Indlela kwezibalo - amanga noma idatha inhloso yokwenza izinqumo?

isitatimende Akwaziwa lapho izibalo ingenye 3 izinhlobo amanga eziza ngemuva kuka "amanga" futhi "amanga amabi," isibaluli Benjamin Disraeli, owayenguyise wamashumi amane amane yesibili (nezikhathi zenzeka engxenyeni 2nd kwekhulu le-19), Undunankulu wase-Great Britain . Nokho, esikhathini sethu, zabhalwa Disraeli, Mark Twain ikhangiswe kwenqatshiwe. Kodwa noma ngabe kunjalo, le nkulumo ochwepheshe abaningi bayaqhubeka ukuphinda emibhalweni yakhe futhi izitatimende zomphakathi, okuqukethwe oyinhloko okuyinto indlela ukuhlaziya ngokwezibalo. Njengomthetho, kuzwakala sengathi ihlaya, lapho kukhona yingxenye encane kuphela ihlaya ...

Izibalo - i-umkhakha oluqondile, elichaza indlela ukuqoqa, kuhlatiya nekuhumusha amavolumu enkulu idatha, kokubili qualitative ambalwa. Kumayelana ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene yesayensi ezingokoqobo zokuphila. Ngokwesibonelo, isicelo izibalo ukusiza ukukhetha ilungelo indlela kwezibalo ukwelapha zonke izinhlobo idatha ukuhlaziya. umsebenzi wezomthetho emkhakheni zobugebengu nokulawula phezu kwabo. Mathematical ithuthukisa izindlela zezibalo ukuhlela bese usebenzisa ulwazi ima- noma sesayensi. Izibalo zabantu uchaza amaphethini sabantu ukukhiqizwa kabusha. Umbuzo izibalo ikakhulukazi ukubhekana ne zezilimi ne-inthanethi.

Ukusebenzisa izindlela kwezibalo zinsuku ezibekelwe emuva okungenani kuya 5th ekhulwini BC Ezinye amarekhodi zokuqala iqukethe incwadi ebhaliwe ngawo-9 AD leminyaka. e. Okwe thwebule kakhulu isazi sefilosofi, udokotela, isazi sezibalo bese umculi Al-Kindi. Yanikeza incazelo eningiliziwe kanjani ukusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa imvamisa (histogram). New Chronicle eziphathelene ngekhulu le-14 futhi utshela indaba Florence, kubhekwa omunye wemisebenzi yokuqala emlandweni izibalo omuhle. Bakhandwa edonswa Florentine umnikazi Giovanni Villani, ahlanganisa ulwazi oluningi mayelana labantu, ukuphathwa, ezentengiselwano futhi ukuhweba, imfundo kanye izakhiwo zenkolo.

isicelo Early kwezibalo kuchazwe nenshisekelo isimo ukwakha izinqubomgomo umsindo demographically nangokwezimali. uhla yayo sanwetshwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 futhi wawuhlanganisa nokwenziwa ukuqoqwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemininingwane bebonke. Namuhla, le ndawo yolwazi kabanzi uhulumeni, abamabhizinisi, zemvelo kanye nesayensi yezenhlalo. izisekelo zayo zezibalo, isidingo esadaleka lapho utadisha ukugembula, babekwa ekhulwini le-17 kanye nokuthuthukiswa inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela okungenzeka zezibalo French Blaise Pascal futhi Pierre de Fermat. I kwezibalo indlela okungenani izikwele yaqale esachazwa Carl Fridrihom Gaussom azungeze 1794.

Ukwanda okusheshayo nokusekelweko Computing amandla kusukela engxenyeni kwekhulu lama-20 yesibili, kuye kwaba nethonya ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izibalo isicelo. Inguquko kukhompyutha iye yagxila entsha ku izingxenye zalo zokuhlola kanye enokwehla. Isiyatholakala ukuze inani elikhulu kokubili izinhlelo jikelele kanye ekhethekile, ngawo ungakwazi kalula ukusebenzisa umkhuba noma iyiphi indlela kwezibalo, kungakhathaliseki control amashadi, histograms, ukuhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa, lokuhlola, indlela babhekane nezinga elikhulu, Ishikawa umdwebo, noma ukuhlaziya Pareto.

Namuhla, izibalo ingenye amathuluzi okhiye ibhizinisi ngempumelelo kanye ukukhiqizwa inhlangano. It ikuvumela ukuba baqonde futhi ukukala Amathrendi kokuhlukana, okuholela ngcono inqubo control, kanye ngcono ikhwalithi imikhiqizo kanye namasevisi. Ngokwesibonelo, abaholi kokusebenzisa izibalo izindlela ukulawula izinga, kuyothi, njengoba umthetho, izinqumo ezinolwazi, ngaleyo ndlela ukuphathwa lusebenza ngendlela efanele futhi kuletha imiphumela elindelekile. Ngakho-ke, izibalo kuleli cala, kuyisihluthulelo, futhi mhlawumbe ithuluzi okuthembekile kuphela.

Ikhono ukhethe futhi kahle usebenzise indlela kwezibalo ivumela iziphetho okuthembekile hhayi ukudukisa onikele ukuhlaziywa idatha. Ngakho-ke, ukubhekisela njalo ochwepheshe amazwi ubudala mayelana 3 degrees samanga kumele lithathwe ngokuthi nesixwayiso amaphutha ingalahlekisa futhi yakha isisekelo izinqumo ezithathwe nge nemiphumela elimaza kakhulu.