Imisebenzi Water kuseli. Amaphesenti H2O okuqukethwe emzimbeni womuntu

Amanzi - into ehlukile. It is basakaza yonke indawo kule planethi yethu. Zama ukucabanga ukuthi ukuphila kwethu kube ngaphandle engqamuzaneni H2O? Yebo, futhi bamele lutho - eziphilayo eplanethini yethu ngeke nhlobo. Indoda le-70% lamanzi. Encane umzimba, kulapho-ke iqukethe, kodwa ngeminyaka, kule nombolo incipha. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthatha i-fetus - okuqukethwe iphesenti kwalo 90% H2O.

Kulesi sihloko, siphakamisa ukuthi ukhethe zonke imisebenzi yamanzi kuseli bese ihlolisisa imibhalo yonke imininingwane. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi kutholakala izinhlobo ezimbili: mahhala futhi eboshiwe. Sizokwenza ukubhekana lokhu kamuva.

amanzi

Ngamunye yena uyazi ukuthi amanzi efeza kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kunalokho, indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwethu. Ngaphandle kwayo, iplanethi yethu kungaba efile, ehlane ezingaphili. Ososayensi kube yilolu suku basafunda amanzi kanye nendzima yayo emzimbeni womuntu.

Sesixoxile mayelana lokuthi amanzi etholakala emangqamuzaneni ethu ifomu mahhala futhi lesibopho. Eyokuqala ukhonza ukusakaza izinto - ukuze uthumele nabo esitokisini futhi kukho. Futhi yokugcina waphawula:

• phakathi imicu;
• ulwelwesi;
• amaprotheni molecule;
• izakhiwo amaselula.

Futhi amanzi mahhala futhi eboshiwe iseli liyadingeka okwenza eminye imisebenzi, okuzoxoxwa kamuva. Futhi manje - amagama ambalwa sendlela wahlela i-H2O-molecule.

i-molecule

Okokuqala nje, thina isho ifomula amangqamuzana omzimba amanzi: H2O. Lena into evame kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi kufanele sikhumbule-ke, ngoba ifomula amangqamuzana omzimba amanzi kuvamile ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ubuchwepheshe. It is ngenhlanhla atholakala kuwo wonke imizimba yabantu ngisho izinyo koqweqwe lwawo futhi bone, Nokho, lapho Ingxenyana encane yalawo - 10% no 20% ngokulandelana.

Njengoba sishilo, kunokuba umzimba abasebasha, amanzi kuwo manje. Ososayensi baye basikisela ukuthi siguga ngenxa yokuthi amaprotheni akukwazi ukuhlanganisa semali amanzi. Kodwa lokhu, Nokho, kuphela umbono ocatshangelwayo.

imisebenzi

Manje khetha imisebenzi yamanzi cell, labanyenti babo eminye ecacile ohlwini elandelayo:

• H2O ingaba njengesihluthulelo kuphela, njengoba cishe wonke amakhemikhali ukusabela - ion - futhi kwenzeka emanzini. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona imfuyo hydrophilic (okuyinto chaza, isibonelo utshwala, ushukela, ama-amino acid kanye nokunye), kodwa kukhona futhi hydrophobic (ama-fatty acid, i-cellulose nabanye).
• Amanzi ingaba njengesihluthulelo ejenti.
• Kuhaya ezokuthutha, isilawuli lokushisa futhi umsebenzi kwesakhiwo.

Sinikeza ngamunye wabo kubhekwe eceleni. Asihambe ukuze, kuqala kuhla lwethu - kuba umsebenzi uketshezi.

kuphela

Imisebenzi Water kuseli baningi, kodwa omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu - ukusiza ngokuhamba sebuningini ukusabela. H2O-molecule ingaba njengesihluthulelo kuphela. Cishe zonke ukusabela kuseli - iyona ion, ie, esimweni lapho kungathatha indawo - kuba amanzi.

reagent

Imisebenzi elandelayo yamanzi iseli - kuyingxenye yayo chemical rekatsiyah ezenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni womuntu njengesijeziso reagent. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• hydrolysis;
• polymerization;
• i-photosynthesis, nokunye.

Manje okuncane mayelana nokuthi lokho ejenti. Ngo-chemistry, izidakamizwa kangaka okuthiwa zinengxenye kwezinye zamakhemikhali. Into ebaluleke kakhulu - ke yilokhu kuba Nokho ahileleke ukusabela, kodwa into ukwelashwa kulesi simo akusona. I reagents endaweni yokucwaninga (ngendlela okwamanje bebizwa reagents ezahlukene) - kuvamile impela.

Amanzi njengendlela reactant abathintekayo ekulungiseleleni nezinye izinto edingwa umzimba.

ukusebenza kwezithuthi

Kungani siphila? umzimba wethu ukhona sibonga kuphela yokuthi amaseli uyaphila, zazo yakhiwa. Futhi kufanele sibonge isakhiwo layo eliyingqayizivele ezinye izici engqamuzaneni H2O. kakade Sishilo ukuthi amanzi - kuba yingxenye ebalulekile emzimbeni yethu, futhi wonke amangqamuzana iqukethe la mangqamuzana esiyingqayizivele, ikakhulukazi, endaweni kuqala ngezithako zawo.

Ukuthuthwa yamanzi umsebenzi cell - kungenye injongo H2O emzimbeni wethu. Amanzi inesimiso - siyiqonde isikhala extracellular, sibonga izakhi bangene kwiseli.

Enye ukwazi ukuthi igazi lymph iqukethe amanzi, futhi ukungabi khona kuholela ezinye imiphumela: ukopha noma thrombosis.

thermotaxis

Yini imisebenzi yamanzi cell, asizange okwamanje alungise? Yiqiniso, thermoregulation. Sathi, ngenxa amanzi uyakwazi mba ukushisa futhi baligcine isikhathi eside. Ngakho, H2O zingalondoloza iseli okweqile noma undercooling. umsebenzi thermoregulatory kuyadingeka hhayi kuphela amaseli olulodwa, kodwa nezalo lonke umzimba.

Ukwakheka umsebenzi

Yini imisebenzi yamanzi cell, siye ohlwini kakade, kuze kube ukuhlola nangenye injongo - esokunakekela kwengqamuzana.

Wake wazama ukungena namanzi? Ngisho endaweni yokucwaninga ukufezekisa lokhu kunzima kakhulu. Le mpahla kudingeka amanzi ukuze silondoloze ukuma nokwakheka yengqamuzana ngayinye.

Khumbula phakade: ukuphila akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwamanzi. Sinomuzwa oma lapho Umzimba ulahlekelwa mayelana 3% wamanzi, futhi ukulahlekelwa ngu-20%, i-amangqamuzana efa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, abantu kakhulu. Gcina umbhalo walokho ukuthi angakanani amanzi ngemali ukuba niphuze.