Isakhiwo samanzi i-Vyshnevolotsk, isifunda se-Tver: umlando wendalo, incazelo, ukuphumula, ukudoba

Abantu abaningi bahamba emhlabeni jikelele befuna ipharadesi lokuphumula nokuphumula. Omunye uthanda izindawo ezingasenakulwandle. Omunye ukhohliswa izintaba zezintaba ezikhethwe ngeqhwa. Futhi othile uthanda amahlumela amanzi amanzi.

Izwe lakithi inezindawo eziningi ezinomusa nezithakazelisayo zokuphumula zonke izintandokazi, isabelomali kanye nezintandokazi. Enye yalezi zindawo ukuthula kwengqondo yindawo yamanzi yaseVyshnevolotsk, edumile emhlabeni wayo othakazelisayo futhi obabazayo wezinhlanzi nezilwane, izindawo ezinhle kakhulu nezithakazelisayo, kanye nezinkathazo ezilula futhi ezihle kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuzilibazisa.

Uphi i-Resshvoir yeVivnevolock? Ziyini ezikhangayo nezici zayo? Kungenzeka yini ukuphumula lapha nomndeni wonke futhi ube nokudoba okuhle? Uma unesithakazelo sokwazi izimpendulo zale mibuzo, lesi sihloko senu!

Indawo yedamu

I-reservoir yikhiqiza ekhishwe ngamakhemikhali emfuleni ngenxa yemithombo yamanzi yokugcina amanzi ukuze isebenzise ngokwengeziwe umnotho kazwelonke.

Emngceleni osentshonalanga weRussian Federation uhambela esifundeni saseTver, umthamo wamanzi oyinhloko okubhekwa ngawo ukuthi yi-Volga-eyodwa yemifula emikhulu eMhlabeni kanye nesikhathi eside kunazo zonke eYurophu. Lesi sifundazwe sidume kakhulu ngenxa yezinhlawulo zayo. Imifula eminingi, amachibi kanye nezinqolobane zisakazwa ensimini yayo. Enye yalezi ziqhingi yiVyshnevolotskoye, esesifundeni saseVyshnevolotsky, ezigodini zemifula iThna neSylyny. Isifunda saseVyshnevolotsky, esisemngceleni wemifula yamabhodlela aseBaltic naseCaspian, kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo zazidumile ngengcebo yamanzi kanye nezikhala ezivulekile. Enye yezindawo zayo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezithandekayo yi-Resshvoir ye-Vyshnevolock. Ungafinyelela kanjani kule ndawo enhle kakhulu enhle?

Ungafinyelela kanjani ezintweni

E-119 km enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTver yidolobha elincane uVinny Volochek, elinabantu abangamatshumi amane nesishiyagalombili kanye nenqalasizinda ethuthukile. Kancane kancane entshonalanga yale dolobha iyisitja esisithandayo.

Ukufinyelela kuso kulula futhi kulula. Njengoba iVyshniy Volochek isendaweni engama-297 km emgwaqweni wesifundazwe "iRussia" (umzila waseMoscow - eSt. Petersburg), imigwaqo ikhona elula futhi elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idolobha linesiteshini sesitimela, okwenza kube lula ngawo wonke umuntu ukuba avakashele echibini elidumile.

Ungakwazi ukufinyelela kulelo thabhu ngokuthutha kwakho noma ekuthuthweni kwedolobha. Uma kungcono kakhulu ukuthi uhambe ngendlela yesibili, ungathatha amabhasi ngamapulangwe elayisensi: 3, 5.4, 15, 6, imizila yawo idlula eduze nezindawo eziningi zelondolo.

Izindawo zokuhlala kweVasnevolotsky yeTver Region azikhawulelwe kuVyshny Volochkom yedwa. Emaphandleni echibini, izindlu ezinkulu nezincane zisekelwe, njengezindawo zaseKrasnomai, idolobhana laseKasharovo, amadolobhana eRvenitsa, Ermakoko, Yazvikha, Nikiforovo nabanye. Ngokusobala, leli garaji alikho endaweni yasendle noma engavunyelwe kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma ulahleka, izakhamuzi zizokubonisa ngendlela ejabulisayo.

Izingqikithi zekhiye ezibalulekile

I-reservoir ingenye yamanzi amakhulu esifunda saseTver. Ekude lifinyelela amakhilomitha ayishumi nambili, futhi ngobubanzi - ayisishiyagalolunye, ngakho indawo ehlala emgodini wamanzi imnandi kakhulu futhi ihloniphekile - isikwele esingamakhilomitha ayikhulu nesishiyagalombili.

Yiziphi izinzulu ze-Vyshnevolotsky reservoir? Ukujula kwesilinganiso samachibi cishe ku-3 m, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungafinyelela kumamitha angu-7. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umthamo wendawo yamanzi wamanzi ulingana namamitha ayizigidi ezingamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili nambili, kuyilapho umthamo owusizo ulingana namamitha ayizigidi ezingamakhulu amabili namashumi amathathu nambili.

