Indlela oda ku-inthanethi? Uphenyo Online Shopping: iqiniso noma ukukhohlisa

Online ukuhweba - omunye kumasegmenti ezanda umnotho wembulunga yonke futhi isiRashiya. Oda izimpahla ezitolo inthanethi sekuvame ngoba abaseRussia. Virtual "shopping 'izwe lethu libhekene ithandwa. Lokhu kubonakala ikhasimende funa, futhi isici imisebenzi yebhizinisi. Kukhona brand new. amabhizinisi amaningi isikhathi eside kwakukhona kuphela "okungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi", vula online shopping inthanethi.

Yini umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama kufanele kubhekwe lapho uthenga imikhiqizo 'virtual' imvelo? Indlela oda ku-inthanethi, futhi uma kudingeka, buyela ke?

Okokuqala, umlando kancane, futhi emakethe abahlaziyi.

Eyokuqala izitolo inthanethi emhlabeni

E-commerce ku-inthanethi - (Kodwa njengoba World Wide Web uqobo) into ngokulinganiswa ayemncane. Eminyakeni yokuqala khona isikhala virtual, akekho owacabanga ukuthi ngokusebenzisa i-Internet, ungakwazi ukuthenga futhi ukuthengisa izimpahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuze kube ngo-1990, ukusetshenziswa iziteshi inthanethi ingeyezentengiso uvinjelwe kwamanye amazwe (ikakhulukazi US). Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinkampane isibe osvavatsya esikhaleni ebonakalayo. Imikhawulo ukusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano-Inthanethi zisusiwe.

Kakade ngo-1994 wabonakala ku-intanethi-Amazon, kamuva owaba ngomunye wabadlali ngobukhulu emhlabeni wonke ukuhweba emakethe online. Ngawo lowo nyaka wafika inkampani yokuqala ukuhlinzeka osomabhizinisi ukusiza enhlanganweni izinkokhelo inthanethi (ikakhulukazi, yazihlanganisa inkampani Okokuqala Virtual). Ngo-1996, izinhlelo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni lokukhokha, nge Visa kanye MasterCard, ziye zasungula zokuxhumana ezijwayelekile ekhethekile lapho-Inthanethi owayengakhokha ikhadi.

Manje ngevolumu global e-commerce emakethe imayelana $ 1.2 trillion. AseMelika.

Eyokuqala online shopping eRussia

Domain «Ru» wayaziwa ukuthi kubhaliswe ku 1994. Cishe ngokuphazima kweso baqala ukuvela prototypes amawebhusayithi, okuyinto namuhla abasijwayele: izindaba, ukuzijabulisa, kanye Intanethi, okungase kuthathe ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo. I ukuyothenga inthanethi yokuqala, ngokusho kongoti, azikwazanga amaphrojekthi yimpumelelo kakhulu. Okokuqala, ngenxa yokuthi phakathi naleyo minyaka engu-Inthanethi, sebenzisa inombolo encane kakhulu izakhamuzi. Okwesibili, bethenga online sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ngokuphelele exotic, futhi bembalwa kakhulu abantu omethembayo nabathengisi "virtual".

Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuhweba online kwashesha. Omunye Russian ayeba ezitolo inthanethi yokuqala kubhekwa, ngokukhethekile, Books.ru iphrojekthi (kwebhuku). It wethulwa 1996 futhi usebenza ngempumelelo kuze kube manje.

Lokhu kowezi-e-commerce e eRussia, befika engxenyeni kowezi-2000 yesibili. Ochwepheshe bathi lokhu kubangwa ekwandeni ezishibhile okukhipha iziteshi inethiwekhi emhlabeni wonke. Umbuzo nendlela oda izimpahla ku-intanethi, uyekile kube ezingavamile ngenxa baseRussia.

Manje ivolumu Russian okudayisa inthanethi emakethe - ruble engaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-540 .. Kule minyaka embalwa edlule, imali ingxenye abadlali kukhule 30-40% ngonyaka.

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke-Russian izitolo Inthanethi

Bangobani - kwekulu Russian online shopping? Omunye kunazo baqaphela izilinganiso umphakathi wezamabhizinisi Retailers online ukwenze umagazini lo nyaka Forbes.

Scenic uhlu abathengisi ngobukhulu online uthwebule isitolo electronics "Yulmart", inzuzo yenkampani kudlulwe $ 1 billion .. indawo Okwesibili - "Citylink" ababalelwa ezigidini 860 Imali, ezisebenza ingxenye efanayo njengoba umholi simo .. "Bronze" iwine esitolo WildBerries, bedayisa izingubo nezicathulo. Imali le umthengisi - abangaba yizigidi ezingu-530 zamaRandi ..

