Ikakhulukazi e-Italy - ubunjalo kanye nencazelo. Wake wayisebenzisa yini ikhampasi e-Italy

Njalo izivakashi ufuna ukuvakashela Italy. Imvelo kukhona esihle kakhulu, simane iyizwe libalele, etholakala eningizimu yeYurophu. Lidonsa abahambi hhayi kuphela amasampula eziyingqayizivele nakumasiko esidlule, kodwa futhi angewona emangalisayo.

Italy - izwe kwezilwandle ezinhlanu, it is wageza ngu-Adriatic, Ionian, Mediterranean, Tyrrhenian kanye nezilwandle Ligurian. Ngaphezu insimu umhlaba, Italy lunezimpawu ezimbalwa kwezinye iziqhingi kulezi kwezilwandle. Inani indawo isimo ezingaphezu kuka-300 eziyinkulungwane ayi square. km. Iningi ndawo yayigxile Apennine nhlonhlo.

izintaba

izintaba-Italian athandwa kakhulu phakathi bezintaba. Ihlala ngokwahlukana izwe lonke elaseYurophu. Izintaba kangangokuba emathafeni akuyona ezingaphezu kweyodwa nantathu endaweni Imininingwane yezwe, lonke endaweni - elinamagquma. Kusukela side eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Alps axhunyiwe ne Apennine ezintabeni. Nature Italy izivakashi bezintaba.

Phakathi kwezindawo eziphakemeyo entabeni okunabileko kukhona mlilo sisasebenza, nakuba kancane esebenzayo: Stromboli, Etna futhi edume iNtaba iVesuvius. Ngezikhathi ezithile mlilo uzikhumbuze ukundindizela okunamandla. Abaningi babo - yokuqothulwa.

Ngokuvamile, bandisa inkonzo zokuzamazama komhlaba esivamile-Italiya, njengoba leli zwe e-abasha Alpine ukusonga. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka futhi nokuzamazama komhlaba okukodwa okunamandla. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi kuka-1900 no-2000, kwakunemikhaya engaphezu kwekhulu ukuzamazama komhlaba. Kamuva kakhulu umsebenzi enkulu yokuzamazama okwenzeka ekwindla ka-1980. Konke lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kuholela izinguquko olubonakalayo kolwandle.

imithombo yamanzi

Italy amumethe angenasawoti emifuleni, owayevelele kubo - iyona Po enyakatho futhi Adige. Okunye emifuleni owaziwa - the Tiber futhi Arno - egeleza enhlonhlweni uqobo. Abaningi okusheshayo alpine emifuleni ziye zasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ugesi ezishibhile, ngenxa eziningi Hydropower isitshalo.

Ngaphezu emifuleni, kunezindlela eziningi angenasawoti yabulala namachibi ezinhlanzi. Leli chibi elikhulu kunawo wonke - kuyinto Garda, Como, Brakkiano nabanye, ezinye zazo - ukuqhuma kwezintaba-mlilo. Esikhathini imicengezi imizimba amanzi zitholakala zokungcebeleka eziningi nodumo, kuhlanganise nesazi wezokwelapha. Zonke izihambi sizibuza ukuthi imvelo e-Italy.

Izici sezulu Italian

Isimo sezulu akuyona iyunifomu, iyahlukahluka kuye kakhulu esifundazweni ngenxa yokuthi endaweni sidluliselwa longitude. Intaba namandla kangakanani uhambisane ezinzima arctic nangemfudumalo emikhawulweni yolwandle eningizimu - nakwezifudumele. Ngasenyakatho, okushisa isilinganiso udedele, isimo sezulu zokhahlamba kusuka nakwezifudumele ukuze esipholile ezwekazini.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu isimo eningizimu elinesimo nehlobo elifudumele libalele (izinga lokushisa mayelana 23 degrees) nobusika obungabandi efudumele (zero lokushisa ngoJanuwari).

Iningi labantu balapha Italy, ojabulayo esibhakabhakeni Licwathile. umoya ofudumele akuyona eqinile.

Ubusika-Alps entabeni abandayo kakhulu, imvula, mini ngekhephu e kwentwasahlobo, okuyinto edonsela skiers kulezi zindawo ezivela emhlabeni wonke. I ephakeme, ukubanda, futhi ekuqaleni ebusika. Isithwathwa ihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa, futhi akusho ancibilike ngisho eziqongweni. Minyaka yonke, lina omunye ayizinkulungwane ezintathu amamilimitha angu kwezulu.

nethonya elikhulu sezulu kolwandle ezizungezile Italy. Ngisho emagumbini ezikude kakhulu zaleli zwe kukhona phezu eminye amakhilomitha angu-250 ukusuka ogwini. Iningi imingcele - zasolwandle. I zokungcebeleka ethandwa kakhulu kungukuthi nemiyalezo esisogwini olusentshonalanga, ngoba kulezi zindawo - izimo best zezulu unyaka wonke.

emhumeni

Ngenxa yobuningi yamadwala calcareous, nesimo sendawo ecebile ne imigodi yezintaba-mlilo eziningi, ukwehluleka, imithombo, bazenzela nemihume lokubuka imigede, okuyinto okunabileko hhayi kuphela speleologists, kodwa futhi izivakashi abavamile abathanda ukwenza izifundo izimbotshana ngomshoshaphansi. ubunjalo Picturesque nezinhle Italy. Sitshele kafushane mayelana akunakwenzeka, imizimba eminingi yamanzi, izintaba namathafa captivate.