Ngokubhekiselwe usayizi olusemthethweni kanye nemingcele yelondolozi, kufanele kukhulunywe ngenwetshisekelo yayo yasogwini (51 km), ubude (163.5 m), indawo yezwe elikhukhulayo (31 km square).

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-Vyshnevolotsk amanzi yamanzi yindawo yesithupha esifundeni saseTver ngokugcwele nokusetshenziswa komthamo.

Umlando omncane

Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli gumbi linomlando othakazelisayo futhi ocebile, oqale ngawo kusukela esikhathini sikaPetru I.

Umlando we-Vyshnevolotsk amanzi wamanzi uyamangalisa ngempela. Yaqala ukwakha ngekhulu le-18 leminyaka ngokuvumelana nomqondo kaPetru Omkhulu ukugcina izinga lokuhamba emhlabeni wonke waseRussia. Umbono wombusi wenziwa ngumenzi owaziwayo wezakhi zezimoto kanye nomakhi wemikhumbi, umthengisi ngomsebenzi - uMikhail Ivanovich Serdyukov, owaziwa ngokuba nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lonke lwamanzi aseVyshnevolodskaya.

Futhi konke kwaqala kanje

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1700, uMikhail Ivanovich waqasha amazwe amancane azungeze uViksh Volochok, ekwakheni isitshalo. Ukuze kusebenze kangcono kwebhizinisi, kwakudingeka akhiwe umzila, owathi, ngenxa yokungakwazi nolwazi lomnikazi womnikazi, wakhiwe kabi futhi wasebenza ngokulandelanayo. Lapho isimiso sokukhukhula sonakaliswa izikhukhula zasentwasahlobo, umthengisi onokuhlangenwe nakho nohlakaniphile wayefuna ukuqondisa ukulungisa kwawo. Njengoba ukukhiya kwakuyisakhiwo esibalulekile samanzi sokuhambisa umkhumbi ukusuka emanzini amaningi kuya kwesinye, uSerdyukov wanquma ngokwakhe ukuba akhulume nombusi ngeziphakamiso zokukhonta.

I-Vyshnevolotsky Canal yayiyinto ebalulekile yokuhlinzeka eSt. Petersburg ngokudla nezinye izinto ezivela emazweni aphakathi. Ngakho-ke, uPeter Omkhulu wabiza lo mthengisi, wazi kahle imibono yakhe futhi wamnika ilungelo elisemthethweni lokuhlanganyela kuVyshnevolotsk navigation.

USerdyukov uMikhail Ivanovich waba ngumchwepheshe omuhle nomholi. Ngaphansi kokuqapha kwakhe okuhlakaniphile, ukuqondiswa okuhlakaniphile, kwakhiwa umsele, owawunamandla kakhulu kuneyaphambilini, futhi kwakhiwe isakhiwo sokufakelwa indawo esakhiwe ngamakhilomitha ayisithupha sikwele. I-reservoir entsha, eyanikeza ithuba lokugcina izinga elidingekayo lamanzi kuwo wonke umsele, yayinegama layo lokuqala - iZavodskaya. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1741.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwe-reservoir hydrotechnologist kuye kwazuza izitha eziningi. Lawa kwakuyizindela ezilahlekelwa amazwe azo amakhulu, okudlula kuwo amanzi aseZavodsky, kanye ne-artel yabaqeqeshi ababelahlekelwe umsebenzi wabo. Yiba noma kunjalo, uSerdyukov, oqashwe yi-tsar, waphumelela esakhiweni. Ngo-1774, eminyakeni engamashumi amabili emva kokushona komthengisi, amachibi ama-Vyshnevolotsky namachiza adluliselwa kumgcinimafa kahulumeni.

Cishe eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili kamuva, ekuqaleni kwawo-1950, kwakhiwa kabusha izakhiwo zokugcina.

Ukubaluleka kwezenhlalo zendawo

Njengoba umzimba wamanzi unesilinganiso samanzi aphezulu, senza ukuqinisekiswa kwenkathi yonyaka futhi uhlinzeka ngamanzi wendawo, kanye namandla, amahishi, izinkuni ezihambayo nokuthuthwa kwamanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-reservoir inikeza amanzi ezitshalweni ezimbili ezincane zemithombo yamanzi eziseduze nayo.

Isiteshi samandla kagesi seNovo-Tveretsk, esasemkhatsini wamanzi kanye noMfula iTvertsoy, yasungulwa ngo-1947. Manje ikhiqiza ugesi inani elingu 8.8 million kW / h ngonyaka. Isiteshi samandla kagesi samanzi, esinezinjini ezimbili, sinokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngamamitha ayizigidi ezingamatshumi amabili ngomzuzwana.

Esinye isitshalo samandla esincane samanzi aseNovo-Tsninskaya. Itholakala emfuleni iThna futhi ihloswe ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuhlanzekile. Ehlonyelwe i-turbine eyodwa, i-HPP isebenzisa amamitha amane kuya kwangu-9 wamanzi ngomzuzwana.

Futhi manje, lapho sesijwayele ukujwayelana nomlando kanye nezici zobuciko zamanzi, ake sikhulume ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kokuhleleka.

