Gentian: zokutshala nokunakekela. Indlela ukhule ube gentian engadini

Gentian ongakabi bagxilile phakathi abatshali zethu njengendlela umhlobiso imbali imibhede ethandwa. Kuhle ezingavamile ukuthola phambi engadini lanamuhla. Nokho, lesi sitshalo dedengu bengahlonishwa.

Gentian. sici

Lena ongaphakeme noma naphakathi ukuphakama imbiza izimbali big, etholakala eduze kakhulu nomunye, ukudala ifu ngaleyo ndlela zom. isitshalo gentian beza kithi kusukela zasendle. Uphelele for ekuhlobiseni zezimbali, edging amalungiselelo flower, kanye futhi kuthuthukiswe curbs. Le mbali eqoqwe palette ebanzi kakhulu shades blue. Asikho esinye isitshalo abakwazi ukuqhosha eziningi kangaka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lokuyibubende imibala. Izinhlobonhlobo gentian Kukhona amagama angaba ngu-90, phakathi kwawo kukhona eminye imibala, ezifana emhlophe, pink yellow.

Lesi simila kuyinto entabeni bukhule emachibini eliphezulu kakhulu, kusukela 1200 kuya 5000 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle.

Gentian ezahlukene isikhathi zezimbali eside, oqala ehlobo futhi iphela ekupheleni kwekwindla. Kuyinto kuvamile Ezindaweni ezahlukene eYurophu nase-Asia.

zinhlobo

omangalisayo gentian - ke ingenye kwezinhlobo kwencani, ukuphakama hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-7 cm, namahlamvu ewumngcingo shiloobraznymi. Kukhona ugesi phakathi imbali campanulate.

Gentiana macrophylla - kukhona izimo Usayizi medium, ukufinyelela 10 amasentimitha ukuphakama, namahlamvu okusaqanda oluhlaza noma onsomi. Phezulu bavela ihlukaniswe yaba izingcezu eziningana, ukuhlinzeka i-mass ngisho omangalisayo ngaphezulu ezimibalabala. Bud ngokwayo has a insimbi emise pink ngemivimbo amnyama abomvu. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene gentian bayakwazisa izimbali zabo kusukela ngo-September kuya ekupheleni kuka-October.

Gentian Sino-ehlotshisiwe - lena ingenye kwezinhlobo emikhulu, ukufinyelela 15 cm ubude, ne, amahlamvu ewumngcingo usungulo emise, elikhanyayo futhi acacile ezimthende izimbali. Umbala Amabha kungaba blue qwa noma ogodweni. It izinhlobo ngaphambili ezithanda izimbali zabo kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-August.

Gentian Arethusa okufana kakhulu uhlobo ezichazwe ngenhla, ezingafani Iphalethi izimbali, okuyinto okhanyayo noma ocebile nsomi ngokubomvu band amnyama ezansi. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene ngasekupheleni-kusukela ngo-August kuya ku-October.

capitatum gentian - lena zilwane ezinkulu kakhulu, ukufinyelela 30 amasentimitha ukuphakama, nge amacembe pink-purple eziye oluneziqhingi iphethini emaphethelweni futhi ezansi. Izimbali senzeka ngo-September nango-October.

gentian Yellow - kwezinhlobo okwelapha kakhulu akuzona izakhiwo zokuhlobisa kakhulu.

Gentian pink-akujabulela. Enye abamele enkulu amasentimitha kufika ku-50 zezitshalo, pink izimbali, olulodwa enkulukazi, onqenqemeni amacembe jagged. Kuyinto isiko abandayo nemithi, okuyinto blooms kusuka Okthoba kuze kube frost.

chernolistnaya gentian - kohlobo encane. Lezi zimbali ziba zinkulu, bright blue, igcwele amachashazi amhlophe. It blooms ekwindla, ngo-September nango-October.

ukuqina gentian. Isenzakalo ezinkulu, ukufinyelela ngamasentimitha 50 ukuphakama, nge izimbali okhanyayo Lilac. inkathi zezimbali - kusukela ngo-August kuya ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.

