Imithi elwa namagciwane eshibhile: izibonelo yokusetshenziswa

Umkhuhlane kungadalwa hhayi kuphela amagciwane. Kaningi iphutha yempilo ebuthaka amabhaktheriya esifo ezingasetshenziswa ukulwa kuphela ngemithi elwa namagciwane. imithi elwa namagciwane amaningi engabizi basonta isizukulwane esidala nomthelela Amagciwane izintandokazi. Cabanga imithi eminye esebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu kulesi sigaba.

Lapho imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela ezidingekayo?

Cishe wonke umuntu ebhekene ukubonakaliswa izimpawu imikhuhlane izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. ekhaleni stuffy, imfiva omnene, umphimbo obuhlungu - izimpawu zokuqala-SARS. Sebenzisa kuleli cala, ngisho imithi elwa namagciwane engabizi akudingekile. izingxenye ezikhona ingxenye izidakamizwa ezifana musa kuthinte ukusebenza igciwane.

In the ukungabikho nokuphatha kahle izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njalo zenzeka njengoba inkinga ka izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Yikuphi kungenziwa kunqunywa isimo ukuwohloka, imfiva, lymphadenopathy, nobuhlungu obukhulu endaweni emphinjeni. Ungase futhi uthole ukukhwehlela, indlebe ubuhlungu, koqweqwe amalaka. Lezi zimpawu zivamise ukwenzeka 5-6 izinsuku SARS.

Imithi elwa namagciwane akuzona yini ukumelana staphylococci futhi streptococci. Amagciwane, kungazisiza zijule zidlule umgudu wokuphefumula, okuzokwenza senze isimo sishube nokulondoloza kwesikhathi yokutakula. Ukuvimbela yezinkinga, nani nidinga isikhathi ukuze uqale ukuphuza imithi elwa namagciwane ngoba imikhuhlane. imithi engabizi futhi ngempumelelo ebekwe udokotela, ikhumbula uhlobo ejenti causative izifo, yobudala isiguli izici isifo. Ngokuvamile, basuke Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe therapy eziyinkimbinkimbi.

zozifozonke

Ekhona imithi elwa namagciwane engenzeka ukucindezela esiphelweni kwamagciwane abangela izifo noma ukubanga kwaba sekufeni kwabo. Esimweni sokuqala sikhuluma nomphumela bacteriostatic, kanti eyesibili - a amagciwane. amaphilisi anamuhla benomthwalo ukuthi nomunye indlela ithonya empilweni kwamagciwane abangela izifo. Yikuphi imithi efanelekayo endabeni ethile kungaba azimisele kuphela udokotela.

Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela ebekiwe ekulweni imikhuhlane:

• Penicillins - ejenti ongaphakeme-enobuthi lapho ingasetshenziswa imithamo emikhulu. Kungenzeka zemvelo, semisynthetic and zokwenziwa. Kungakubangeli side effects kanye abe lama- Izimo. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa izidakamizwa ezifana "Amoxicillin", "Ospamoks", "Amoxiclav", "Flemoksin Soljutab".
• Cephalosporins - imithi elwa namagciwane ayibizi kakhulu. Lapho kubanda avame kakhulu yaphathwa ngendlela umjovo (ngemithambo yegazi noma intramuscularly). Ifomu ithebhulethi ( "Cephalexin" "Zinnat", "Supraks" "Cefixime") izidakamizwa lamadigri imiphumela zokwelapha ziye obuhlukahlukene.
• Macrolides - omunye antibiotic nephephile. "Erythromycin" "Clarithromycin", "azithromycin" ukungabekezelelani ekhethwe iqembu penicillanic kusho.
• Fluoroquinol - nomphumela amagciwane futhi ukukhiqiza lokuhlala eliphezulu ezicutshini. isizukulwane yakamuva izidakamizwa ( "Ciprofloxacin", "Levofloxacin") asetshenziswa nezifo zokuphefumula Yiqiniso ezingamahlalakhona.

Kanjani ukukhetha?

Sithathe oshibhile ezibanzi-spectrum-antibiotic ngaphandle kosizo onguchwepheshe kunzima ngempela. izidakamizwa ngamunye ukhiqiza umphumela zayo zokwelapha, has contraindications ukusetshenziswa inombolo okuba nemiphumela engemihle. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle iseluleko kuchwepheshe ukusebenzisa leli qembu izidakamizwa ngoba impatho is hhayi Kunconywa.

Amalungiselelo of cephalosporins futhi penicillins Isizukulwane esidala kakhulu ukuvimbela ekwandeni obengeziwe izinto ezibangela izifo futhi tetracyclines, macrolides futhi fluoroquinol ukwazi ukucindezela ngokuphelele amaprotheni zamagama kumaseli kwamagciwane. Abanye njalo isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinqubo ukuvuvukala kule umgudu wokuphefumula, nezinye usizo yezifo genitourinary futhi isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene.

Imithi elwa namagciwane ngoba imikhuhlane

izidakamizwa ezingenziwa ngempumelelo elwa namagciwane ekhiqizwa izinkampani ikakhulukazi yasekhaya ezithaka imithi. Nokho, ochwepheshe abaningi linqume analogs angaphandle ezibizayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma umphimbo webhaktheriya obukhulu ingasetshenziswa aphathe hhayi kuphela "Augmentin", kodwa engabizi "Ampicillin". Ngokuvamile, imithi elwa namagciwane penicillin akuzange kusize abhekwa kakhulu izinqubo ukuvuvukala kule engenhla izitho zokuphefumula. Babuye elisetshenziswa umkhuba ezingane.

