Hlobo luni udokotela - a wezifo? Geriatrics - nokwelashwa kwezifo zokuguga

Cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, ososayensi baqala ngenkuthalo ukutadisha inqubo yokuguga. Eqaphela ukuthi lezi zinguquko ziyini yemvelo futhi enza izinto ezihlukahlukene, ekucaleni esabiwe isayensi ehlukile gerontology njengoba umkhuba jikelele. Bese kuba khona lalihlukene egunjini labagulayo anikezelwe izifo ezingapheli zokuguga. Hlobo luni udokotela wezifo, bambalwa bayazi. Nokho, inani labantu abahlala ukuguga, kuba nsuku zonke bayanda, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlobana ukuqeqeshwa ongoti enjalo liyakhuphuka.

Hlobo luni udokotela wezifo?

Udokotela othile osebenzelana nokuvinjelwa kwezifo, yokungalihloniphi nokuvuselelwa iziguli yokuguga, kuyinto wezifo aziwayo. Lokho ephatha onguchwepheshe enjalo? Uhlu izifo kuyinto ngempela ebanzi. Wezifo uzama ukwakha izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokwelapha ukuguga lesiguli ukuze wandise esebenzayo, yokuphila ezimele. yobudala Umuntu akasiyena umusho, kodwa ke kungacacisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba isifo esithile. Geriatrics amadili nezinkinga asebekhulile (60-74) kanye nabantu abadala (75-90). Iziguli kulonyaka, zikhona izici ezibalulekile eziningana:

• umehluko yokwakheka bokuphila phakathi nomzimba onempilo.

• Umehluko izifo ezivamile.

• Izifo asebekhulile.

izici yokwakheka bokuphila kwabantu abadala

Emzimbeni umuntu osekhulile kwenzeke izinqubo zangaphakathi lapho ithola izinguquko morphological bokuphila. Basuke izimpawu:

• Yiqiniso ezahlukene isikhathi. Involution we gonads azalela kungenzeka eminyakeni 50-55-60. Ngokuphambene, umsebenzi pituitary kungase kuphikelele kukho konke ukuphila.

• Ezindaweni ezahlukene inqubo yokuguga ungaboniswa ntshashintshe.

• Izinga yokuguga e kwezitho izinhlelo iyahlukahluka. Izinguquko emathanjeni nakuba zikhona ekuseni, landa kancane. Ukukhubazeka e isimiso sezinzwa kungase ziyaphuma kamuva, uthuthuka ngokushesha.

• Izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni ahlukahlukene ziyahlukahluka isiqondiso (build-ukubhujiswa). Lesi saga sibonisa ukulungiswa yezinguquko umzimba, kulawula, kunokuba ekuqongeleleni elula.

I ukuguga Imiphumela inqubo e morphological, sakhiwo, iziyaluyalu sokusebenza. Zibonisa anatomy ubudala. Phakathi ukuguga ushintsho ukubukeka isilinganiso, izitho obusebenzayo, usayizi nesikhundla sabo. Ngokwesibonelo, isisindo zobuchopho, Ubukhulu bayo nevolumu uncipha 20-25%. Ukuthola izinguquko okuholela yokufa kwamangqamuzana engokwemvelo, futhi kancane kancane futhi isisindo sazo umzimba incipha.

Anatomy libhekene ukwehla ubukhulu lezitho buthakathaka nemisipha, kukhona ptosis. Ukukhishwa kungaba engalingani kanye kuholele ukuphazamiseka wokusebenza. A kungabangela ukugula okungathí sina.

Kanjani abagulayo nasebekhulile

ubufakazi Ubudala womuntu hhayi kuphela isimo ethile yomphakathi, kodwa futhi mayelana izici of ukugeleza izifo ezivamile kungavuka iminyaka engu-20, futhi 76. Ngokwesibonelo, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, sibi izifo zokuphefumula viral, umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Izici zezifo nesenzakalo kwasebekhulile yilezi:

• Atypical ngoba. izindlela Attenuation ukuzivikela kuphumela ukulimaza enkulu nesineke abadala. komkhuhlane kungaholela inyumoniya zamazwe amabili, futhi imihuzuko ezincane - ukuze esibhibhayo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kufanele kube ezanele ngaso sonke isikhathi.

• Effacement yesithombe emtholampilo. Esimeni ukwephulwa abalulekile ukusabela komzimba akulingani futsi kuholela izikhalazo abampofu. inyumoniya Bilateral uqhubeke nge lokushisa komzimba 37,1.

• Emzimbeni kukhona ukwephulwa phezu ingxenye izitho eziningi izinhlelo. Ngakho-ke, exacerbation of izifo endocrine uhlelo bangase balwisane izimpawu izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

• ukubukeka Early lwezikhalazo. Compensatory kungenzeka kakhulu libukelwa phansi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ngisho nalapho izimpawu zokuqala izikhalazo isifo kungaba ephawulekayo.

Izifo kwasebekhulile

Isizathu salokhu siwukuthi yonke yobudala kukhona ejwayelekile, izifo ezithile. Lapho, ezigulini esezikhulile. Dementia, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, incontinence urinary - uhlu eqhubekile. Iningi izifo ezihambisana nokuguga, futhi kungenzeka ngaphambili. Kodwa ngo-90% izimo, baye azibonakali emva 60.