Abadobi abanombhalo

Ingabe icebile inhlanzi ye-Vyshnevolock? Ukudoba lapha kuyathakazelisa ngempela futhi kuhluke kakhulu. Emanzini ungathola i-pike kanye ne-catfish, i-perch ne-pike perch, i-bream ne-burbot, i-rudd ne-gudgeon.

Kuhle kakhulu ukuhlabelela emagqumeni eduze kwaseZdeshevo, Pererva, Gradoljublya, Krasnomai, kanye nasezizungeze iziqhingi eziningi nasemilonyeni yemifula uShlin, Cheremnitsa, Tsna.

Kuye ngezifiso zakho kanye nezintandokazi zakho, ungabamba echibini kokubili ekubambeni nasekubambeni kwezindiza, kokubili ekuqiniseni nasekuseni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sithini nesikhathi sonyaka.

Ukudoba kwebusika

Njengoba iqhwa lifakwe enqolobaneni ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, futhi liqala ukungcibilika kakhulu ngo-Ephreli, ngaleso sikhathi, ungenza ngokudoba ukudoba ebusika. Ubukhulu obuphakathi kweqhwa echibini buyingxenye yesigamu samitha, kanti ubukhulu bungu-120 cm, ngakho ungesabi ukungena emanzini abandayo esikoleni. Kwezinye izindawo, indawo yeqhwa le-reservoir ishintshwe ukuhamba emotweni. Yiqiniso, eqhweni kukhona ikhava elikhulu leqhwa, elingasondela kumitha ubude.

Ebusika, ungabamba i-perch, i-pike kanye ne-bream echibini, ngokubamba okuhle okutholakala ngokubamba amafulege nama-jigs. Yiqiniso, indawo yokudoba kufanele idliwe, futhi njengenhlanhla kungcono ukusebenzisa i-bloodworm.

Ukudoba kwasehlobo

Ukudoba kwehlobo lapha, okuyizinto ezithakazelisayo futhi ezihlukahlukene. Esikhathini esifudumele ungabamba esikebheni, okuyindlela eveza kakhulu futhi ekhiqizayo. Njengombhobho, isinkwa se-rye nezimpethu kufanele zisetshenziswe.

Ungasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene - induku yokudoba, ukudoba izindiza, i-donki, i-mormyshku, i-spinning kanye ne-bait. Qaphela ukuthi lapha ungabamba i-bream enesisindo esingama-kilogram ayisihlanu!

Uma ukhohliwe noma ulahlekelwe ukubhekana nokukhwabanisa, ngakho konke okudingayo kungathengwa ezitolo zedolobha ngisho nasiteshini sesitimela.

Ukuphumula okuhlukile echibini

Kungenzeka yini ukuphumula okuhle emgodini? Yebo, njengoba leli gumbi lingamanzi amaningi (alinamaphesenti angamahlanu angaphansi kwamanzi amaningi) futhi anamanzi alo inani lemikhiqizo yamafutha kanye nama-phenols ngaphakathi kwemingcele yemvume evumela ukudoba.

Ukuphumula emagodini aseVyshnevolotsky kuzohambisana nemibhangqwana yothando, kanye nabashade nabantwana, bobabili abathanda ukuthula, nabazingeli bezinkampani ezinomsindo.

Izindawo ezihle kakhulu, ukulinganisa kwamagagasi, umoya omanzi ohlanzekile - lokhu kungokuncane nje kwezinzuzo zokuhlala echibini.

Emagodini ngokwawo yizikhungo zokuzilibazisa ezihlukahlukene (umzana waseZdeshevo, umuzi waseRvenica, ezinye iziqhingi zendawo yamanzi). Lapha uzohlinzekwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zokuzijabulisa kanye nemidlalo yamanzi kanye nokuhamba ngebhayisikili, ukudoba kanye nebhayisikili, ukuvunguza umoya, ukukhipha kanye nokuphumula, imishayo kanye nezindawo zokudla, ukuhlanganiswa nokudla okumnandi.

Amabhishi ase-reservoir nawo afakwe kahle futhi ahlanzekile. Kuhle ukushisa ilanga, ukubhukuda nokujabulela nje imvelo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi phansi kwesitja kunesihlabathi esiyingqayizivele, ngezinye izikhathi siyisilika. Nakuba imfuyo yezimfuyo namabhizinisi asezimbonini zitholakala ngaselwandle, ukukhishwa kwamanzi okudoba kanye nokuthuthwa kwamanzi emgodini awukwenziwa.

Indawo yamanzi yelondolo

Engxenyeni yelondolozi kukhona iziqhingi ezincane ezithokozisayo, lapho ungathola khona ukuhlanganiswa okuphefumulayo nokuphumula okuqabulayo.

Okokuqala, ngu-Alekhine Relka, uDerguny noBolshoi Val. Ungaphinde uvakashele iZhernovka, Klyuchino, Pine Rig, Kuninu Relka nabanye, lapho kunezakhiwo ezikhethekile zokuzijabulisa nokuzilibazisa.

Jabulela ngempelasonto yakho!