Phakathi kwezinye ezinkulu e-commerce abadlali emakethe - Isitolo Ozon.ru ne enzuzweni $ 350 million, isigqebhezana Biglion portal nge inzuzo esingeqile 330 million, portal "Holodilnik.Ru", wathola 310 million, kusho inkampani "Tehnopoynt" ... izimpahla ithengiswe kuwufanele 260 million., Faka izinkampani ezithengisa imikhiqizo eyenziwe ayizigidi ezingu-207., kanye corporations ezifana "V", "platypus" (umholo 206 million. 200 mln., ngokulandelana).

I-Top 20 simo, ihlanganiswe Forbes, sihlanganisa KupiVIP Intanethi, Vasko, Pixel24, Lamoda, E96 futhi eziningi nezinye brand owaziwa.

inthanethi amathemba ukuhweba eRussia

E-commerce ku-inthanethi - omunye kumasegmenti kakhulu ngamandla ekuthuthukiseni umnotho Russian. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphaliswano umkhakha, abahlaziyi bathi, unyaka nonyaka. Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi alufakwa ukukhula esiteji ngemuva. Manje emakethe ulinde nokwenza ehlelekile. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke-Russian izitolo Inthanethi, ngokusho kongoti, kancane kancane uyokwazi ukukhuluma ukuthuthukisa khona salo ezindaweni, inzuzo ezivela yokuthengisa Dynamics.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abahlaziyi ', ngo-2020 ivolumu yokuthengisa ingxenye okudayisa inthanethi eRussia ungase lifinyelele ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane 70 zamaRandi, futhi ngo-2025 - .. 100 000 000 000 Ukuthuthukiswa kwale umkhakha kuncike, izazi zikholelwa izinga imisebenzi Logistics amasevisi federal leposi , ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusabalalisa izinhlangano yangeqadi ethintekako nge ukulethwa kwezimpahla.

Imithetho elawula ukuhwebelana nge-Internet e-Russian Federation

E-commerce eRussia kuphethwe umthetho jikelele futhi ekhethekile. Cabanga imithombo abalulekile umthetho olawula ukuhwebelana nge-Internet e-Russian Federation.

Okokuqala, kungenxa the Civil Code. Iqukethe izimiso eziyisisekelo ubudlelwane phakathi nomthengisi kanye umthengi kokubili izinhlangano ngokomzimba futhi esemthethweni.

Okwesibili, uMthetho ku Wokuvikelwa Kwabathengi (izinhlelo yesimanje). Lesi isibonelo komthetho ekhethekile. It imininingwane ngesineke amalungelo abathengi, izibopho yomdayisi.

Okwesithathu, kuba zoMthetho Federal ku ukulawulwa isimo yohwebo izisekelo Russian Federation. Lesi senzo - Nasi esinye isibonelo sokubaluleka umthetho ekhethekile ku ukulawulwa eseduze umthombo odlule komthetho. Lesi sitifiketi owaziwa abahlaziyi abaningi njengoba umthetho oyinhloko izitolo inthanethi.

Okwesine, kuba Ukulungiswa Uhulumeni ezihlobene ukwamukelwa imithetho yohwebo "ukude"

Ezinye izenzo zomthetho ezibaluleke olawula ukudayiswa kwi-inthanethi:

1. FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa".
2. Rospotrebnadzor izincwadi ezihambisana ne ukulawulwa yokuthengisa kwezimpahla inthanethi.

Online ukuhweba ulimi olusemthethweni

Kumele mhlawumbe ukucacisa kahle ukuthi sivumele isishaya-mthetho Kushiwoni uma kukhulunywa "indlela kude" zokwenza ibhizinisi. Lokhu ukudayiswa, okusekelwe ezivumelwaneni waphetha ngokukhumbuza abathengi kanye nabathengisi ngokusebenzisa imigudu yokuxhumana. Kulokhu, komngane ngqo izimpahla kwenzeka kuphela uma lapho yamukelwa umthengi.

Nezimfuneko zomthetho online shopping

Sibala nezimfuneko ezithile kakhulu kwezomthetho bethenga inthanethi. izici Ngakho abaningi wesi ezithinta ingxenye ulwazi. Okungukuthi, umnini-sitolo inthanethi kufanele libekwe amakhasi ewebhu of ulwazi mayelana izimpahla. okungukuthi:

• ke, lokho anezakhi umkhiqizo Umthengi;
• lapho wenza;
• umsindo igama elisemthethweni nomkhiqizi;
• intengo nezinye izimo zokuthenga;
• ukuphila service (noma eshalofini) imikhiqizo;
• isikhathi isiqinisekiso;
• Inkokhelo inqubo kwezidingo.