Lokho ephatha wezifo

ukunakekelwa Medical singanikezwanga Okwamanje uthola kusukela udokotela ngakunye iziguli nomlawuli abangontanga. abelaphi yabo aphathe. Ezinye izikole zezokwelapha balungiselela kakade Ochwepheshe enjalo ukusebenza emitholampilo, kanjalo maduze futhi esifundazweni uzokwazi mathupha ukuthola ukuthi yini ezokwenzeka wezifo udokotela. Akazange nje uyaqonda ukuthi isifo zenzeka ezigulini esezikhulile, kodwa futhi ukwazi izici nesenzakalo yabo, ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kuleli qembu lobudala. Ukuhlaziya izikhalazo futhi okwatholakala laboratory kanye nezindlela wezinsimbi, kwenza uphethwe. Ngemva kokuqhathanisa isihloko umphumela kungenzeka yokuphathwa ku comorbidities ukhetha elilungile lwemithi zokwelapha. Geriatrics ungaba lunye nezenhliziyo izintothololo, Endocrinology, Neurology, nokunye. D.

Izifo uhlelo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi

Iningi labantu abadala babe zokugula we isimiso semithambo yegazi. Arteriosclerosis, umfutho ophakeme wegazi ezihlukahlukene, arrhythmia, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo - zonke lezi izifo awukudla wezifo zeminyaka efanelekile.

izifo zezinzwa

Kuyinto leli qembu izifo kakhulu kukhawulela ikhono ezigulini esezikhulile ukuba self-service. ukwelashwa ekhaya wabo imvelo nakho kungagcini. Parkinson, i-Alzheimer, isifo sohlangothi, ukuwohloka, nezinye izifo eziningi kuyoba ophethe asebekhule.

zokugula ngengqondo

Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka - uvame ukuhamba amadala abangontanga. Ngenxa iziguli zabo ukunciphisa nabantu, ivaliwe futhi ebiyelwe nyá ukuphila okumatasa. Lena akuyona nje umlingiswa ethile, kudingeka wenze ukwelashwa okufanele we egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

Umzimba kanye endocrine iziyaluyalu

Ukuphazamiseka nezindlala endocrine kakhulu zilulaza ukusebenza kwezinye izinhlaka bese izinhlelo. Ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela kuholela polyneuropathy. ukuqhubeka yezinkinga kungaba izilonda trophic, ubuthakathaka, kwehle umbono, ukuthuthukiswa ifomu kobuhlungu ka isilethikusebenza. Thyrotoxicosis kuholela ukuphazamiseka ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Izifo kohlelo genitourinary

Ubuthakathaka, wendlala adenoma, enuresis, zenzo ziwukubonakaliswa ezivamile yokuguga. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi Kutholwe ptosis kwezinso noma bacteriuria ngaphandle izimpawu zezifo (lokushisa, indices kwezinso shift Kla) asidingi ukwelashwa. Kulokhu, zingabantu nje kukhombisa yobudala lesiguli.

Kwemizwelo of the system zemisipha

A isithiyo elisemqoka kuya ukunyakaza kwabantu asebekhulile kukhona ukwephulwa eziningi of the system zemisipha. Lokhu kwakubangelwa ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kwamathambo izinguquko. kuyaqina Unciphise disc intervertebral, okungaba ukushintsha indawo yabo.

Tifo letibangwa pheshana emathunjini

Nge wokwehla umsebenzi nezindlala wokugaya ukudla bese emathunjini motility waphawula ukuqunjelwa, hemorrhoids, emifantwini bendunu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ukuwohloka ukubona, ukuzwa, ethintekayo kubenza bavame ukuba ukwehla lithathelwe social iziguli anjalo. Ngo yobudala abantu ubudala faka, abanezifo mayelana 4. Inombolo yabo kabili enye engu-10.

Kungani ngidinga ukuxhumana Geriatrics ukwenza

Lapho izikhalazo ezigulini esezikhulile ozama zelaphe wena. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside ngemuva kokuhluleka ukuthola izindlela ezihlukahlukene bephendukela owelapha wendawo. Ezimweni eziningi, iziguli zithola indinganiso ukwelashwa lwemithi khona, ngaphandle kucatshangelwa ikhono ukusefa izinso kanye nezinye izinguquko ezihlobene nokukhula. Kuyinto Uchwepheshe oye wacwaninga ikakhulukazi zomzimba abadala futhi ukusabela kwemithi, kungasiza kakhulu ngempumelelo.

Nokho, bezibuza ukuthi uhlobo udokotela wezifo, kumelwe akhumbule ukuthi hhayi kuphela awukudla. Uchwepheshe efanayo kumele afake isicelo kusengaphambili sokuthuthukisa uhlelo ngabanye yokulondoloza ukuphila okumatasa. It izobandakanya izincomo ukuvivinya umzimba, ukudla kanye umzimba. Isincomo for ukwelashwa ngokuhambisana yobudala isiguli uzonikezwa uma kwenzeka lokugula. Zibonisa ngokujulile ulwazi imbangela okubuyayo ku asebekhule.

Manje kukhona abangaba yizigidi ezingu-700 ubudala abadala futhi senile. Isilinganiso sobudala labantu emhlabeni liye landa kancane kancane okwandisa. Lokhu kuthambekela kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubikezela ukwanda ukufunwa ukunakekelwa izintothololo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.