi ku terminals ingane, futhi inethiwekhi iyonke.