Intambo izihibe

Zonke izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye umama sokukhulelwa kanye nengane ube noxhumo ngokusebenzisa umzanyana esukela odongeni kwamathumbu umbungu (kule ndawo, ngokuba esezele yesibazi, ngokuthi inkaba) futhi unamathele placenta. Umzanyana kuyinto intambo ngesimo Kuvunguza ezingqubuzanayo ezaziyaluzisa ehlanganisa eyodwa futhi ezimbili enkabeni vein imithambo. igazi Arterial nge mpilo nezakhi ezingenzeka embungwini kusukela placenta odabula Umthambo enkabeni. Ngu vein kusukela placenta uphindela igazi umbungu, ahlanganiswe carbon dioxide futhi imikhiqizo umzimba. Okungenzeka izihibe umzanyana uyingozi ekuphileni fetus ngenxa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo (hypoxia fetus). Ngemuva ukusika umzanyana lapho ezalwa aze aqale ihlale ngokwahlukana unina. ukuzisika Sakudala umzanyana (the imizuzwana embalwa yokuqala emva kokubeletha) kuholele ekulahlekelweni lwemithambo yegazi kanye nokuntuleka yensimbi kanye elithwala umoya-mpilo egazini ezisanda kubelethwa.

Kuvikela izitsha umzanyana (kusuka kunoma iyiphi namathonya alimazayo futhi umonakalo mechanical) ezungeze jelly yabo ekhethekile like impahla ehlanganisa mucopolysaccharides wabiza jelly Wharton sika. umzanyana ivumela nje kuphela exchange of lwemithambo negazi emithambo yegazi phakathi umzimba kamama futhi ingane, kodwa futhi zangisiza ekwenzeni ukunyakaza kwakhe kwi-amniotic fluid, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, singenzeka intambo singabanjwa. Ukuthuthukisa nengane, umzanyana kuya ekuzalweni usana okuhambelana ngokuvamile ukwandisa (ngokwesilinganiso 55 cm) futhi ububanzi nengxenye kuya ngamasentimitha amabili.

Kukhona kwezinso eziningi umzanyana, akusiyo njalo kungenzeka ukuba ukusungula ngosizo ultrasound kokubeletha. Abaningi babo boni kuze kwezidingo. Kuphela uma monochorionic twins (amawele afana ncamashí, waba i-placenta ezivamile), udonga ngiyinake futhi previa placenta (nge ingozi lamabutho ayo) ingatholakala isixwayiso kusengaphambili. Okunjalo anomaly like intambo izihibe amafomu yezici ingozi, izimpawu ezihlukahlukene ngenxa yezinkinga zidinga ukuziphatha okuthile ukuvimbela abagulela ukufa okuhlobene futhi ngokwempilo yangenyama.

Intambo obuphelele ngezizathu ezingaziwa ku-5% amacala kungase kube kuncane kunokwabanye 35 cm, futhi 5% isikhathi eside kunaleso 80 cm. izintambo iDemo enkabeni nomkhawulo futhi zingqubuzana nokucabanga okuhluzekile intrauterine ukunyakaza kwengane futhi udale ingozi lamabutho kwanoma placenta. Too eside enkabeni intambo izihibe neqhaza ezingenzeka embungwini, okungukuthi intambo izihibe kungenzeka ngenxa ukwakheka ifindo kweqiniso. Ukulinganisa ubude umzanyana prenatally (ngamanye amazwi, ngaphambi ukulethwa), akunakwenzeka. Kodwa ISIZINDA kweqiniso ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingase zimiswe ku umzanyana kanye amasayithi zamanga. On ISIZINDA kweqiniso zimelela cishe 1% abakhulelwayo nge ingxenye eliphezulu amacala twins monochorionic. ISIZINDA Amanga (egoba izitsha umzanyana) ijwayeleke kakhulu, kodwa akayona ingozi embungwini.

Iqiniso intambo inhlangano kwenzeka ngenxa ukunyakaza umbungu futhi kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa kusaqalwa okukhulelwa uma kukhona lemali elikhulu amniotic fluid (amniotic fluid), ngakho ukuhamba umbungu babubukhulu ngokwengeziwe. Ingozi kumiswa ISIZINDA kweqiniso encike ngqo kwi yobudala unina, ubude umzanyana kanye nenani-amniotic fluid. ukucindezeleka njalo futhi ukwandisa ezingeni adrenaline e usizo igazi ukwandisa ukuhamba kwe-fetus.

Okungenzeka intambo izihibe diagnoztsiruyut ka hypoxia fetus phakathi ucwaningo Cardiotocographic. Khona-ke isifundo echographic kwenziwe, lapho khona kubhekwa izihibe ezakhiwe umzanyana esifundeni entanyeni. Futhi baphathe umbala Doppler cwaningo futhi ufunde ukuhamba kwegazi ngokusebenzisa izitsha. Ukuze esolwa hypoxia fetus, lapho kuqhutshwa lezi zifundo aphindaphindwe phakathi nokukhulelwa sowesifazane izikhathi eziningana ngenxa fetus ukunyakaza amayunithi abakwazi kuphela wayephambanisa, kodwa futhi efuna nokuxazulula izinto. Entwining umzanyana ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kubangela bradycardia fetus. Nciphisa ingozi ukuvumela ukuqapha okuqhubekayo of inhliziyo fetus, futhi lisetshenziswa ukusheshisa ezishukumisayo zomsebenzi, futhi esimweni ukuhlinzwa oluphuthumayo ukwenziwa isizinda esiphuthumayo umbungu - Ukubeletha.