Cephalosporins nethonya elinamandla zokwelapha futhi evame ukunikezwa ukwelapha ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, inyumoniya, sinusitis kwabadala. "Cephalexin", "Cefaclor", "Cefazolin" - imithi elwa namagciwane engabizi kokuba amagciwane okusezingeni eliphezulu. Isizukulwane sokuqala kanti eyesibili le mithi has a spectrum emincane senzo. Cephalosporins isizukulwane 3 no-4 ukukhombisa umsebenzi omkhulu ngokumelene amagciwane igramu-negative futhi anaerobes.

"Amoxicillin": incazelo izidakamizwa

"Amoxicillin" kuyinto-antibiotic semi zokwenziwa of isigaba penicillin akuzange kusize. Njenganoma yimuphi omunye umuthi, ingasetshenziswa for ekwelapheni kanzima ngaphansi izinkomba ezithile.

Kusho ekhiqizwa ngesimo ukumiswa kwezokuphatha temlomo, amaphilisi, amaphilisi, futhi ndaba ezomile ukulungiswa imijovo. Lena engabizi ezibanzi-spectrum-antibiotic imiphumela zokwelapha, eziyosebenza yezifo umgudu wokuphefumula futhi wokugaya ukudla, isikhumba esibi.

Ukuze esebenzayo ejenti umbukiso ukuzwela streptococci, staphylococci, gonococci, meningococci, chlamydia, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Shigella, anaerobic nezilwanyana ezincane. Sebenzisa "Amoxicillin" ekwelapheni seziguli ezisencane kakhulu, kubalwa umthamo, kuye ngokuthi isisindo sengane.

Izimo futhi side effects

Umuthi kungenzeka ingasetshenziswa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ukungabekezelelani noma hypersensitivity kuya penicillins;
• isidingo aphathe mononucleosis, wegazi lymph;
• ezinzima emlandweni isifo sesibindi;
• Ukungasebenzi wokugaya ukudla ngokumelene okwenza yokutheleleka ngegciwane ezinzima.

Zamanani aphansi ezibanzi-spectrum antibiotic "Amoxicillin", njengabanye penicillins, kaningi kunamanye imithi elwa namagciwane ebangela abanye imiphumela emibi. Kujwayele kuzibonakalisa ifomu wokusabela iguliswa zihlanganisa: ukuqubuka, ukulunywa, ububomvu kwesikhumba. Ngaphansi ngokuvamile, isicanucanu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, uhudo, amakhala yisisu, lenyuka production izinyembezi.

Izidakamizwa "Cephalexin"

Enye engabizi ejenti elwa namagciwane we cephalosporin iqembu 1 isizukulwane. Umsebenzi eliphakeme ikhombisa izidakamizwa ngokumelene streptococci, Proteus, futhi Klebsiella esherehii. Akufanele ukuyisebenzisa uma lwegciwane kukhona amagciwane igramu-negative, enterococci. "Cephalexin" ikhiqizwa ngendlela amaphilisi nge umthamo 250 mg kanye 500 mg, futhi njengoba elimbudumbudu for ukumiswa.

Sebenzisa i-ejenti elwa namagciwane kuyadingeka ngoba isifo engenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula futhi umgudu wokuphefumula, izifo Izitho zokuzala, ubovu isikhumba pathologies. Kuwufanele ukunaka lokhu remedy, uma kunesidingo imithi elwa namagciwane engabizi.

Nge umkhuhlane kumele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu. Ingqikithi asebenzayo kungadala ezinye imiphumela emibi: dysbacteriosis, ubuhlungu besisu, iguliswa isikhumba ukusabela, nomlomo owomile. Thatha imithi ngemithamo ezinkulu, okungase kubangele ukuthuthukiswa candidiasis zobulili wamathumbu, nesifo, lezinkinobho nohudo, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, amajaqamba.

"Azithromycin": yokusetshenziswa

"Azithromycin" - i-antibiotic engabizi nge ezibanzi imiphumela zokwelapha ezihlobene macrolides. Ngesimo amaphilisi equkethe izidakamizwa 250 kanye 500 mg lomcebo asebenzayo. Futhi kusho esikhiqiza powder for ukumiswa. Ngo-20 ml isixazululo sokugcina has a 100, 200 noma 500 mg azithromycin dehydrate.

Sebenzisa "Azithromycin" abandayo kuyadingeka kuphela uma kunezinkomba zokuthi sina. I-antibiotic ezinqunyiwe angina, sinusitis, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, inyumoniya, otitis, namathansela, scarlet fever. Uphiko esebenzayo ukwazi ukubhekana amagciwane kakhulu Gram-HIV futhi Gram-negative, angenziwa Kuhlanganisa beta-lactamase.

Izibuyekezo sokulungiselela

imithi elwa namagciwane eshibhile abadala kanye nezingane ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni ezihlukahlukene omsakazo virus. Kusho "azithromycin" unomsebenzi hhayi kuphela anamandla elwa namagciwane kodwa inethonya eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye immunostimulatory. Umuthi akuvami kubangela engemihle. Ngokungafani nezinye ngezilapha magciwane (penicillins futhi cephalosporins), udinga ukuthatha izinsuku 3-5.