Indlela yokwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini ngezandla zakhe?

Uma bephethe suburban ingcebo, cishe wake wacabanga yini ukuthi ukwandisa isikhala ephilayo. Hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi namandla ezezimali kanye amandla ukuthola ikhaya elisha noma ngilakhe kabusha, okukhipha kungenzeka ukwandisa indawo izakhiwo ezikhona kakade. Uma noma iyiphi ukwakhiwa okunjalo isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukwakha isizinda kwekhwalithi isandiso.

umklamo Izici

Uma uphakamisa umbuzo kanjani ukwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini, kufanele ulalele umbono wezazi abakuxwayisa yisisekelo-design efanayo njengoba isisekelo sesakhiwo esikhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izisekelo ezahlukene kungaba uxhumana inhlabathi ngendlela yalo, okungase kubangele ukuncipha ezahlukene. Ngakho musa skimp nokwakha izisekelo eyizingqabavu okufanayo. Ngaphambi indlela yokwenza isisekelo ngoba isandiso endlini, kufanele ukhethe enye ezintathu izindlela ukuxhuma ngezizathu ekhona. Eyokuqala ihilela kumiswa lesisekelo Monolithic, okuzokwenza ukuthi uxhumeke obukhulu ukuqinisa metal. Eyesibili indlela kuhilela ezimele ukwakhiwa nomunye lezisekelo, phakathi esemgwaqweni ilunga ukunyakaza. Esesithathu ubuchwepheshe - isisekelo inqwaba-Helical. Ngaphambi bathele base kufanele bacabangele lokho kungaba isandiso nobukhali iziphi izici kwenhlabathi.

Foundation ucezu uphelele ukwakhiwa, esasivutha iminyaka eminingi, futhi ngenxa inhlabathi iyunifomu enganikanga ukuncipha. Kungenjalo, kutuswa ukwenza isisekelo ehlukile, yokuxhuma ngayo base nge ngokuhlanganyela ukunwetshwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indlela yokudala isisekelo likhethiwe, kufanele lalihlehliswa esiningi njengoba wangcwatshwa phansi endlini enkulu. Ngezinye izikhathi isisekelo lisetudlwana banikezwe ukuncipha.

Isisekelo ukuqinisa kanzima

Lapho sibhekene umsebenzi phambi kwakho, indlela yokwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini, ungakha base kwi ukuqinisa kanzima, okuyinto efanelekayo ekhaya aqine. Ukuncipha okwamanje lokugcina ekuqaleni ngokwenani lomsebenzi wokwakha igcwaliswe. Asihambisani lo mklamo ugonyuluka nenhlabathi.

Le ndlela yokwenza umsebenzi

Ekuqaleni, udinga ulinganise ukujula nobukhulu balezi base ubudala, kuphela emva usukulungele ukulungiselela emseleni. Ukujula kwawo akufanele sibe ngaphezu kwesisekelo ukujula. Ngo ngesisekelo endala izimbobo wazalela ngenhloso ububanzi lithé ukuba likhudlwana kune ububanzi valve. Hole ukujula kufanele azimisele ngokuvumelana le ndlela elandelayo: ubukhulu salokhu ukuqinisa kufuneka iphindaphindwe 35. Uma ububanzi phansi emgodini alanele, valve kumele kube umgomo, lokhu kwenziwa ekupheleni kwesigaba longitudinal, futhi ngemva isethi proppants ifaka. Le ndlela ukulungisa ukuqinisa uthembeke ngokwanele.

Ngokusebenzisana armature

Uma ecabanga indlela yokwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini izitini, indlela ngenhla uphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukubala inani nemigoqo. Ukuze iluphu avaliwe leli imiklamo emisha ngokuvamile zidinga izakhi-20 per imitha square isisekelo. Ababamele cut engela grinder noma nge umshini Emery. Uma sikhuluma circuit evulekile, inani izinduku yokugcizelela kungaba azimisele kumuntu ngamunye, kuya ububanzi isisekelo esizayo. I izimbobo kufanele yamba ukufaka nemigoqo, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kokuba izinjongo zabo basuke eziphothene washers.

Kaningi handyman nesithakazelo indlela yokwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini. Ukwenyuka egumbini ngeke asebenze. Ukukhuluma okungenhla, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kwezinye izenzo zihlanganisa ukusungulwa the formwork, okuyinto uvumelane nokufakwa. Isikhala okuholela ligcwele ukhonkolo. Ikhambi Ngaleso sikhathi esisele ukuqedela solidification, okwathi ngemva kwalokho inkosi ungaqala ukuze kwakhiwe imisebenzi.

Uma uxhumano elukhuni izisekelo

docking Hard isetshenziswa esimweni lapho isandiso kuhlanganiswe main ukwakhiwa kophahla ezivamile, kanye nokuba khona base tape. Le ndlela elisekela yokuxhuma isetshenziswa esimweni lapho isakhiwo columnar isethwe esisekelweni futhi kokungathembeki kwenziwa base. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi lesi sakhi kufanele abe ukuphakama ezidingekayo futhi ububanzi. izakhi elihlangana Ngesandla Esiqinile ezimbili kwesakhiwo ingasetshenziswa ne melkozaglublennogo isisekelo ibhande uhlobo, lapho engena omunye Monolithic lwesistimu.

