Indlela yokunakekela i-zmyokulkas ekhaya ngendlela efanele?

I-Zamiokulkas njengenkambiso yekamelo ayengaziwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-XX. Ukuthengiswa kwayo okukhulu kwaqala ezinqabeni zaseDutch. Manje lena isitshalo esithandwayo esiseduze hhayi nje kuphela phakathi kwabantu abathandayo, kodwa futhi phakathi kwabaqeqeshi ezindaweni eziluhlaza. Lokhu kubangelwa izimfanelo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa nokungazitholi, okubonakala nge-zamiokulkas. Indlela yokutshala nokumnakekela, ikakhulukazi isakhiwo nokukhiqiza - ngakho konke okufundwe kulesi sihloko.

On i-zamiokulkas kuyadingeka ukuba unake kuqala kokuqala ukuhluma izimbali, onokuhlangenwe nakho okuncane ekukhuleni izitshalo zasendlini. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi isilwane sakho esiluhlaza siyidinga nokuthi siyithandani, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi livelaphi, kanye nezici zayo ezibonakalayo.

I-Zamiokulkas: incazelo

I-Zamiokulkas ingokwezifiso zomzimba futhi yizinhlobo zayo kuphela. Ngokokuqala ngqa incazelo yakhe yezitshalo yenziwa ngumqokeleli wezitshalo ezishisayo zaseK. Loddges. Manje i-zamiokulkas zamielistnyj, okuthiwa ifana nokufana kwamafomu amaqabunga e-zamii, kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana ngaphansi kwegama elithi Loddzhesesa ne-lanceolate.

Umhlaba wezwe wesitshalo yiZanzibar, East Africa naseMadagascar. Ungummeleli ophansi, okuchaza ukuphikiswa kwakhe okuphezulu ekuthungeni. Kuyini iZamiokulkas? Indlela yokunakekela, izithombe, amathiphu nezincomo - konke lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngezansi.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwethu isitshalo se-herbaceous esihlala isikhathi eside esine-rhizome yesifo sofuba. Amaqabunga ayinkimbinkimbi, ahlaziyekile, ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka amnyama, angafinyelela ku-1 m. Nakuba lesi sitshalo sibhekwa njengesiqhakala, uma isomiso singashiya amaqabunga.

In zamiokulkasa inflorescence imperceptible, okuyinto hhayi ubuhle obukhethekile kakhulu futhi charm. Kuyinto indlebe yokukhanya okhilimu okhanyayo, okwakhiwa nge-peduncle encane. Isigqoko esincane esincane, esiluhlaza siwufihla phakathi kwamaqabunga. Ezimweni zegumbi lembali zivela ngokungajwayelekile kakhulu futhi kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo ezindala kakhulu. Kungaba nengqondo ukuqala ingxoxo mayelana nendlela yokunakekela kahle i-zamiokulkasom. Kumele kube kanjani endlini, indlu noma ihhovisi? Ukukhethwa kwendawo kuncike ezintweni ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukukhanyisa nokushisa kwemoya.

Ukushisa nomswakama

I-Zamiokulkas ingumntwana wezindawo ezishisayo, ngakho-ke uthanda ukufudumala. Okusemandleni akhe kuyoba umbuso obala kusukela ku-+20 kuya ku -25 ° C. Kodwa-ke, endaweni ehlanganisiwe, ingakhula ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibanzi. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sinesimo sokuphumula. Udinga ukushisa okupholile (kusuka ku- +16 kuya ku-+18 ° C, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi) nokuphuza okungavamile. Khumbula ukuthi i-zmiokulkas ibucayi kakhulu ekushintsheni kokushisa. Uma ipholile kahle - lokhu kuyinto evamile, kodwa uma kunezimpande njalo, lesi sitshalo singashintsha futhi silahle amaqabunga.

Ukungcola komoya akulona indima ekhethekile ekutshaleni i-zamiokulkasa. Leli qiniso alikwazi kodwa lijabule, ngoba ezindaweni ezihlala emadolobheni ama air air ngokuvamile emile. Ngesinye isikhathi, kufanele usule amaqabunga esikhumba esitshalo ngendwangu emanzini esuka othulini oluqongelekile kubo. Kodwa yenza ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi ingxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo.

