Intombazane Tower Baku

ezikhangayo abaningi ise lasendulo inhlokodolobha Azerbaijan, Baku. Ntombazane Tower, izithombe zazo okwethulwa kulesi sihloko - oluyimfihlakalo kakhulu futhi ezinkulu. Kuze kube manje, usuku ukwakhiwa kwalesi sikhungo, noma injongo yayo langempela akukho ezaziwayo. Ntombazane Tower igcina izimfihlakalo zayo. On nye of them you izofunda lesi sihloko.

Ukubukeka basembhoshongweni

A ukubukeka esiyingqayizivele ezakhiwo Tower le Ntombazane kuze kube manje kusikisela abantu simangele. Akhuphukela ingxenye ezisogwini Icheri Sheher (Idolobha elidala) futhi kubhekwa esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu elingasolwandle "olungaphambili lwesonto" wedolobha Baku. Sinzima afanayo isakhiwo elise edwaleni, izindawo eziphahlwe ashlar, ibiyelwe ezinokufanekisa ongaphambili omise ekuphumeni kusuka phansi kuya phezulu. Ohlangothini esempumalanga Tower le Ntombazane sika has a protrusion ogama njongo kuseyimpicabadala. Lo msuka kungaba akukho yokucashela, akukho buttresses noma "sangaleso", okukhombisa itshe core. Esebenzisa izitshalo ekuvikeleni, angase elise phezulu embhoshongweni, ubunjalo izakhiwo lapho kungazange kufinyelele ezinsukwini zethu. Futhi eyingqayizivele ebusweni Ukuklanywa komzimba ezakhiwe kushintshana ribbed lalihlehliswa futhi projecting imigqa ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe.

I kwangaphakathi isikhala tridtsatimetrovoy umbhoshongo cupolas stone flat uhlukaniswe imikhakha eziyisishiyagalombili oxhumene Kuvunguza izitebhisi. Lesi sakhiwo kungaba izakhamuzi kuze kube anamakhulu mabini. Amanzi kungenziwa othathwe emthonjeni ojulile. I ukushuba ezindongeni umbhoshongo ngasesinqeni - amamitha amahlanu, phezulu - amamitha amane. Ukuze lingakanani idlula itshe sondo Apsheron izinqaba, ukushuba udonga elingamamitha amabili kuphela.

Usuku ukwakhiwa

Ososayensi namanje bebaphikisana ngani lapho Tower le Ntombazane kwakwakhiwe. Ngakwesokudla emnyango ipuleti itshe, okuyinto wanyathela Kufic othi: "Senzeni Gubba (cupola lwaleli) Masuda Dawood bin". Kususelwa ubunjalo ngokubhala la mazwi (zesi-Arabhu), ukwakhiwa basembhoshongweni isikhathi eside, u zangekhulu le-12. Nokho, ososayensi kamuva besithengela amalebula ngokucophelela. Okokuqala, igama elithi "Gubba", ngezinye izikhathi elihunyushwa ngokuthi "umkhathi", ngokuvamile lalisetshenziselwa Ephakathi kuya yokungcwaba amaSulumane plate umphefumulo wamuka enyukela ngokuqondile kuNkulunkulu. Lapho odongeni tombstones itshe sondo ucezu? Okwesibili, ikhambi okwakufakwe kuyo ucwecwe waphumula, lingazange lisetshenziswe lapho kwakhiwa umbhoshongo. It kuvela ukuthi okucashunwe yabonakala isakhiwo ngengozi, ngesikhathi ukulungisa, lapho ngokushesha ngosizo amatshe kwatywinwa ishumi ezinye umonakalo ezindongeni. Mhlawumbe le ndawo kwakungu-loop-imbobo noma ibhokisi sikwele. Ngakho, kwatholakala ukuthi ukwakhiwa basembhoshongweni Ntombazane Baku iphutha ngezigaba ezimbili. Eyokuqala iphathelene zangenkathi yangaphambi Islamic, kwesibili - ngekhulu le-12.

indaba

Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene isicelo ezahlukene owawuqondene Ntombazane Tower. Ekhulwini le-12 kwaba i inqaba ungenakunqotshwa we Shirvanshahs, inqaba eyinhloko uhlelo ukuvikela Baku. Emakhulwini eminyaka 18-19 isakhiwo yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo yesibani, elaqala umsebenzi ngo-1958, ku-13 Juni. Ngo-1907 lo lighthouse washukumiseleka kusuka phezulu izakhiwo esiqhingini Nargin njengoba ukukhanya kwayo waqala uhlangane ne izibani komuzi ebusuku.

