Ibanga elibhekwa njengabaThwa (currant): incazelo, izithombe kanye nokubuyekeza

Namuhla, kunezinguqulo ezingaba ngu-200 izinhlobo of black currant. Ukuhlukahluka okunjalo ubonakele sibonga umsebenzi onzima abalimi. Thola ukuthi yikuphi izinhlobo kangcono, ngesinye isikhathi kunzima ngisho balimi abanolwazi. Hlobo luni currants ukubeka kusayithi lakho nokuthi ukukhetha izitshalo kulungile, zama ukuqonda okwengeziwe.

Indlela ukucacisa izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu currants?

Izinzuzo currants okwase kuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa, ngakho abalimi abaningi batshala lesi sitshalo emasimini abo. Nquma ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo kangcono, ungasebenzisa i-algorithm elula. Isitshalo kumele babe lezimfanelo:

• umkhiqizo okusezingeni eliphezulu;
• ukumelana nezilokazane nezifo ezihlukahlukene;
• isithelo kufanele ibe nkulu futhi esihlwabusayo.

Izinhlobonhlobo amelana izifo kanye izinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo enokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngokuya ukukhuthazela yilezo ukubekezelela frost nesomiso, kanye ukumelana izinambuzane ezehlukene nezifo currants eyinqaba.

Ezindaweni lapho kukhona yesithwathwa ekuseni futhi isizini ihlobo Kunenkolelo nesomiso, kutuswa ukuba batshale izinhlobonhlobo ukuthi bayakwazi ukumelana izinhlekelele zemvelo. Lezi zihlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo currants, njenge:

• Sofia.
• Bagheera.
• Umusa.
• Minx.
• Elibhekwa njengabaThwa.

Currants kufanele kahle ingashintshwa ukuze esifundeni lapho esekhulile, bese isivuno lizophakama.

Ezihlabayo okungenzeka bahlukunyezwe ihlumela ngomnikelo omncane noma isikhutha. Ukuze abe isivuno esihle kusayithi, kungcono ukhetha ukutshala lezi izinhlobo:

• Nesilingo.
• Divo.
• Sensei.
• Carmelita.
• Sofia.

Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe grade elibhekwa njengabaThwa. Currants ivelele phakathi kwezinye ukunambitheka eziningi elimnandi kakhulu. Amajikijolo kukhona izitshalo ezinkulu, naphezu kwegama layo. Lesi sitshalo Kunconywa ukuba isitshalo eliseMpumalanga Ekude, Urals, aseNtshonalanga Kapa kanye naseMpumalanga eSiberia.

Elibhekwa njengabaThwa currant sesitshalo yakhulela Research Institute of ukulima futhi Potato Yuzhnouralsk umfuyi Ilinym V S. It uye wasebenza kahle, ngakho ojabulela funa ezithile phakathi balimi.

incazelo elibhekwa njengabaThwa ezihlukahlukene

Uma ucabangela ezihlukahlukene elibhekwa njengabaThwa currant, incazelo kufanele kuqale ukubonakala isitshalo:

• A shrub naphakathi, ongafinyelela ukuphakama mayelana 1.5-2 m.
• amahlumela okusha kukhona shades ukukhanya green and pink and green, unayo i-ukushuba isilinganiso.
• Amaqabunga usayizi esikhulu, ne iyizingxenye ezinhlanu, esishwabene. It has a umbala ocebile oluhlaza.
• Petioles eside, ukujiya isilinganiso. Njengoba amahlumela amasha, ababethi ukukhanya luhlaza cwe noma pink-oluhlaza.
• Inflorescence ngesimo emabhulashini. Ngamunye wabo angaba abavuthiwe-10 amajikijolo currant.
• Izimbali pink okhanyayo umbala noma umthunzi ophuzi-pink.
• Amajikijolo kukhona izitshalo ezinkulu kakhulu. Abakwazi nesisindo 5-7 amagremu.
• Izithelo kukhona abamnyama, elicwebezelayo. Yiba round ukuma avamile. imbewu okuqukethwe berry ubuncane. Ikhasi isithelo ibuthaka.

Currants elibhekwa njengabaThwa (ngenhla) muhle kakhulu ukuthi ukulungiswa compotes kanye sezimoto. Ngokuvamile amajikijolo Bavunwa ebusika: omisiwe noma simisiwe. Kodwa izinto eziwusizo kakhulu ezitholakala nezithelo ezintsha, okuyinto awaphendulanga iyiphi indlela yokwelapha.

Izici Zabantu ezihlukahlukene

Elibhekwa njengabaThwa - currants, okungadingi ezihlobana emabangeni lasekucaleni. Inkathi yokuvuthwa izithelo iza phakathi isizini futhi kuthathe amasonto 2-3. Kuye esifundeni, okuyinto likhula izihlahlana kusukela enkathini izimbali kuze amajikijolo ezivuthiwe ungenza izinsuku 30-45.