Futhi, umnikazi esitolo online kuyinto ucacise indawo yehhovisi lakhe.

izidingo okuqinile kanjani kufanele kubhaliswe (bonisa) ulwazi, imithetho zingenalo. Umthengisi sowungashicilela ulwazi olufanele njengoba nokukhangisa, isichasiselo umkhiqizo noma ngesimo se-sipho yomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye abathengisi inthanethi ye izingubo nezicathulo zihlanganisa ulwazi lomkhiqizo amakhadi izincazelo zakhe, kanye neminye imininingwane - emakhasini wewebhu ezikhethekile.

Ngakho, Russian Retailers online aphoqelelwe ukubeka kumawebhusayithi wabo ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe kanjani oda izimpahla nge-inthanethi (bese ulithumela), yiziphi izici imikhiqizo adayiswa futhi inkokhelo ethile.

Izimfuneko ukukhangisa ku-intanethi ezitolo

Umthetho "Ngo Ukukhangisa" iqukethe eziningi izidingo esikhethekile izitolo inthanethi. Nazo ngokufanayo, ihlobana ukubhaliswa ngqo imiyalezo nokukhangisa. Ikakhulukazi, lolu lwazi kufanele zifakwe banner ingcaca noma umbhalo:

• igama nomthengisi kwezimpahla;
• esitolo indawo;
• BIN;
• Igama (uma umnikazi we-trade portal inthanethi - usomabhizinisi).

Manje-ke sifika ingxenye esisebenzayo: nezinqubo sokuthenga futhi libuyisele emuva izimpahla ezitolo virtual.

Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi inqubo "virtual" yezitolo?

elula kakhulu. Ngemva kokukhetha le nto (noma ezimbalwa ngamacebo akhe) kwisikhangisi esizeni umdayisi, umthengi Wenyusa kwezidingo zayo. The main ezintathu ongakhetha lapha:

• oda le mpahla kwezimpahla "Imeyili Russia" (noma omunye amayunithi yayo ibhizinisi - EMS, isibonelo) imali;
• uhlele ukulethwa yizithunywa;
• ukuze uthumele iphuzu esinegama kwezidingo kwezimpahla (ngokukhethekile, le ndlela inikeza esitolo online Ozon.ru)

izindlela zokukhokha

Ngokuvamile wamukele imithetho emakethe mayelana oda nganoma isiphi isigaba ukukhokhela izimpahla ayitholakalanga. Thenga Online kungadinga njengoba kusengaphambili, futhi uxazulule ukukhokha phezu kokuthola umkhiqizo.

Uma kusengaphambili liyadingeka, khona-ke Kwenziwa eyodwa yezindlela ezilandelayo:

• ikhadi plastic;
• ngokusebenzisa i-akhawunti yomuntu yokukhokhelana ( "Yandex.Dengi», QIWI, njll ...);
• ngokusebenzisa lokukhokha esibulalayo;
• ngokusebenzisa ebhange irisidi.

Njengomthetho, kule nokwakheka yesimanje online shopping sites babe ikhasi lewebhu, lapho ungakwazi ushiye imibono, abhale mayelana online ezitolo ukubuyekezwa. Bheka bawathole ewusizo kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthenga.

Izici exchange futhi ukubuya kwezimpahla umdayisi "virtual"

Njenga nje uma uthenga ezivamile, "off-line" izitolo, ukuthengiswa okuku-inthanethi, amakhasimende ungabuyela futhi exchange izimpahla ngokomthetho.

Okokuqala, umdayisi ubophekile ukushicilela ulwazi emakhasini isayithi kuwebhu esitolo sakhe mayelana lapho kuyadingeka ukuletha umthengi ezoshintshwaniswa noma ukubuyisa lezo zimpahla.

Ngenxa yokuthi umthengi okungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi ku-intanethi ezitolo okokuqala kusimo (Uma iyala ku-intanethi, ngeke ukwazi, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, uthinte noma zama umkhiqizo), amalungelo iklayenti sika "virtual" nomthengisi, ngokusho kongoti, Phendla ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuhlathulula ukungakhululeki ethile yabanikazi ezitolo inthanethi.