Kumiswa isisekelo ahlukene

Ngaphambi kokuba ungibulale isisekelo isandiso endlini kusukela ibha, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ukuthi indlela ethandwa kakhulu futhi elula ukwakhiwa lesisekelo ehlukile. Kulokhu isisekelo uzobe elise usondele ngokwanele ukwakhiwa main, futhi kufanele usethe phakathi ukunwetshwa izakhiwo ngokuhlanganyela. ungqimba umsebenzi ukuvikela isakhiwo kusukela ukusonteka futhi ngokuhlaziya ngesikhathi ukuncipha. Ukwakha umphetho Kumelwe nigxilise umswakama ukumelana nangokuvikela impahla, donsa noma ukufulela wazizwa. Njengoba sazi ukuthi ukwakhiwa isazoqhubeka hlala phansi, ngibeke isisekelo kufanele aqede ephakeme.

Ubuchwepheshe umsebenzi

Uma ecabanga indlela yokwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini, isithombe akhuthazwa ukuba ayicabangele kusengaphambili. Bona kuzokuvumela ukuba baqonde lokho ubuchwepheshe kungcono kakhulu ukuba afeze umsebenzi. Igebe phakathi isizinda ezintsha nezindala lapho ukwakha isisekelo ahlukene kufanele kube 5 amasentimitha. Ngaphambi ekuqaleni base concreting isetshenziswa ibhodi siphelile embozwe ungqimba ungangenisi amanzi. Esikhathini esizayo, lezi zinto bazocula indima joint ukunwetshwa. Uma kukhona isandiso encane omunye phansi ke tando suffice umphetho kabani ukujiya kuyinto 2 cm. Ukugcwalisa isikhala okuholela Kungafezani thermally nangokuvikela impahla, njengoba kaningi kuphuma penoplex noma Foam. A sealant ungakwazi ukuvala igebe, emelanayo imithelela weathering. Ngaphandle zonke kungaba imaski ipuleti zokuhlobisa.

Isisekelo isandiso ekhaya amabhlogo Kungenzeka adalwe lobu buchwepheshe, njengoba kuyintando efaneleka kakhulu.

Ukudala isisekelo pier

Uma isandiso Kusolwa ukuma izinto ukukhanya ngokuvumelana uhlobo ukhuni, ukhetho engcono kungaba engabizi isisekelo kwezinsika. Uma Ubukhulu ayizikhombisi elilinganiselwe amamitha 7x3, kwanele ukulungisa izinsika 6 asekelayo. Umhlabathi uzodinga bayamba umgodi, poring ngaphansi komugqa frost. Ngesikhathi isihlabathi phansi airbag wabeka efakwe nokufakwa, fiberglass, futhi ngemva formwork liyadingeka ngosayizi. I kwaphumela isikhala eziyize kufanele igcwaliswe ngokhonkolo, kanye nesidingo ukwandisa ukuphakama izisekelo kudingekile ukwenza laying ngezitini ezibomvu.

Base phezu kwezingodo

Lapho abakhi abangochwepheshe ucabanga indlela yokwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini, avame kakhulu yakhetha indlela yokwakha base ku isikulufa yinqwaba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lokhu design ezishibhile kakhulu futhi kulula ukuba izakhiwo ezincane. Njengomunye lokususa kuphuma ezifweni ukugqwala, kodwa luqedwe by ukwelashwa anti-ukugqwala. umsebenzi Ukufakwa uzokwazi nokuqalisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka emva kokuphothulwa umsebenzi ovunyelwe uqhubekele ukwakhiwa olwengeziwe. Ukuze uthole into encane kungenziwa screwed ku ukusekelwa ngokwayo, okuyinto kuzonciphisa izindleko ukusebenza.

ukulungiselela ukhonkolo

Ngaphambi kokuba ungibulale isisekelo isandiso endlini ngezandla zakho siqu, une ukubuza indlela ukhonkolo kwenziwa nomkhombe kwesokudla. izinga layo kuzoncika impumelelo emsebenzini olwengeziwe. I mnyama umbala usimende, i-namandla ukuthola ingxube. Uma ungazange sikunambithe inqubo ukuxuba, kumelwe sikhumbule kulandzelana lokufanele ukubeka izingxenye mixer. Ekuqaleni kukhona amanzi, amatshe base bebeka, isihlabathi usimende. Ukulandelana kufanele ilandelwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukufana. Kuze zonke izingxenye kukhona okuxubile, usimende mixer kufanele ezifakiwe, kodwa ngesikhathi lonke imishini imoto ekwazi ukukala izithako niwalethe batch esilandelayo.

isiphetho

Uma ngaphambi izinqubo zavela kanjani ukwenza isisekelo isandiso endlini amabhlogo, ungasebenzisa izincomo ngenhla. Zidinga ukusetshenziswa imishini efanelekayo mechanical yokuhlanganisa isixazululo. Lokhu kuzovimbela kumiswa umthungo phakathi laphakathi wathela.