Ntombazane Tower ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphansi sokubuyiselwa. Ekhulwini le-19, ngesikhathi umsebenzi uphela kusukela kwamazinyo aso phezulu zisusiwe (machicolations) zokuzivikela. Ukubuyiselwa lokugcina isakhiwo kwenziwa ngo-1960, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emine umbhoshongo waba Museum. Ngo-2000, lesi somlando esiyingqayizivele baba a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

Inqaba, lighthouse noma ithempeli?

Imibono mayelana isabelo ukuzivikela Ntombazane Tower, abacwaningi baye ngawo atholakala engenabufakazi. Ukwakhiwa omane awulungele impi - noma ngendawo, noma ifomu noma Mechanics yangaphakathi. Okokuqala, embhoshongweni amafasitela ezimbalwa, okuyinto zitholakala kanye isitebhisi phambili phezulu hhayi phansi ngamakhasimende kanye phezulu. Okwesibili, ophahleni lwezakhiwo, ngenxa ubukhulu elincane, akunakwenzeka ukubeka isiphi isikhali. Okwesithathu, Tower le Ntombazane BakaJehova babengenayo ngempela uxhumano unomphela phakathi eziyizitezi. Esitezi sokuqala buxhunyaniswe nalo lonke isikhathi izitebhisi, okuyinto nganoma yisiphi isikhathi zingase zisuswe.

Ngaphezu bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo eziyingqayizivele, le Ntombazane Tower Kuyamangaza ... tern yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umule akuyona umfaniswano isakhiwo se-ungqimba, futhi itholakala emhlabeni storeys eziyisikhombisa basembhoshongweni (lapho kukhanyiswe izimbaqa) kanye phezulu. Ngokusho imithombo zomlando: "imililo eziyisikhombisa inextinguishable evutha phezulu" (uMose Horessky, 5.), With ngalinye ezingeni ukukhanya anemibala ehlukene. Kwakwenzekani ngaphakathi umbhoshongo ongaqondakali?

Kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi Maiden Tower - lighthouse lasendulo. Kodwa kungani ukwakha isakhiwo esikhulu kangaka, futhi uwungcwelise amazinga eziyisikhombisa, kuyilapho yenhlansi izimbaqa ngokwanele phezulu? Ezikhathini zamuva nje, futhi ukwakhiwa yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo beacon njengoba inqaba, kodwa injongo yayo yasekuqaleni ngoba akekho likhombe. I cishe kukho - zenkolo. kakhulu Igama umbhoshongo - "Giz Galasi" - lapha lingase lihunyushwe ngazo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Igama elithi "gala", noma "kala", has ezizweni zanamuhla Turkic ukuba "umbhoshongo" noma "esigodlweni", ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuwukuthi of incazelo ehlukile. "Kala" - indawo lapho umlilo ovuthayo isiko.

Kungani umbhoshongo ngokuthi "intombi"?

Emkhakheni eziningi ukufaka ngokuthi "Ntombazane Tower". Istanbul, eCrimea, eTallinn, Sifundazwe-Dnevstrosky ngiziqhayise kwemibhoshongo elinegama elifanayo. Iqiniso lokuthi zonke lezi zaba yizincithakalo izinqaba ezakhiwa ngezikhathi belusizi Ephakathi, lapho akekho wayengakaze ngilinqobile umbhoshongo kwakubhekwa "intombi nto", ukuthi akakavakasheli izandla lothile. Ngokusobala, igama layo Baku umbhoshongo kwaba Ephakathi, lapho isiko zaseYurophu zaqala ukungena empumalanga ukucabanga izakhamuzi Azerbaijan.

