I-Lermontov neCaucasus: ukwakheka-ukucabanga. ICaucasus emsebenzini kaLermontov

Emisebenzini yomlobi nomlobi omkhulu, uMikhail Yurievich Lermontov, izici ezimbalwa zokuphila kwethu zibonisiwe. Kodwa umbhali wabhala ngezintaba ngothando oluthile, yingakho kunzima ukuhlukanisa imibono ye "Lermontov" ne "Caucasus". Ukuhlelwa-ukucabanga kwalolu hlelo kungathatha amakhasi amaningi, kodwa namuhla sizoxoxa ngalesi sihloko ngokufishane.

Inani lemisebenzi kaMikhail Yurievich Lermontov ayikwazi ukuvezwa. Kwakuyilente langempela, elifanelwe ilungelo lokuthiwa yiyodwa yezinkondlo zethu nabalobi bethu.

ICaucasus Ekuphileni kweLermontov

Isifunda saqala ukudlala indima enkulu ekugcineni komlobi kusukela ebuntwaneni. UMikhail Yurievich Lermontov wazalelwa ingane ebuhlungu kakhulu, efuna ukwelashwa njalo. Isihloko seCaucasus siseduze kakhulu naye ngoba wachitha isikhathi esiningi lapha. Ngokokuqala ngqa imbongi eyayihambela lesi sifunda eminyakeni engama-4, bese kuthi ngo-6, kuya ku-10 bese yonke impilo yakhe ifika njalo. Kwakusemithambekeni yalezi zintaba ezinhle kakhulu lapho umfana onethalente wazizwa okokuqala amandla othando.

Ngakho isiphetho sembongi sathuthuka, futhi wayenethuba lokusebenza ezintabeni zaseCaucasus. Ngo-1837, umlobi wathunyelwa e-Caucasus ekuthunjweni emsebenzini "Ekufeni komlobi." Kodwa-ke, ukuhlala kulezi zintaba kwakungesijeziso sombongi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kwamnika amandla okudala okusha. Wayenethuba lokuxhumana nabantu bendawo, athole izinganekwane nezinkondlo, abheke izidansa, alalele izingoma, ahlanganyele njengezivakashi emishadweni futhi ahambele amakhaya wabantu bendawo. Kwakuwukuthunjwa ukuthi imisebenzi emikhulu kaLermontov yabhalwa noma iqalile . Wabuya ekuthunjweni ngo-1838. Ngo-1840, uLermontov waphinde wathunyelwa eNtabeni YaseCaucasus, lapho kwakukhona khona ukulwa okusebenzayo.

Ngakho-ke kwathi phakathi nokuphila kwakhe umlobi uye wavakashela cishe zonke izingxenye zalesi sifunda, kungani izincazelo zezindawo ezihlukahlukene emisebenzini yakhe zinembile kakhulu. Akuyona into eyenziwa yiLermontov ukuthi lezi zintaba yizwe lakubo.

Ngo-1841, eneminyaka engama-26 nje kuphela, umlobi omkhulu wabulawa e-duel. Singasho ukuthi kwakuyingozi nje engavamile, ngoba waya e-duel nomngane wakhe ogama lakhe linguMartynov. Umlobi akazange azithathe ngokungathí sina futhi akazange acabange ukudubula, ngokungafani nomngane wakhe.

Ngakho ukuphila komlobi kwaphela eCaucasus. Umlotha wakhe manje usendaweni yeLermontovo, esifundeni sasePenza.

ICaucasus emavesini kaLermontov

Isakhiwo sengqondo esiyinkimbinkimbi somlobi samvumela ukuba azizwe futhi athande ubuhle bezintaba ezinzima ngenhliziyo yakhe yonke, ngenxa yokuthi unyunyana onamandla wokudala ongazalwa - uLermontov neCaucasus. Ukucabangela-ukucabanga ngalesi sihloko kuvame ukucelwa ukuba ubhalele abafundi kuloluhlelo, ngoba kuvumela ukuba baqonde kangcono zonke izici zomsebenzi womlobi.

Inkondlo yakhe yokuqala, "ICaucasus", iLermontov eyazinikezela ezintabeni eminyakeni engaba ngu-15, futhi isabisa abafundi. Kodwa-ke, hhayi nje kuphela uhlobo oluhle kakhulu oluthathwa yilo mbongi. Wayebathanda ngobuqotho izakhamuzi zalezo zindawo, naphezu kwazo zonke izinto ezishintshayo nokuguqulwa kwesiphetho sakhe.

