Imisebenzi izibambiso emakethe

Izibambiso emakethe - kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi of ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho, ogxile imisebenzi ihlobene nempikiswano, ukukhulula kanye nokuguqulwa izibambiso. Izibambiso - kuyindlela bokukhulisa dolobha.

The main umsebenzi emakethe izibambiso, kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye emakethe, zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili: emakethe jikelele kanye ethize. Jikelele emakethe izibambiso emakethe nemisebenzi ukunquma ukufana yalesi emakethe nezinye izimakethe. A umsebenzi othize izibambiso emakethe, kunalokho, ukwaba emakethe phakathi kwabanye.

ukusebenza okuthize Kohlelo izibambiso emakethe:

- lokwabiwa kabusha (izibambiso emakethe udlala indima ebalulekile imali perespredelenii phakathi kwemikhakha ehlukene kanye imikhakha; lesi sici kuhlanganisa ukudluliselwa imali ngendlela elikhiqizayo, isabelomali ngezimali);

- hedging (ezengeziwe umshwalense izingozi zezimali).

Jikelele emakethe imisebenzi emakethe izibambiso:

- intengo (emakethe udlala indima ebalulekile pheceza intengo emakethe);

- commercial (imali ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi eyenziwa emakethe);

- Ulwazi (emakethe kukhona ulwazi mayelana lezinto ezahlukene ukuhweba, futhi esikhathini esizayo lolu lwazi okuxhunywana kwabanye ababambiqhaza emakethe ngempahla kanye nomthelela kubo);

- olawula (emakethe kukhona "imithetho yalo mdlalo" ezithile, umkhuba lokuxazulula izingxabano, ukuphathwa nemizimba control).

Izibambiso emakethe yakhiwa eziningana "izimakethe mini": stock market, isibopho emakethe, isimo yesikhathi esifushane izibopho (T-izikweletu), emakethe loan ukonga emakethe uhulumeni (OGSZ) federal loan izibopho (OFZ) emakethe lwemali izibopho, yengcebo izikweletu emakethe, emakethe izikhungo zezimali, igolide isitifiketi emakethe, stock Ukuhwebelana, isitokwe iminyango Ukuhwebelana lezimpahla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezicezile okuyinhloko kanye izibambiso yesibili izimakethe. On izibambiso eyinhloko emakethe bachuma ukudayiswa "svezhevypuschennoy" izibambiso. Imakethe yesibili has izingxenye ezimbili: stock exchange futhi OTC ukuhweba. Exchange ukuhweba lwenzeka Ukuhwebelana isitokwe, futhi OTC - umsebenzi wezandla emgwaqweni. OTC ukuhweba is kabanzi eNtshonalanga, ngenkathi inguqulo yokuqala owandile Russia.

Injongo eyinhloko izibambiso emakethe - ekuqongeleleni imithombo yezimali kanye nokwabela abantu indawo yabo yikhomishana zokukhokhelwa ehlukahlukene phakathi abahlanganyeli emakethe. Lapho izibambiso ziyadingeka ukuze afeze yonke le misebenzi, okusho emakethe yamasheya kuyinto umlamuleli phakathi zimali kanye issuers.

Ezimakethe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene izibambiso ukuthengiselana. Yonke imisebenzi lwenziwa amaqembu amaningana elikhulu iqhaza emakethe. Okokuqala, kungenxa opharetha ezifeza ukuthengwa nokudayiswa izibambiso. Okwesibili, abagqugquzeli, abaphethe umsebenzi izinga ezimakethe. Okwesithathu, amabhange, depositories, izinhlangano ukusula, njll, okuyinto afeze ezimali izibopho mutual. Okwesine, ke nerejista ukuthi ukhiqize okufakwe amarejista bamasheya eBhange abanikazi.

Ezokuphepha iqala uhambo lwayo emakethe eyinhloko, lapho kukhona umnikelo yayo sokuqala yomphakathi. Zimali lokuqala othenga yesibambiso, unelungelo kabusha ukuwudayisa, exchange njll Umdayisi, abathenge iphepha, athengise ngayo ngentengo emakethe.

Esikhathini esizayo, iphepha ingena emakethe yesibili, lapho umsuka yonke imisebenzi okwalandela. Kulesi emakethe, kukhona ukuhanjiswa kwezinsiza phakathi zimali. Lapho imisebenzi eyenziwa wabenza kanye brokers. Abathengisi ukusebenzela ngokwabo kanye brokers enze oda yekhasimende. Ukuze ezimali zokukhokhelwa mutual phakathi kwabo ukusula nkampani. uhlu Imali amabhange, ukwedlulela izibambiso kusuka umdayisi kumthengi Kwenziwa Depository. Okubhalisa ubunikazi irekhodi amakhasimende amasha ezincwadini. Lona uhlelo elula kwemisebenzi, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ku izibambiso emakethe.