"Ioann Krestitel" kaLeonardo da Vinci: incazelo isithombe

Ngo isayensi zomlando, kukhona usuku okunemibandela kakhulu ekupheleni Ephakathi - 1456. Endaweni yabo kufika Renaissance, elaqala ikakhulukazi e-Italy, lapho kwakukhona khona isithakazelo esikhulu endulo nge impumelelo yayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ezamasiko kanye nomphakathi.

Renaissance okusezingeni eliphezulu

E-Italy, edwengulwe ukuphikisana yangaphakathi futhi izimpi amakhosi asendulo, ngokungazelelwe kukhona ukukhululwa ingokomoya - Yempucuko uLeonardo da Vinci. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emigwaqweni sihambahamba Michelangelo udangele futhi bejabule, uzungezwe abangane, uRafael. E Florence, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwamukela ukuze ukuhlobisa lombhishobhi Michelangelo futhi uLeonardo da Vinci, futhi ubukele ngentuthuko yomsebenzi esiphathiswe abasha isikhulu luthela Niccolò Machiavelli. Nokho, akukhona ukuthi ukukhululwa ingokomoya? Izimiso ubuhle endala nge yayo enkulu yalungisa leminye nezibalo eziqoshiwe kanye izakhiwo babé imodeli kubaculi. Kodwa kuye kwaba khona yokudala, nge umcabango elikhulu, eboleka kuphela izinto ezicabanga kungenzeka futhi kufaneleka, ngobuhlakani befunda ifa yamaGreki namaRoma.

I ifa bokubeka Leonardo

Wayeyisazi lo muntu ukusakaza cishe zonke izindawo ubunjiniyela kanye art. Yena isebangeni yena ngokuyinhloko hhayi njengoba umdwebi, okwakukhona ngaphansi ziphoqa, kodwa wobunjiniyela, abangakwazi ukudala izikhali, isibonelo, noma njengoba umpheki owakhuphula cuisine izinto ezintsha kanye izitsha. EMilan wayengumuntu kuhlanganise umphathi we-UMbusi etafuleni. Wayebuka njengoba bakhonze idina amatafula, kanye zokupheka. Ngu impumelelo uLeonardo da Vinci ababeqondisa zihlanganisa imidwebo eminingi, lapho ungakwazi ukwakha indiza. Man Kumelwe bahlasele, cabangela lokhu buchopho. Phakathi ubunjiniyela yakhe okusungulile uyalandisa parachute isibonakude abanamalensi ezimbili, engasindi, amabhuloho ephathekayo impi nokuningi. Olwazini lwakhe ukwakheka komzimba womuntu, waba iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe. Ukuhlala kule minyaka embalwa edlule eFrance, uLeonardo da Vinci ihlelwe yizikhonzi amaholide, wadala icebo isigodlo esisha bobukhosi, ngesikhathi esifanayo sishintshe umzila imifula emibili isixhumanisi yenziwe phakathi kwabo.

art

Ukuze ezinye zezizathu yangaphakathi sithakazelo esitheni ubuciko uLeonardo da Vinci. Imisebenzi behlele izikhathi zethu, bambalwa. Namanje kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi lo mfanekiso kuphela Leonardo, cishe awuvezi ke. Da Vinci wasebenza kancane futhi wanika imidwebo isikhathi esincane. Kodwa intuthuko yayo emkhakheni wezobuciko omkhulu futhi abalulekile ukuze sebeseduze an ukuphakama engenakufinyeleleka, kuze kube namuhla. ukufiphala yakhe umugqa wezasemoyeni ezizungezile zonke izibalo kanye izinto ezithombeni - lena indlela sibona izinto ukuboniswa ekuphileni kwakhe.

amanothibhuku

Wayegqoka kubo njalo futhi abangabazi wacabanga wabhala incwadi imfihlo, eyakhiwe, yebo, yena. Akekho engakaze ziqala ngokugcwele amarekhodi uLeonardo da Vinci. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe kwakukhona cishe sasiyikhulu namashumi amabili lwezinye zalezi zincwadi, nakulokhu okulotshiwe netinsimu futhi ezilula. Bahlanganisa imidwebo, imidwebo. Ikakhulu kubhekwe Leonardo hhayi ukubhuka ulwazi nokuqonda kwakho nemithetho kanye izinto. okukhulu kakhulu Yisifiso sayo ukuhambisa isayensi phambili.