Currants elibhekwa njengabaThwa, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle izincwadi esizifundayo, fruiting kusuka ngasekupheleni kuka June kuya maphakathi no-July. On the bush eyodwa ingaba ukuqoqa isitshalo ehloniphekile - kusuka 3.5 kuya 5.5 kg. Fruiting isitshalo kanye ngonyaka. Ibanga samoplodnye, ngakho ungathola esitebeleni, yenala njalo ngonyaka.

Izinzuzo esemqoka currants yilezi:

• ukumelana frost nesomiso;
• wenzalo ezinhle;
• bumnandi kanye nosayizi amajikijolo;
• ikhono simelane anthracnose kanye powdery isikhutha.

Nakuba lesi sitshalo has a icala elincane - currant has kuphela ukumelana kancane izinambuzane iveze imiqumbe ngomnikelo omncane futhi isifo septoria indawo.

Indlela ukukhetha izitshalo esifanele sokutshala?

Ekukhetheni impahla zokutshala kufanele kubhekwe ku rhizomes ngokucophelela. Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo kweminyaka emibili ubudala, njengoba uhlelo izimpande zazo iyakhiwa kahle futhi siqukethe amahlumela bok eziningana, ubude 15-20 cm. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba inani elikhulu izimpande emihle abafana izindikimba. Iphinde kufanele sinake umbala wabo.

esigaxeni okunempilo aphuzi ansundu. Nokho, uma kubuswa umbala ezingcolile ansundu, kubonisa ukuthi podmerzli isitshalo, ukugula noma ukugcina umswakama.

Ukuthenga okokusebenza zokutshala ebhodweni, kufanele usabona ohlelweni impande, cela nomthengisi leyo uthole kwakunezigqiki ezithambile kusuka ethangini. Uma umhlabathi uvalwe kusahlangene intambo izinqubo, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi currants oluhle futhi bathuthuke ngokushesha.

Uma ufuna ukutshala isitshalo enempilo, khumbula: amaqabunga, efihlekile kanye amagatsha kufanele kungabi amabala, njengoba lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi yisithombo yashayiswa ukhunta. Futhi, kufanele kube khona izibonakaliso wilting.

Indlela anakekele sezihlahla?

Elibhekwa njengabaThwa - currants, ubani akawuthandi ezindaweni ezinomoya ukubopha, ngakho lapho ekhetha indawo zokutshala yayo kufanele bacabangele lezi zici. Isikhathi ekahle ukutshala - ekwindla zakuqala. Into yokuqala okumele uyenze - ukwelapha inhlabathi. Ngemva ukumba ukususa zonke izimpande ukhula athambise umhlabathi. Ngemva kwalokho, lungiselela emthonjeni ububanzi cm 60 nokujula 40 cm.

Ukuze kulungiswe evundile, kudingeka:

• superphosphate - 200;
• potassium sulphate - 60 g;
• 1 ibhakede umquba;
• 0.5 amalitha izinkuni umlotha.

Ukuze isitshalo lakhula ngokushesha, okwenza enyakazayo okuncane izithombo at zokutshala, hhayi ningi than 45 degrees. Ngemva kwalokho, kudingeka uthele ngokucophelela currant kanye ukuhlakula amagatsha, kusale 3 efihlekile. Isinyathelo esilandelayo - mulching inhlabathi ngaphansi izitshalo. Ngenxa yale njongo, Peat efanelekayo noma sawdust.

Ukwandisa izivuno, ochwepheshe batusa ukutshala izinhlobo eziningana currants endaweni eyodwa.

Ukunisela izitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ikakhulukazi lapho yokuvuthwa iqala. Itulo wathela amanzi ngesilinganiso 30-50 amalitha per 1 m ^2. Udinga ukwenza ukuthambisa ekwindla, lapho umquba sisetshenziswa.

Zalisa izitshalo akhiqiza ngomnyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi izimbali, currant, zalisa nge mullein ketshezi. Ammonium nitrate (20-30 g) kunezelwa lapho lesi sitshalo wabuna. In autumn zalisa inhlabathi ngaphansi zonke ehlathini abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, okubandakanya:

• Phosphorus (50 g).
• Potassium (40 g).
• Umquba (polvedra).

Izibuyekezo grade elibhekwa njengabaThwa

Ukuze nezici zakhe amamaki aphezulu kusuka kuzazi wathola elibhekwa njengabaThwa currant. Izibuyekezo zalesi sihlahla akhayo, njengoba ezihlukahlukene ikufakazele ngokwaso njengoba omunye engcono hardiest. Elikhulu amajikijolo amnandi aqukethe eziningi izakhi, nakho edonsa izitatimende omuhle ngabantu abakhethe lesi sitshalo. Currants zingatshalwa izifunda lapho kukhona yesithwathwa ekuseni, njengoba lokhu ezihlukahlukene linamandla ngenyanga.