Legend of the Baku Maiden

Kukhona izindaba eziningi zasendulo exhunywe enegama "Ntombazane Tower". Legend of the Baku Virgin usho ngokuchachileyo ukuthi ngezikhathi zangaphambi Islamic a Khan, abusa lezo zindawo, yena Wayefuna ukushada nendodakazi yakhe, ngubani Wamkhumbuza okungazelele oshonile inkosikazi ethandekayo. Wathola isibusiso yonkulunkulu babo, eyakhelwe behlonipha umbhoshongo bakamakoti grand phezu kwedwala futhi sesikulungele ukuqala imisebenzi zasemshadweni. Nokho, le ntombazanyana bamelana intando kayise nezizondekayo ngomzuzu wokugcina agxume esuka embhoshongweni olwandle oluthukuthele. Wave wabanjwa umzimba wakhe ethambile sashayisa idwala. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-elikhulu itshe sondo ithwala igama "Ntombazane". Uma siphendukela amaqiniso angokomlando real, kungenzeka ukuthola isiqinisekiso ongaqondile kwezenzakalo ezichazwe encwadini le nganekwane. Ngo 439-457 AD. e. umbusi Sassanid Iezdigerd bavuselela isiko Zoroastrian lasendulo ngempela, owawuthi abazalwane babevunyelwa ukuba ashade nodadewethu, nani bobaba - amadodakazi. Esikhathini izindaba ezingenhla singatholakala Echoes of ukunganeliseki eziyimbangela yalokhu.

Legend of iqhawe abasha

Enye legend of Tower le Ntombazane sika isibuyisela endulo, lapho emzini Baku yabizwa ngokuthi "Bhagwan", futhi izakhamuzi zalo babekholelwa unkulunkulu Zoroastrian Ahura Mazda. Umuzi ongcwele izinyanga ezintathu uvinjezelwe, kanye lendawo ephezulu umphristi watsi ukuthi isitha uyobhujiswa ezandleni izintombi abangenacala. Ekuseni phezu ethempelini lasendulo (Ntombazane Tower) abe iqhawe omkhulu onombala nge nenkemba yelangabi esandleni sakhe. It sathandwa okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi hit umlawuli isitha - Nur-Eddin Shah - khona kanye enhliziyweni. Nokho, ngokushesha wathandana sabulala osemusha wayesemncane futhi eyigeza. Ayikwazi ukumelana nobuhlungu, Maid wagwazwa yena ngenkemba, wafa, umphefumulo wakhe wabuyela ethempelini. kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa nobusuku beshaya imimoya enamandla - Gilavar futhi Xazri. Bona acime umlilo lelingcwele lesivumelwane ethempelini. Kodwa ngo farsangs eziyisikhombisa engcwele yavutha ilangabi entsha. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ethempelini eyihlane elinabantu umphefumulo iqhawe abasha. Ngezinye izikhathi uhamba isiphephelo, izimpukane olwandle yokusesha kothandekayo futhi uthukuthele umzamo iyize, kuphakamisa imimoya okubi ukuthi zisenza sibe isiphepho.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, lokhu inganekwane futhi ingaphansi umcimbi zomlando yangempela. Phakathi Ukuvinjezelwa komuzi Nur-Eddin Shah (7-6 cc. BC. E.) Kube ukuzamazama esifundeni Baku. phansi ukufuduka kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi igesi ( "imililo engcwele") waqala ukuvundulula edolobhaneni Sura-Hana ( "farsangs eziyisikhombisa" kwamabhilidi "Ntombazane Tower"). Kufika 1902 kule ndawo kwaba ithempeli ashisa ngomlilo ongacimekiyo.

isiphetho

Okumangazayo, enemikhuba ongenakusondela kuko kubonakala Ntombazane Tower. Baku - emzini lapho kwakuhlala khona eyinkimbinkimbi okwakuthandelene zomlando ukunambitheka zaseMpumalanga kanye namaqiniso okuphila kwanamuhla. Le ndawo ufanelwe ukuqashelwa. Dark isakhiwo eliyimfihlakalo edolobheni elidala kanye glowed izibani ezinemibala, abahambi sikhexe ephefumulelwe abaculi kanye izimbongi. Buka we Ntombazane Tower kudingeka amehlo akho. Ukuze ubone futhi ukuzama ukuqonda ukuthi yini bathulile lasendulo Giz Galasi efihla ngalé kwezindonga zayo awugqinsi, ngemuva engaziwa ukujula eminyaka grey.