Inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria. Ethandwa izivakashi Sofia

Sofia amahle ubudala ngemfudumalo iyakwamukela izivakashi zayo, obonisa ocebile inhloko-dolobha ngokwayo nabantu bonke ezweni elihle Bulgaria. Kuningi yokuvela nemizwelo igodla sebelazi izivakashi dolobha - izibonelo bhá we medieval izakhiwo, iminyuziyamu, yeshashalazi, amapaki, izikwele, izimakethe, izitolo Antique, zokudlela esinobungane futhi nezinye izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo.

Umlando Sofia kuhlehlela emuva ka zeminyaka ukujula. Izwe ku okuyinto inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria, ngenkathi i-Neolithic lalihlala abantu bakudala. Ku-VII. BC. e. Lapha kwakukhona emzini Serdica. Igama lanamuhla elithi - Sofia (ngesiGreki - "ukuhlakanipha") - edolobheni lithole ekhulwini XIV. Wayelethwa izikhathi eziningi, ubhubhe lidlule isuka kwesinye isandla iye, kwaba elaliyisikhungo esibalulekile Second Bulgarian Empire, futhi kusukela ngo-1382 wayekade ngaphansi kokubusa Turkish. Isimo "inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria" Sofia lithole kuphela ngo-1879, bese kancane kancane zaqala ukushintsha ukuma nge-Ottoman European. Ngenhlanhla, lo Abantu baseBulgaria bangabantu uyakwazi ukugcina inkumbulo zomlando. Kuze kube namuhla, umuzi omkhulu kuleli zwe wahlala abangaphezu kuka-250 izikhumbuzo zomlando obufakazela esidlule ezicebile futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, uSophia, okuyinto ebangele sici ezinjalo ukubukeka yenhloko-dolobha, njengoba inhlanganisela izitayela lathumela okuqondene amaqembu ezihlukahlukene futhi ubudala.

amasampula Sofia zigcinwe kakhulu izakhiwo sebuningini isonto. Rotunda of St George lakhiwa amaRoma ngekhulu IV maphakathi sokuhlala kombusi Konstantina Velikogo. Ekuqaleni kwalo lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela yokubhapathiza - isakhiwo nokugcwaliseka isiko ubhapathizo ke njengoba ibandla lamaKristu, futhi ngemva kokunqotshwa ekupheleni kwekhulu XIV. -Turks Bulgarian sashintshwa saba lamaSulumane. Museum is ligcinwe esontweni endala Sofia.

Inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria ubizwa ngokuthi yokudumisa izakhiwo emangalisayo lasendulo - the Hagia Sophia, esethulwa eMihlanganweni Yesigodi ethi Isitembu avikele umuzi. Kuyinto omdala (esakhiwa VI.) Ekusebenzeni sesonto lobu-Orthodox emhlabeni. On the indawo yethempeli kuyinto Tomb of the Soldier engaziwa, futhi eduze, epaki ethokomele futhi enhle - elinye ukuthatheka ezithakazelisayo - Isikhumbuzo odokotela, elalinikezelwe izisebenzi Russian yezokwelapha futhi empi abafa empini Russian-Turkish.

Cathedral of St Alexander saseNevsky ithatha maphakathi isikwele elibizwa ngegama lakhe. I ngokubabazekayo ithempeli lesikhumbuzo Yakhiwa njengophawu okubonga kubantu Russian ukuze kukhululwe Bulgaria ejokeni WaseTurkey futhi anikezelwe umxhasi sasezulwini uMbusi u-Alexander II, St Aleksandru Nevskomu.

Inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria iphuzu confluence ko-Yurophu futhi Oriental. Sofia ingenye endala emathempelini amaSulumane e-Europe, ngokuthi Banya Bashi, elisho Russian "eziningi nokugeza." Isibonelo esihle bokwakha WaseTurkey Yakhiwa ngekhulu XVI on spa zemvelo ezishisayo.

Kubathandi kweqiniso ikhambo inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria - omunye Imizi eminingi yasendulo evoropeyskih - ezikhangayo hhayi kuphela anhlobonhlobo ezikhangayo. nature enhle, iziphethu eziningi amaminerali, isisindo abalulekile imicimbi yamasiko ezenzeka lapha ingqalasizinda ukubeka Sofia ziyingxenye ezokuvakasha izikhungo ezinkulu emhlabeni.