Omunye engokomfanekiso kakhulu ukubonakaliswa esiwusizo sokuba nezinto eziqondile kakhulu lokhu kuvikela ukuthi umthengi unelungelo eligcwele senqabe ukubhekana umdayisi kuze kube irisidi kwezimpahla (ngeposi noma courier izandla). Kulokhu yokuhlangabezana nazo zonke izindleko ukuthi umthengi wayengase afanelwe kuze kube manje, kumele inzuzo.

Ngokusho kwezinkambiso womthetho, ukubuya esitolo online kungenziwa ziqedwa ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa zokuthenga. Isimo obalulekile - kumele agcinwe ukubukeka yokuqala komkhiqizo.

Ukuthumela, Ibuyisa: ngabe lokhu kubaluleke kangaka?

Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa - baseRussia akuzona kakhulu aspect lobuchwepheshe kanjani oda umkhiqizo ku-intanethi. Khetha imikhiqizo uzikhokhele ukuthola bese ubuyela iningi abathengi can. namasevisi okuqasha for the kwezidingo kanye ngempahla kanye abathengisi yesimanje aqine.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu manje ukuze amakhasimende Russian ezitolo inthanethi - uhla ezingeni Consultancy ukwesekwa kanye ikhwalithi yezimpahla.

Izibuyekezo ethandwayo izitolo online

Omunye izinzuzo main yokuncintisana, ezivame ukuba abathengisi abaningi inthanethi - nokubuyekeza amakhasimende. Lokhu akusona isimanga: ngesimo sengqondo esihle amakhasimende olukhona, maningi amathuba ukuvela entsha, ngokuvamile benziwa uphinda ukuthenga. Ake ubone ukuthi ukubhala ukubuyekeza on the izitolo inthanethi amaklayenti abo Russian. Cabangela isibonelo ukubukwa ikhasimende ku abathengisi ezimbili ezinkulu Forbes uhlu angenhla.

amakhasimende Ozon.ru lwaleli esitolo inthanethi njengoba indawo lapho kukhona njalo ezihlukahlukene izimpahla. abathengi abaningi bathi ngamanani aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa ne Izitolo okungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi okudayisa. Kujwayele kuziwa izincwadi, ngezinye izikhathi - electronics.

Kukhona Ukukhetha elikhulu elinezincwadi. Abathengi adunyiswe isistimu, okuyinto esetshenziswa esitolo online, inani elikhulu izindlela zokukhokha. amakhasimende amaningi Ozon.ru injabulo enkulu uqaphele ukuthi kukhona kungenzeka ukuthatha into amaphuzu uphawu umagazini emadolobheni amaningi.

Ake sibone ukuthi angabukeka njani abathengisi ngobukhulu online izibuyekezo izingubo ikhasimende njengesibonelo lomunye umthengisi inthanethi ethandwa - Lamoda.ru. Amaklayenti e-inkampani kanye, ngokuvamile, waneliseke kakhulu nokukhetha kwethu. Wancoma isayithi Ukukhetha eziningi, ukulethwa fast. It kugcizelela ukuthi izimpahla ekutholweni yizithunywa ungazama. Uma angahambisani - ngokushesha wabuya.

Ukubuyekeza: Reality noma siyazikhohlisa?

Kukhona inguqulo iningi Izibuyekezo ezitholakele ku online shopping inthanethi kungukuthi eyabhalwa abathengi, ikakhulu waqasha laba bantu. Iqiniso lokuthi kumaphesenti athile ukubukwa virtual "siko" ngempela - yokuthi, singakwazi ithi ngokuvamile eyaziwa. Kulula ukuya "ezizimele" portal bese uthole umsebenzi ezihlobene ukuze ubhale isibuyekezo mayelana nanoma yisiphi isitolo inthanethi. Emihle noma emibi - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbono langempela nomuntu ngokubhala le umthengisi ebonakalayo.

Nokho, ukubala amaphesenti wokubuyekezwa inkohliso kuyinkinga. abasebenzisi Russian - ngokuvamile abantu emphakathini esebenzayo. Futhi ngakho-ke ungase ukuthole kahle isikhathi ukuze uthumele amazwana emakhasini ezitolo inthanethi, nje lesiveta luvo yangempela.

Iningi ezitolo inthanethi amakhasimende nakanjani funda ukubuyekezwa. Futhi ngisho nemisebenzi mini ngakho ezinye abathengi bayigugu kokubili ngokoMthetho ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi, futhi isici ekwazisa amakhasimende mayelana nezici ezitolo inthanethi.