Ukukhanyisa

Ukwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-zamiokulkas ekhaya, ungakwazi kakhulu ukwenza inqubo elula kakade yokulima kwayo. Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zokunakekelwa ukukhanya. Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, i-zamiokulkas iyakwazi ukubekezelela i-shading, yingakho ingayithola kaningi emahhovisi amnyama. Qaphela ukuthi lokhu kuphela isici sokuguquguquka kwesitshalo esingenakuqonda. Ngokukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa okwenziwe ngokungafani, kuzoba nokubukeka okuningi okuhlobisa futhi kuthuthuke ngokwengeziwe kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo asithandi ilanga eliqondile futhi singathola ukushisa okukhulu. Uma ukhetha indawo ye-zamiokulkasa endlini, qaphela ukukhona kwezingqikithi efasiteleni noma phansi. Lesi sitshalo asithandi kakhulu. Khumbula ukuthi imidwebo ingenye yezimbangela ezinkulu zokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.

Umhlaba

Ukwamukela amahlumela anamandla ama-zamyoculcas namaqabunga ayo , kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi akusho ngokuphelele ukuzakhela kwenhlabathi. Imfuno kuphela yomsaka ukukhanya, umswakama kanye nokuphefumula emoyeni, okungeke kuvumele amanzi ukuba ahlume, futhi kube khona okungadingekile kwendaba ephilayo. Ukuze utshale i- zmiokulkas imbali (isithombe, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani, usakaze ngendlela yezitshalo - ngokuqhubekayo ematheksthini), ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa inhlabathi yonke inhlabathi noma ingxube yenhlabathi ye-cacti kanye ne-succulents.

Uma ungakwazi ukuwuthenga esitolo, ungawapheka wena. Hlanganisa ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo wageza isihlabathi esikhulu somfula, i-turf kanye nomhlabathi weqabunga, i-peat. Ngaphansi kwesibindi, uthele ungqimba lwamanzi ngendlela yobumba obunwetshiwe, okumele okungenani kube yi-1/4 yenani eliphelele.

Ukunisela

Amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi kanye nokuqhuma kwawo - lokhu akukwazi ukubekezelela i-zmiokulkas yezitshalo. Indlela yokumnakekela ngokwemigomo yokunisela, kubalulekile ukuqonda kanye nhlobo. Isimiso sinye: kungcono ukuba ngaphansi kwe-underload kunokuba uthule. Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganayo futhi kungavamile kakhulu: kanye ngesonto ehlobo kanye kanye ngenyanga ebusika. Masiwumise umhlabathi womhlaba ongekho kuphela emkhathini, kodwa futhi phakathi komqulu. Ungahlola lokhu ngokufaka umunwe wakho emhlabathini noma ulinganisa ibhodlela ezandleni zakho. Uma ungaqiniseki, kungcono ukuthi uphephe futhi ulinde enye izinsuku ezingu-1-2. Izindawo zokugcina umswakama eziqongelelwe emaqabungeni kanye neziqu, okwanele kulesi sitshalo salesi sikhathi esifushane. Gwema amanzi njalo epanini, njengoba ukunqwabelana kokuswakama kuwo kungaphazamisa isimo sezilimo eziyizigaxa futhi kuvuse ukubola kwabo.

Ukutshala umquba

Ukukhuluma ngendlela yokunakekela i-zamiokulkas ekhaya, asikwazi ukusiza kodwa ukukhuluma ngesihloko sokufaka umanyolo ngesitshalo (umuthi kanye / noma amaminerali). Qaphela ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zikhula kancane, futhi lokhu kuyisici sayo sokuphila. Ungalindeli ukuthola isihlahla esinamandla se-zamiokulkasa izinyanga ezimbalwa noma ngisho nonyaka. Ukwanda ngonyaka kunama-1-2 amashidi. Ukuzama ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwembali kunomsebenzi omkhulu hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyingozi.

Ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-organic akudingekile. Khetha amalungiselelo amaminerali anzima okuhloswe ngawo ama-cacti nama-succulents. Qaphela ngokucophelela umthamo okhonjisiwe kule phakheji, ngaphandle kwalokho ubungozi bokutshisa izimpande zesitshalo. Ukuqhathaniswa kokufaka umanyolo - kanye namaviki amabili ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo (ehlobo).

Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo

Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo njalo akuthandwa yibo bonke abameleli bezitshalo, kuhlanganise ne-homeokudive flower. Indlela yokumnakekela, sizobheka ngaphezulu. Lesi sitshalo singokwezibalo zalezo zintlobo ezakha uhlelo lwempande elinamandla kakhulu. Kunconywa ama-specimens amancane ukuba ashintshwe njalo eminyakeni engu-1-2, kancane kancane ukwandisa ubukhulu bebhodlela ngenani elilinganiselwe (4-5 cm ngaphezulu kunelokude ububanzi). Izitshalo ezindala akudingeki zihlupheke iminyaka engu-3-5, kufanele ziqondiswe ngesivinini sokukhula kwazo.

Izimpande ze-zamiokulkasa zinamandla kangangokuthi zingasula kalula isitsha sepulasitiki noma ziphule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlamvu amaningi futhi asindayo esitshalo angancipha, futhi imbali izowa. Ngakho-ke, okuthandayo kufanele kunikezwe ezimbizeni ezinzima neziqinile zobumba. Ukuguqulwa kwezitshalo ezinkulu nokufakelwa kwezitshalo zabantwana kungenye yezici ezibalulekile zombuzo wokunakekela i-zamyoculcas ekhaya.

Ngaphambi kokuqala le nqubo, ungamanzi isitshalo. Ukukhipha ngokucophelela kanye ne-clod yomhlaba kusuka ebhodweni elidala. Susa inhlabathi endala, susa izimpande ezomile noma ezigulayo, vumela isilonda soma, bese usitshala i-zamiokulkas embizeni entsha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinga lokungena kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele lihlale lifanayo. Okufanelekile, i-rhizome kufanele ihambise u-1-1.5 cm kuphela ngaphezulu.

Njengoba ufunde ngokujulile i-zmiokulkas yezitshalo (indlela yokunakekela okudingekayo, njll) futhi uhloniphe i-effektivnosti yayo nokungathobeki, ngokuqinisekile abaningi bazofuna ukuba namakhophi amaningana alezi zilwane ukuhlobisa indlu yakho noma wabelane nabangani. Ekhaya, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo kuphela kunokwenzeka. Ukuze uthole isitshalo esisha esisha, ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi ingxenye yesampula yomzali: i-rhizome, iqabunga lonke noma ingxenye yalo ngayinye.

Ukuphindaphinda ngokuhlukaniswa

Le ndlela iyona elula kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo. Susa isihlahla esikhulile esitshalweni, gxuma phansi bese uhlukanisa i-rhizome engxenyeni noma ezingxenyeni eziningana. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinso zonke zibe namafihlethi "azovuka" ngokushesha lapho utshala izitshalo bese unikeza amahlumela. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-zamiokulkasom ebhodweni, lapho ingakabi namaqabunga. Phonsa i-tuber, futhi uvuselele ukuhluma, menze imvelo ye-hothouse. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungakwazi ukumboza ibhodlela lokutshala ngesitshalo esisha ngefilimu yepulasitiki noma ingilazi, bese uyibeka endaweni efudumele.

Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings

Indlela yokukhiqiza i-zamioculcus yi-cuttings yinkinga encane kakhulu. Zingatholakala ngokusika zibe yizingxenye zeqabunga eliyinkimbinkimbi noma ukuzisebenzisa ngokuphelele. Esikhathini sokuqala, unqume ukusika omncane ngommese obukhali noma ngesibhakabhaka. Kufanele abe ngu-5-6 cm ubude futhi abe neshidi elilodwa. Ziqothule ngqo emhlabathini (sebenzisa inhlanganisela yesihlabathi esingavamile, njengesitshalo somuntu omdala), esembozwe ngesikhwama seplastiki noma isikhala seglasi (noma eplastiki).

Ngenxa yalokho, i-tuber encane kufanele ifake endaweni yeqabunga ngaphansi komhlaba, lapho izimpande nezinso zizokhula esikhathini esizayo - indawo yokukhula. Ungakhohlwa ukuvuthisa i-greenhouse ngezikhathi ezithile. Inqubo ye-tuber ukwakheka ayiyona esheshayo futhi ingathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa, futhi amaqabunga amasha azovela ngisho nangemva kwalokho - emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Yebo, ungayinakekela kanjani i-zamiokulkas ekhaya, usuvele usazi.