UMikhail Yurievich Lermontov wabhala izinkondlo eziningi nezinkondlo mayelana neCaucasus phakathi nokuphila kwakhe okuncane. "Idemoni", "Mtsyri", "ukuthunjwa kweCaucasus" - lezi kuphela ezidume kakhulu izinkondlo zakhe.

ICaucasus in prose kaLermontov

Inqwaba yemisebenzi yokudala esekelwe emisebenzini yomlobi inikezwe isihloko esithi "Lermontov neCaucasus". Ukucabangela-ukucabanga ngale ndaba ngeke nakanjani kungaphelele ngaphandle kokumboza amanoveli omlobi.

U-Lermontov wasebenzisa ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe esifundeni, ngakho-ke izenzo zezilwane ze-prose zenzeka ikakhulukazi eCaucasus. Njengoba impi yayikhona ngaleso sikhathi, umlobi ubonisa imiyalezo yokuziphatha kwabakhamuzi baseRussia nabakhileyo bendawo.

"I-Hero Yesikhathi Sethu" ngumsebenzi wakhe odume kakhulu. I-Lermontov neCaucasus babengabuye baphinde baqhubeke emsebenzini wakhe ongafi.

Imvelo yesifunda emsebenzini womlobi

I-Lermontov imelela isimo saseCaucasia njalo kumathoni amahle kakhulu futhi cishe njalo ukhuluma ngayo njengento ephilayo. Isibonelo, emsebenzini "I-Shat-gora" ne-Kazbek River ivela ngendlela engaphenduki futhi ithole ukuthi ubani onamandla, njengabagibeli ngokwabo. Imvelo emisebenzini yakhe ihlale iguquguqukayo, igcwele amandla. I-Lermontov yeqiniso neCaucasus ingammelela ngempela izithombe ezinhle.

Ukubumbana-ukucabanga ngokufana kohlobo lweCaucasus nabantu bayo kuyisihloko esizosivumela ukuba singene ngokujulile emisebenzini yomlobi.

Abantu baseCaucasia emsebenzini weLermontov

Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi abafundi baceliwe ukuba babhale inhlawulo emisebenzini yomlobi. I-Lermontov neCaucasus imelela inhlanganisela enhle kule ndaba. Umlobi wakwazi ukuzwa ngokugcwele umphefumulo wabalimi futhi adlulisele lolu lwazi kubafundi.

Emisebenzini yeLermontov, izizwe zaseCaucasus zibonakala zifana nendawo yalezi zindawo. Kuhle, ubude, abantu abanamandla abanobunjwa obuhle, hhayi amadoda kuphela, kodwa nabesifazane. Ziziqhenye, kodwa azizikhukhumezi, zithandeka kakhulu, zithandeke futhi zithandeke kakhulu - yilokho uLermontov ebona khona. Benkani ukucindezela futhi ngokuvumelana nomzwelo bangabulala kalula. Ama-Highlanders emisebenzini yomlobi abonakala abantu benkolo kakhulu, kepha bangenza ubugebengu, naphezu kwemiyalo yesonto.

Mhlawumbe singasho ukuthi ubudlelwane obungavamile emindenini yabo buhlala bungaqondakali thina kuphela - banamasiko anjengokuthi, ukweba amantombazane, asetshenziswe amakhulu eminyaka futhi angabhekwa njengento engavamile.

Phakathi nenkonzo yakhe ebandleni Lermontov wabona ukuthi iCaucasus iyindawo elula yokuzikhethela nokukhululeka, okuyinto ehluke nemikhuba yezwe kanye nemithetho yasePetersburg.

Imidwebo kaLermontov

Awaziwa kancane ukuthi uLermontov wayengewona umbhali onobunono kuphela futhi umbongi, kodwa futhi nomculi. Ngakho, wabhala isithombe sakhe sokuqala ngisho nangaphambili kunenkondlo - eneminyaka engu-13. ICaucasus emisebenzini kaLermontov ayimelwe kuphela imibhalo, kodwa futhi imifanekiso egcwele uthando. Uma ubheka imidwebo yakhe, kuyacaca ukuthi umlobi wayenezipho zokwakha amathrekhi obuciko, ngoba abulawa kahle.

Imifanekiso yakhe kanye nokubonakala okungabonakali kubonisa ukuthi yiziphi izinkondlo zakhe: iCaucasus yomsebenzi kaLermontov igcwele izintaba ezinhle nabantu abazidlayo.