Intando yeningi lempi

Igama elithi yethulwa ngu abavelele American Usosayensi - mlando nesazi oyisazi Lewis Morgan e "oMdala Society" ukuchaza umphakathi yamaGreki asendulo ngesikhathi Ukuqeda umphakathi bakudala esimweni, futhi basamukela Marx no Engels. Marx babekholelwa ukuthi iqiniso lokuthi abalobi ngesiGreki Homer ngokuthi noma emandleni obukhosi, njengoba sici main esiwuphawu iyona kobuholi ezempi, amasosha kungenziwa ngokuthi intando yeningi, uma thina uyifaka uMkhandlu Chiefs Sikazwelonke.

intando yeningi Military, njengoba kufanele ngokombono wethu, ukucabanga kanye Engels, Umshicilelo kufanele hlanganani izakhi ndawonye ezintathu saziso - nomholi wezempi, okungenzeka wanika amandla ngaphezulu kanye zokwahlulela, kodwa akufanele abe nezokuphatha, sikazwelonke kanye nomkhandlu sezinduna. Engels ocishe afane imiqondo yesimanje yomphakathi wentando yenengi kanye ukwahlukaniswa kwamandla. Lokhu, njengoba sasithi namhlanje, ezizimele ezintathu amagatsha kahulumeni, kuyinto ebalulekile nekhombisa ubuntu umqondo yelinyenti.

Assembly Yabantu, okuyinto ngamunye kanye ke wayeyinkosi eyiqhawe elinesibindi, nabezempi, kubalulekile negunya elidingekayo njengoba abaholi umkhandlu futhi, eqinisweni, umholi uqobo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umugqa zezombusazwe ukuthatha umhlangano, ngabe kwaba nje ithuluzi ezandleni izikhulu noma, njengoba sekuke kwenzeka izikhathi eziningi, out of control uhulumeni - akekho (futhi umholi wamasosha noma umkhandlu sezinduna) kwadingeka nganoma iyiphi indlela ubudlova noma ukuphoqwa maqondana ke, ngaphandle emasikweni, amasiko, igunya siqu zabantu abavamile.

Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi ezempi intando yeningi - kuyinto inguqulelo yezenhlalakahle uhlelo emphakathini bakudala esimweni.

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ke ewela inkathi yomlando lapho inhlangano tribal lasendulo namanje amandla anele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona kakade babhekane nezinga elikhulu, ozalwa ukwazi namandla yasebukhosini, iba ukuguqulwa evamile izigqila zempi.

I kuzo izinhloko zezizwe zabantwana Achaean, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kwelinye izindaba uHomer ngokuphindaphindiwe eqhosha ethi yayicebile, ikakhulukazi Imihlambi bezilwane ezifuywayo ngemvelaphi yabo. Ziyakwazi akathandi ukukhuluma ngabantu, futhi uma bethi ngayo kwenyanya, kodwa lawa amazwi Odysseus ukuthi wakhethwa yi AbaseKrethe iya ku Illion ngemikhumbi futhi kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba senqabe, ngoba ukhethe ukuba amandla abantu, ukhuluma ngani ukuthi inhlangano kazwelonke has amandla anele namandla.

intando yeningi Military libhekene ezihlukahlukene izinhlobo kanye izinhlobo ukubonakaliswa yayo. Kwesinye isenzakalo kuba ngokukhethekile kuncike kumadivayisi yedolobha embusweni, njengohlanga eGreece nakwamanye amazwe. Uma kungenjalo, kungenzeka ayimizulane (ngokugcwele noma ngokwengxenye) indlela yokuphila, njengoba kwakunjalo lwamaSlav noma amaJalimane.

intando yeningi Military kwaba cishe kuzo zonke izizwe futhi esigabeni lokugcina pre-isimo ukuvela umphakathi. Ukuze kungenzeka ukuba sithwale Roman amakhosi umphakathi isikhathi, kanye Polis ngesiGreki, "inkathi, uHomer." Uma sicabangela lokhu mkhuba ngokuya nemivubukulo, ngenkathi intando yeningi lempi bayoba ukuhlangabezana phakathi ekuqaleni ukusetshenziswa izinsimbi, okwaholela izinguquko enhlanganweni kwezomnotho kanye ezindabeni zezombangazwe zomphakathi.

Ngo Eastern amaSlav ekhulwini lesishiyagalombili kanye engxenyeni yokuqala ka lesishiyagalolunye ngaqala ukwakha kudivayisi umphakathi ukuthi izazi-mlando kamuva ngokuthi igama elithi "intando yeningi lempi". Lokhu iyinkathi yezinguquko emphakathini bakudala emihlanganweni nezezizwe, abaholi, ayekhethwa yibo bonke izidlamlilo tribal nemfundo yokuqala yomphakathi uhulumeni onamandla emaphakathi, iAfrica abantu ezweni lonke, okwakuhilela ayaqala kakade ukuba zihluke kakhulu ngokuvumelana impahla, isimo esingokomthetho futhi indima emphakathini.