Ungasebenzisa futhi ishidi lonke le-zamiokulkas for propagation yemifino. Qalisa kabusha ngendlela efanayo. Noma ungabeka iqabunga emanzini bese ulinda ukubukeka kwezimpande, kodwa kukhona ingozi yokubola.

Izifo zmioculcus

I-Zamiokulkas isitshalo esinokuphikisana okukhulu kokubili izifo ze-fungal ne-bacterial, nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zisesekhona, futhi zihlotshaniswa ikakhulukazi ngamaphutha ekunakekeleni.

Cabangela okuyinhloko:

• Ukubekwa okungavumelekile. Uma isitshalo sisebusuku, ngokuqinisekile ulindele ukushisa emaqabunga.
• Ukunisela okungalungile yiyona evame kakhulu futhi isizathu esiyinhloko sesabelo sezingonyama sokungajabuli, esithathwe enkambisweni yokukhula ye-zamiokulkas. Ungayinakekela kanjani? Amaqabunga aphuzi esitshalo ngokuvamile akwanele, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu. Futhi isizathu, njengoba umthetho, ilula-ukuchelela njalo kwe-zamiokulkasa ngokuhlanganiswa nokushisa okuphansi kwemoya. Konke lokhu kubangela ukubola kwezimpande futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuphuza kwamaqabunga. Ungalondoloza isitshalo ekuqaleni kwesigaba. Yisuse emiphakathini yezimbali, ususe izimpande ezilimazayo, uzifafaze nge-powdered activated carbon, uphathe zonke (amaqabunga kanye ne-rhizome) ngesisombululo se- "Oxychoma" bese ushintsha inhlabathi.

• Umquba omningi. Ungazami "ukusabalalisa" ukukhula kwezitshalo ngosizo lwamalungiselelo akhethekile. Ukwandisa umquba kubangela ukufa kwezimpande.

Ukunqotshwa kwezinambuzane

Izinambuzane-izinambuzane zitholakala kuzo zonke izitshalo ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izitshalo zasendlini. I-Zamiokulkas (indlela yokunakekela, izindlela zokukhiqiza ezikhonjisiwe ngenhla) inamandla kakhulu. Amaqabunga ayo anamanzi avikelekile ngegobolondo lesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwesiguli, lesi sitshalo singabonakala. Uma igumbi lomoya omile kakhulu, isiqhumane singasala. Lapho uthola ukulandelana kokutholakala kwalezi zinambuzane, i-zamiokulkas kufanele iphathwe ngokuphuthumayo. Okokuqala, ungasebenzisa izindlela zomuntu: ukugeza amaqabunga ngesisombululo esincane, uphefa nge-tincture kagwayi. Uma lokhu kungakusizi, sebenzisa izinambuzane, isibonelo, amalungiselelo okuthi "Intavir", "Fitoverm", njll.

Naka

• Ijusi yesitshalo iqukethe izinto ezinobuthi ezingabangela ukuphazamiseka kokudla noma ukugula. Kulokhu, kufanele uqaphele ukufakelwa kabusha i-zamioculcas nokusika izihlahla. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa amaglavu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zama ukugcina isitshalo kude nezingane ezincane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
• I-Zamiokulkas ku-floriculture yasendlini yasungulwa maduzane futhi iyinhlobo yemvelo engokwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka ka-2007, ababelethi babethula i-hybrid yokuqala yalesi sitshalo - izinhlobo ze-Zamicro, ezibonakala ngobukhulu bayo (hhayi ngaphezu kuka-60 cm ukuphakama) kanye namaqabunga amnandi kakhulu.

Uma ufuna indawo yakho noma ihhovisi elihlaba umxhwele, elingavamile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, bese ukhetha i-zamiokulka imbali. Indlela yokunakekela ekhaya, manje uyazi. Kwanele ukukhumbula ezimbalwa okuthunyelwe okuyisisekelo, bese ukulima kwe-zamioculcas kuzokuphendukela ekubeni umsebenzi onzima.