I-Proprietary ... Isofthiwe yeproprietary

Abaningi bethu bezwe ngegama elithi "umnikazi". Babekwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yikuphi. Izinsiza, abashayeli, izinhlelo. Yiluhlobo luni lwedithi yilo, futhi lisho ukuthini? Ngokuvamile, leli gama lafika kithi kusukela olimini lwesiNgisi. Ngokuvamile, "umnikazi" ungumkhiqizo onenlayisense. Futhi incazelo yale nkulumo izoxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Igama elithi "umnikazi". Okushoyo

Igama elithi "i-proprietary" livela kulesi sivumelwano segama lesiNgisi, elisho ukuthi "umuntu" noma "ovumelekile". Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kunento ethi "ayikhululekile". Yiba software noma hardware. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isofthiwe, isibonelo, inelayisensi. Ngokuvamile, ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe elayisensi, kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali. Futhi kwezinye izimo - imali eningi.

Uma kwenzeka imishini, incazelo yegama elithi "umnikazi" ishintsha kancane. Leli gama livame ukuchaza izingxenye ezithile eziyingqayizivele zemishini ebonisa umenzi othile. Isibonelo, ama-smartphone akwa-Apple anezixhumi eziyingqayizivele nezobelungelo lobunikazi zokushaja idivayisi.

Isofthiwe yeproprietary (SOFTWARE)

Isofthiwe yeproprietary ihlanganisa kokubili abashayeli kwamanye amadivaysi, nemikhiqizo yesofthiwe. Endabeni yabashayeli, konke kucacile - umakhi wedivaysi ugcina ukusebenza kwayo yonke imisebenzi yedivaysi ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yomthombo evaliwe. Empeleni, lokhu kulungile. Akuyazi ukuthi yiziphi izingqinamba zethu ezingayenza kwi-hardware yekhompyutha nezinhlelo, uma abathuthukisi bevula ikhodi yomthombo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isofthiwe yemishini ngokuvamile ikhululekile. Kuyafaneleka ukuthenga ikhadi elifanayo levidiyo, futhi ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe ngendlela yabashayeli kuyobe kutholakala njalo uma nje ukuhambisana kwayo kuhlala.

Ngesofthiwe esivumelekile ayiyona elula. Ummeleli okhanyayo wezinkampani ezisebenzisa amalayisense okuthengisa, i-Adobe ne-Photoshop yayo "ephakade". Ukuze kusetshenziswe imikhiqizo, i-Adobe izokhokha imali enzima. Futhi i-Microsoft ayikude kakhulu. Ukuze usebenzise i-OS Windows 10 eyimfihlo, isibonelo, unyaka ngamunye kuzodingeka ukhokhe inani elikhulu. Manje lokhu kuyindlela evamile phakathi kwabakhiqizi be-software abakhulu.

Izinzuzo nezindleko zesofthiwe yokuthengisa

Ukuze uqonde kangcono isofthiwe yokuzimela, udinga ukuqhathanisa izinzuzo nezingozi. Ngakho, ku-pluses ungafaka izikhathi ezinjalo:

• Ukusekela okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe komkhiqizo.
• Umsebenzi ozinzile ngaphezu kwesofthiwe yamahhala.
• Ukungabikho okuqinisekisiwe kwezinto ezinonya (amagciwane).
• Izibuyekezo zesofthiwe ezenzakalelayo.
• Ukusebenzisa okufanelekayo kwazo zonke izinto zokusebenza.

Konke lokhu kwakuhlanganisa isofthiwe yokuthengisa. Manje siphendukela kumaminithi:

• Inani eliphakeme lokukhokha kwelayisense.
• Amaprosesa asekhaya womsebenzi wedivayisi.
• Ukuthembela kumthuthukisi.
• Ayikwazi ukushintsha ikhodi yomthombo.
• Ukuthintelwa kokusabalaliswa kwesofthiwe.
• Ukuthintelwa kokulungiswa kwesofthiwe.

Njengoba sibona, inhlekelele enkulu kakhulu ikhokha ilayisensi yokusebenzisa isofthiwe. Amaminithi asele ayibalulekile kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile. Kubasebenzisi abanjalo, "i-proprietary" yiyona ndlela engcono kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imali ayiyona isihawu.

Abashayeli bempahla

Amadivaysi ezakhiwo zinezimboni zedivayisi. Kulolu cala, "umnikazi" kusho ukuthi banikezwa kumkhiqizi onekhodi yomthombo evaliwe. Ukwethulwa kwanoma yiziphi izinguquko ezakhiweni zabo akunakwenzeka. Ngokujwayelekile, abashayeli abanjalo bayasebenza ezinkambisweni zokusebenza ezisebenzisa isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile. Ikakhulukazi lesi sono samahhala "izinhlelo ze-linux-like". Ngokuvamile basebenzisa abashayeli bokuthengisa. Ubuntu, isibonelo, ngokuvamile isebenzisa mahhala futhi "ivaliwe".

Abashayeli abanjengeBubuntu bazinzile kakhulu kunezikhululekile. Okungamangali, ngoba kumakhodi wabo womthombo akekho "okhethiwe". Kodwa, ngokungafani nabashayeli bamahhala, abasebenzisi be-software "evaliwe" kufanele balinde isikhathi eside ukuze kube nenqubo entsha ebuyekeziwe. Lapha kufanele ukhethe: intsha noma ukuzinza.

Impahla yompahla

Endabeni yemishini, umninimnikazi angalingani. Ngokuvamile igama elinjalo lichaza "i-chip" yomkhiqizi. Isibonelo, isixhumi esiyingqayizivele. Ngaphandle kwefomu elikhethekile, lezi zixhumanisi nazo zisekela izivumelwano ezithile, isibonelo, ukudluliswa kwedatha noma ukuphathwa kwamandla.

Izixhumanisi eziphathekayo ze-Apple "inkampani" yazo. Zinezinto ezilandelanayo ezinegunya lobunikazi futhi "zivaliwe". Uma unquma ukuxhuma, isibonelo, ku-iPhone ishaja engavunyelwe - idivayisi yakho ingashisa. Imishini enjalo ivame ukwenza kuphela umgomo wokuqeda abasebenzisi bemali engaphezulu. Izinzuzo ezibonakalayo ekusebenziseni izixhumi eziqondene nazo azigcini. Isivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha noma isivinini sokushaja kwedivayisi asithinti lokhu nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Isiphetho

Manje singakwazi ukuqonda lokho okubizwa ngokuthi igama elihlakaniphile elithi "umnikazi". Lo ngumkhiqizo onenlayisense nomnikazi othize. Ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo onjalo ngaphandle kokukhokha akunakwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo enjalo (isofthiwe kanye nabashayela) inekhodi yomthombo evaliwe, futhi ngeke kwenzeke izinguquko kwisakhiwo sabo nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Uhlelo lwethu oluncane lokufundisa luphelile. Manje ungakhetha ngokuphepha phakathi kwesofthiwe evaliwe neyikhululekile, wazi zonke izinkampani zayo kanye nama-minus. Okushiwo igama elithi "umnikazi" manje sesaziwa.