Italy idume omunye emihumeni ejulile emhlabeni, okuyinto sibonakala sishonile kunesikhumba 800 m. Libuye ethandwa kakhulu ezivakashini eyingqayizivele Blue sivale indlela engena emgedeni, elise esiqhingini Capri.

phansi flat

Po Valley plain - ehlanzeni ngobukhulu, elise somfula Po, futhi sekuyisikhathi eside idume ezithelo elikhulu nezivini. Zonke amasimu ezinkulu zitholakala lapha. Amapulazi ikakhulu kukhule izitshalo kanye impande izitshalo. nemfuyo kanye nezinkukhu abasafufusa ziba athuthukiswe kahle.

Libuye cluster main zezimboni yezwe, okuhlanganisa izitshalo eziningi namafektri yokukhiqiza.

inhlabathi

Kuye esifundeni, ukwakheka kanye enhlabathini ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Esikhathini enyakatho sezintaba ingxenye ubuswa entabeni-edlelweni futhi entabeni-ihlathi nenhlabathi. Ingxenye eseningizimu yezwe libhekene nenhlabathi ensundu. I eduze kolwandle, zisabalele inhlabathi exhaphozini. Ezindaweni futhi emagqumeni, zidabule limestone ezifakwa ezakhiwe inhlabathi ebomvu, ekahle ukutshala izihlahla zezithelo kanye amagilebhisi. Eduze nenhlabathi wentaba-mlilo atholakala, ehlanganisa magma eqina futhi udaka olushisayo.

inhlabathi Italy kuyinto esihle imisebenzi yezolimo. Kodwa asikwazi ukusho lokho izinguquko ubunjalo Italy esethula imisebenzi abantu.

izwe yemifino

Izitshalo wehlukile kakhulu. Nokho, ngenxa okukhulu umsebenzi womuntu yezimila zasendle uhlala elincane izikhala kwamasiko ezitholakala ikakhulukazi. Ehlathini kuphela ezintabeni nasemagqumeni futhi ngokuvamile akha esingaphansi okwesihlanu ndawo Imininingwane. Omunye ongathi imvelo wabaphakamisa ngu-Italy.

izihlahla Yande lezihlahla ezifana birch, Poplar, willow, ngesihlahla. Kukhona futhi AmaConifers siluhlaza nezihlahla. Engxenyeni eseningizimu ye-Italy, lapho kushisa zone nakwezifudumele zikhule kahle izithelo ezisawolintshi, iminqumo alimondi, namahalananda notamatisi. Ngesikhathi kwentaba i-Alps ezikhulayo izihlahla broadleaf ezifana oki, usika izingcezu azidingayo ngokucophelela, beech nomlotha. ukubaluleka Omkhulu yezolimo ukutshala izihlahla zezithelo, izivini, okusanhlamvu kanye amazambane.

Ngezinye ukuphakama mayelana ikhilomitha elilodwa nesigamu-Alps elise amahlathi coniferous, ehlanganisa izihlahla kanye nezihlahla. Lapha ikhula kahle * nomthidari, sonwele zikaphayini. Ngenhla conifer zone kuyoshaya ezimfundeni, liyindawo enkulu ngoba kokudla ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Ngenxa sezulu esifudumele, athuthukiswe kahle imbali. Lawa izici engokwemvelo Italy silindele wonke umuntu eze lapha ukuze uphumule.

amaminerali

Italy kungaba ozibongayo izinqolobane amaminerali umxhwele, kanye ngokwehlukahlukana kwabo. Ngeshwa, hhayi eningi izinsiza, chithi saka endaweni yezwe, futhi avame ukuba ngempela kabuhlungu umkhiqizo wabo.

Kabanzi misela nsimbi ngoba emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. Okwamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwezentengiselwano ore kwenziwa obakhathalelayo. U-Elba. Ngaphezu netshe, futhi inani kakhulu enkulu e Italian nhlonhlo ezifakwa zenzeka imikhando, okuyinto isizinda uqhutshwa ngokwanele ngokushesha. Nature Italy naseGrisi ayafana yini.

Ngo eziningi ezindaweni uhlole ezifakwa amalahle, eliphansi. UQobo nowoyela ezifakwa yezwe akwanele ukuqinisekisa ephelele amandla izidingo. Ngakho, amalahle inikeza Italy amandla hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-15%, namafutha ingeqi 2% yenani iyadingeka. Ingxenye esele kumele amazwe.

Isisetshenziswa esibalulekile Italy sika igesi yemvelo ezifakwa zitholakala ezweni. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, leli zwe like misela ngempumelelo sulphur, idwala usawoti, egwadle. Famous zemabula Italian akhishwe ngempumelelo kwamanye amazwe. Imvelo yase-Italy iye hhayi stinted phezu wezinsalela zamandulo.

umthelela womuntu

It uhlala kubona kutsi tingucuko tini ngokwesimo Italy eyenziwe izinto ezenziwa abantu.

Ngokuvamile, ngeshwa, kungazithinta omubi kwezemvelo, inhlonhlo ye-Italy. Bagawula amahlathi, mpilo futhi kuncike ukuguguleka komhlaba wezolimo, amanzi angcolile kanye ulwandle kwemfucumfucu yezimboni. ezokuthutha Lokusakaza umgwaqo kubangela semali qeda kanye ukwandisa lokuhlushwa CO emkhathini. Ngokuhamba emadolobheni amakhulu njalo eqoshiwe khona umusi. Uyahlupheka kakhulu ungqimba lwe-ozone ngaphezu nhlonhlo.

Zemvelo okuzwakalisa inhlabamkhosi isikhathi eside futhi ezifuywa ngokucophelela ihlathi yokufakelwa. Kodwa lokhu akwanele ukuba ulungise amaphutha yizenzo zabantu.