imibhalo yesandla

Ukuze ezisekhona imibhalo yesandla Leonardo, ukuthi ayibhalwanga sokunene kwesokunxele. Akazange ukuwashicilela, nakuba zokuphila kwakhe iminyaka yokugcina imicabango enjalo weza ekhanda lakhe. Akazange ubhale Latin yezesayensi nasezinzuzweni Italian eyayivame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sakhe - kafushane, ngamafuphi, ngokunembile. ulimi lakhe ocebile, acacile futhi ekhululekile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu umlando yesayensi inawo ukubaluleka kwezobuciko. Ukuze abaphila manje namanje efanele ebhalwe kuye "Treatise on Painting". Saze safika izinganekwane yakhe futhi izindaba ezihlekisayo kanye ziprofetho allegory, epigrams.

Isithombe ebhodini

Ukudweba "ioann Krestitel" kaLeonardo da Vinci ngesineke iphinathibhatha esihlahleni e eminyakeni 1508-1513. Usayizi Its 69 x 57 cm. Kufanele ukuthi ngalezo zinsuku izinto for Umdwebo khona isimo sengqondo esihluke ngokuphelele. Amafutha kanye vybelivalos wema ilanga iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu, iminyaka, omisiwe amabhodi. A upende kwaba umculi ngokwakhe usebenzisa zinhlayiya, comminuted lube impuphu.

Ngakho, incazelo umdwebo uLeonardo da Vinci sika "ioann Krestitel." Young John vpoluoborot kuboniswe nengemuva elimnyama. Ukukhanya ziwele phezu kwayo ukusuka kwesokunxele. Umunwe Inkomba sesandla sakhe sokunene, ukhomba esiphambanweni, kuba ngemfanelo ejwayelekile, futhi isibhakabhaka, sengathi ukumema umbukeli ukuba uzindle nokuza kukaKristu, futhi zilungiselela ukufika kwakhe. Ioann Krestitel ngu uLeonardo da Vinci ukhuluma amehlo sesibukeli, smiling ngobumnene. Ukubonakala kwaso nobuntu ovuthiwe Leonardo. Nezingubo unkom 'idlayodwa - uboya, ayengenalo uvikelekile ngokuphelele. Ehlombe langakwesokudla nge olinganise kwesokudla futhi uhlala elingenalutho. Ioann Krestitel ngu uLeonardo da Vinci enezinwele ezinde abacaphuni ukuthi bawela kwamahlombe akhe. Model, kusolakala ukuthi wakhonza njengephayona osafunda yakhe Salai. Ukuguquka kusuka ukukhanya Shadows obucayi elicwengiwe. Lona sfumato abadumile, okuyinto ukuhwebelana esithambile futhi emnene phakathi amathoni ukukhanya nobumnyama ugcizelela roundness amafomu plastic kanye ephelele, futhi ibonisa isimo esingokomoya saint. On the ngendwangu akunakwenzeka ukuthola iminonjana umshanelo.

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ifilimu "ioann Krestitel" kaLeonardo da Vinci zingezokunikeza 1517. Ngemva kokufa Leonardo, lo msebenzi laba impahla yabantwana umfundi wakhe Salai, ngubani wazenzela ikhophi yayo, nokuthi walondoloza kahle. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, izihlobo ithengiswe original uFrancis I owayengumKatolika eFrance. Njengoba lo msebenzi ku Louvre. Kodwa kamuva kwathiwa kabusha ithengiswe eNgilandi ngo ukuqoqwa Charles I. Ngemva ukubulawa kwabo kwenkosi, isivele eJalimane, kodwa kungakapheli 1666 sokuthenga yayo amanxusa XIV, futhi liphinde likhulume ngoBharuki France. Futhi manje e-Louvre embukisweni.