Ingabe i-fungus izingulube ezidliwayo noma ezinobuthi?

Abaqoqi be-mushroom abamakhelwane kungenzeka bahlangane nokuphakama kwehlobo i- mushroom engavamile ebizwa ngokuthi i- ngulube. I-fungus iyingcosana (noma i-Paxillus involutus) ikhula emahlathini ase-coniferous and deciduous, kanye nasemapaki, emigwaqeni, ezindaweni zokulahlwa kwemfucuza, endaweni engafanele futhi ngisho naphakathi kwama-anthills. Lokhu kuchaza igama layo, elijwayele abantu. Amakhowe angama-swine ahlukumezekile futhi angakhethi ekukhethweni kwendawo yokukhula.

Izithelo zanele isikhathi eside - kusukela phakathi noJuni kuya ku-Okthoba. Ikhula emaqenjini amakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ihlanganisa izindlela zayo futhi idale amaketanga namasongo. Ngaphandle, i- fungus yezingulube iyinqwaba enesisindo esinamahloni ngesiqu esifushane. Isigqoko sibukeka njengemiphongolo enezingqimba ezigobile. Ingafinyelela ku-20 cm ububanzi, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso kuba ngu-10-12 cm. Ekuqaleni iyisicaba, kodwa njengoba ikhula iba umfutho we-funnel ocindezelekile phakathi nendawo. Isigqoko asihlali ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesimo sokuzungeza esifanele, ngokuvamile ngezingqimba eziboshiwe noma isimo esingavamile. Umbala - kusuka obala obomvu kuze kube mnyama. Ubuso be-mushroom wonke bubuhlungu, buzwa i-velvet. Kubonakala kunene kakhulu, kodwa ngokushesha kuphenduka uthuli, ikakhulukazi phansi kwebhasikidi.

Ingulube yamakhowe (isithombe ngenhla) ibhekisela ku-lamellar. Umbala wamacwecwe ungcolile-ophuzi, uma ucindezelekile, umkhondo omnyama ukhona, izingxenye ezinomile ezomile ziyashesha ngokushesha. Umlenze uvame ukukhula okungaphezu kwezingu-9 cm, ububanzi - kusuka ku-1.5 kuya ku-2 cm, buphakathi nendawo, kaningi kancane kancane kuguqulelwe ekugcineni kwekhanda. Inyama isinyene, iphuzi ekunqunyeni, bese isundu, ngokuvamile ihlaselwa yizibungu.

Ngokuvamile kakhulu ungathola ezinye izinhlobo - i-Paxillus atromentosus, noma i-fungus ibanzi, futhi kuphela emahlathini okuthiwa i-coniferous emigqumeni yezihlahla. Ukubukeka kwayo akungabazeki ngenxa yokunambitheka okubabazayo okubabazayo. Yebo, futhi ibonakala ingaqondakali - njalo umlenze ohlangothini, i-cap ne-edges engalingani, i-asymmetric, i-odorless futhi inomzimba onzima kakhulu. Ngokungangabazeki, lawa amakhowe akhona ekupheleni kohlu lwazinamathiselo zokupheka.

Naphezu kwalokhu, ukunambitheka kwengulube yama-mushroom kuncane kakhulu (okungafani nokuqina). Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo eRussia, le nhlobo yayisetshenziselwa ukudla - abilisiwe, usawoti, ugosiwe. Kuze kube manje, kunezimpikiswano mayelana nokuqinisekiswa, njengoba i-fungus inezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi izingulube ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi bathola ukuba khona kobuchopho kanye nezinhlayiya. Ngokwemvelo ngayinye isabela kulezi zinyosi, umuntu unobuthi obuhlungu kusukela ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi umuntu akanakho ukuzwa okubuhlungu. I-Muscarin - ubuthi obuqukethwe e-fly agaric, buyatholakala nasezingulube. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe nokuphindaphindiwe, ukubhujiswa kwama-erythrocyte egazini kuyabonakala.

Ochwepheshe bathi ingulube uhlobo lwami lokulibaziseka. Uma ubuhlungu obunobuthi abuzange bube khona okokuqala, imiphumela eminye ingase ihluke kakhulu - kuze kube yilapho kubonakala khona nokufa. Kubalulekile ukukhipha ngokuphelele le fungus ekudleni kwezingane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uma ezinye izinhlayiya kanye ne-toxin zanyamalala ngesikhathi sokushushumbisa ukushisa, ama-isotopes aqoqiwe emsakazweni we-copper kanye ne-cesium ahlala emathinini we-fungus. Izibonakaliso eziyinhloko zobuthi zibuthakathaka, ubuhlungu obufayo, isizungu, ubuhlungu esibindi. Futhi, ukuthunjwa okunobuthi oluningana kwakubhalwa ngomphumela odabukisayo kakhulu.