Gentian. Ukutshala kanye Ukunakekela

Lesi simila kunzima ukukhula, idinga ukukhethwa izimo ezikhethekile. Ngisho ne ukubukeka kwalo esiyingqayizivele zokuhlobisa, ngempela ezingavamile emasimini ethu lesi sitshalo njenge-gentian. Nokunakekela ke zithandwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Indlela ezihlukahlukene gentian ngamunye uhlukile ngempela. Kuye lapho likhula endle ungaba ukukhanya-edinga, zikhetha izindawo libalele, futhi umthunzi-onothando, hhayi ngokuletha elangeni. Kodwa njengoba umthetho, indawo ekahle ukuze ubafake luluhlangothi lwasentshonalanga kanye penumbra ukukhanya. Futhi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi gentian - isitshalo intaba, akakubekezeleli iphele ukuphuma futhi uvuma kahle ezindaweni umswakama high, isibonelo, amadamu yemvelo noma emishinini.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ungase uthole nokuthi uba nobunzima lapho ukhetha inhlabathi. Gentian ukhetha khona amatshe enhlabathini, kanye nesidingo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izwe kalula permeable, njengoba lesi sitshalo akakubekezeleli amanzi yokujama tsi.

Okusakazwa sokuhlukanisa ehlathini, cuttings noma Ukuhlwanyela imbewu isitshalo njenge-gentian. Nokunakekela izithombo zidinga ukunakekelwa. Gentian landa lisuka imbewu kunzima, ngoba imbewu incane kakhulu, nokuthuthuka kwabo kudinga olumanzi, izimo kahle umoya ezingeni lokushisa 7 degrees Celsius. Bathi nje sikhule izinyanga 1-3. Uma ngalesi sikhathi izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu, izithombo angase afe. Ukuze ukuhluma kwezinhlobo imbewu zidinga inhlabathi sakhiwa yesihlabathi Peat ku isilinganiso 2: 1. Imbewu musa afafaze phansi waphuzisa kuphela, ngenxa okuyinto afakwa ungqimba inhlabathi.

Gentian ukukhiqizwa kabusha lula kakhulu Kwenziwa sokuhlukanisa ehlathini ekwindla. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kufanele ugcine ngokucophelela emhlabeni com, kanye uhlelo isitshalo impande. Ngakho kungcono umile izimpande ungafi.

Izici

Lesi sitshalo has izimbali kwezokwelapha. Gentian kabanzi zokupheka of imithi yendabuko. Isikhathi esining impela asetshenziswe isiko eChina naseNdiya.

Okwamanje, emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise eRussia, gentian ohlwini ezisengozini, ngoba Silahle inqwaba ke ngenjongo ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha.

ayelapha

Gentian eqhukethe glycosides - izinto ezibabayo, nakanjani nomthelela ekusebenzeni pheshana emathunjini, kanye nokunikeza isenzo antispasmodic. Umhlabathi okuyingxenye isetshenziswa ekwelapheni kolwelwesi kanye nesifo. okuyigugu ngokukhethekile lezi zimfanelo ophuzi gentian.

Plant izimpande igcwele ngisho izinhlobo eziningana glycosides okumunyu, ezifana amarosverin, gentsiopikrin nabanye. Lezi alkaloids neqhaza nokucindezela ukukhwehlela, ukuquleka ezihlukahlukene, ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba, futhi ube isinyathelo eqeda ukuvuvukala.

Gentian ngenxa okuqukethwe eliphezulu alkaloids ehlukahlukene acid esetshenziswa njengoba Iziphungo ekwelapheni izifo ze-pheshana emathunjini, nenyongo sesinye futhi isibindi. Futhi-ke has umphumela antifungal kanye kuyasita ekwelapheni isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga, sifo, isilungulela, ukuqunjelwa kanye ephethwe yisifo sezinsini.

Enhle ewusizo imbali gentian. Ukutshala nokunakekela kungaba olukhohlisayo, kodwa nezitshalo ikhambi, futhi sikwazisa zokuhlobisa yayo. Musa ukuphika ngokwakho injabulo isitshalo gentian engadini yakho siqu, njengoba ubuhle izimbali ufaneleke kalula wonke umzamo.