Gaz-12 Ukucaciswa nezithombe

Eyokuqala Soviet kwekilasi imoto Gaz-12 (Zim) yenziwa workshop ka the Gorky Automobile Plant esikhathini kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1959. Umshini yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa yangaphakathi kuphela amalungu kahulumeni, abaholi benhlangano abaphezulu.

iphrojekthi

Ukuthuthukiswa imodeli Gaz-12 kwenziwa ngesikhathi esifushane, sasingekho isikhathi ukwakha ikhaya elisha ngaphandle kwemigomo umshini, ngakho isisekelo sokuthethelelwa American wathatha "yango" Ukukhululwa ngo-1948. Kopisha Ingaphandle ayengasetshenziswa kuphela zezinkulumo eziyisisekelo.

izici lobuchwepheshe

Umzimba Gaz-12 kwenziwa uhlaka umsindo, bonke-metal, ahlukaniswa wayengekho. Njengoba ehlukile emzimbeni isici esetshenziswa kuphela sub-module, zazo ogibele phansi bulkhead umshudo. Mangisho ukuthi umklamo bureau zalesi sihlahla ithathe kunobungozi, ukuthatha njengomuntu frameless isisekelo, njengoba imoto eziyisithupha enezihlalo ngezinhla ezintathu izihlalo okuhloswe isitokwe okuphoqelekile okwenziwa ezikhungweni ukuqina kanye ubude okungase banikeze kuphela Uhlaka aqinile kwesiteshi.

Nokho, konke kwanqunywa indlela engcono kakhulu: supply ezidingekayo of ukuqina sidaliwe ngenxa idayagonali izigaba eziphothene asezindaweni ezikahle kulo lonke indiza imoto phansi. Ngakho kungenzeka ukunciphisa isisindo emzimbeni inani ngaphandle kokulahleka kwamandla Coefficient.

Kodwa ngokuhamba ekusebenzeni izimoto ngomzimba Gaz-M-12 phathelana ezikhonjwe zinokukhubazeka okungathi sína obangelwe ukungamethembi umuntu rigidity izakhi izithelo. amandla kwesakhiwo buthaka ngenxa njalo vibration imithwalo, kanye ukucindezeleka okubangelwa ukuzamazamisa umshini indiza longitudinal. Ngenxa inketho frameless lomzimba kwadingeka ukuba uyekwe.

ukuhlanganisa

Ekuqaleni, Gaz-12 libuthene ngesandla, ngibhala amadokhumenti serial elihambayo inqubo. ekukhiqizweni imoto Lwenziwe by ngezinga eliphezulu ukuvumelana, okuyinto abanye izinyathelo kwafinyelela kumaphesenti angu-50. izingxenye eziningi futhi imihlangano lathathwa model of "Ukunqoba M-20", Gaz-51 iloli futhi kamuva - Gaz-53-12, ngaleso sikhathi owayehamba ukuthuthukiswa.

amandla plant

On imoto efakwe ethuthukisiwe injini GAS-11 nge ukusebenza isilinda umthamo 3485 cc. cm, 90 hp, okuyinto amakhilomitha kuze kufinyelele 120 ngehora athuthukile GAS-12 ngesilinganiso.

Injini izici amandla iyunithi:

• uhlobo kaphethiloli;
• inani amasilinda - 6;
• Stroke - 110 mm;
• isilinda ubukhulu - 82 mm,
• zlib isilinganiso - 6.7;
• ukudla - carburetor K-21;
• Ukuphola amanzi;
• Uphethiloli ukusetshenziswa kwimodi okuxubile - 19 amalitha 100 ikhilomitha ngalinye;
• fuel ezinconyiwe - uphethiloli A70, A72.

ukudluliswa

Imoto Gaz-12 kwaba ifakwe ukudluliswa ibhukwana nge izici ezilandelayo:

• uhlobo - ezivumelanisiwe hydromechanical;
• Isibalo ngesivinini - 3;
• amagiya - pair Helical;
• Ukuphathwa - usuke mechanical isigwedlo drive.

Ingaphandle

idatha yangaphandle wemoto sihlangabezane nezidingo isikhathi, wabuka umzimba babanjwa, ukuhamba kalula wadala umbono ubuqotho isakhiwo. Kwaba kuthrendi kwalandelwa yonke abakhiqizi US izimoto ezithwala, yayiphumula futhi eZim. Gaz-12 kwaba imoto multi-Ikilasi lokuqala, futhi-ke, imoto waba umthombo yokuziqhenya njengoba abadali labo bantu ngoba okwathiwa ohlosiwe.

Imoto ehilelekile zonke imiboniso zemikhosi, embukisweni semibukiso, kule nkundla, "embonini yezimoto wase-USSR." Naphezu "yensimbi kwesihenqo" ezazikhona ngesikhathi phakathi eZweni amaSoviet futhi emazweni aseNtshonalanga Gaz-12 ubudala zazisebenza akhishelwe khona phesheya ukukhonjiswa at imoto libonisa e Berlin, Madrid naseParis.

ingaphakathi

Soviet Limousine wezangaphakathi ehlotshisiwe ngokuhambisana imiqondo okunethezeka naleso sikhathi. Zonke izingxenye zensimbi gumbi zambozwa iphethini zokuhlobisa nezinhlobo esibalulekile ngokugcwele izinkuni ungeze umbono okunethezeka. Iphansi emotweni nakanjani laligcwele okhaphethi, aba nesandla ekuthuthukeni kwalo kuya cishe ngokuphelele umsindo ukwahlukanisa.

Ngokusho ezingeni kanokusho umhlobiso angaphakathi imodeli 12 th siphakeme kunabo bonke abanye ZIS-110 yayo kuphela uhulumeni, okuyinto akukaze eziqhutshwa noma itekisi noma i-ambulense, futhi ayebhekwa abaphezulu ugibele imoto umkhakha e-USSR.

Ukuthengisa izimoto ezandleni yangasese

Gaz-12 kwaba imoto nesibongo nekilasi ukumelwa, okuyinto angathengwa at okudayisa. Izindleko umshini kuya ku-1961 kwaba ruble 40 000. Ngaleso sikhathi kwaba imali eningi uma ucabangela ukuthi isilinganiso iholo umuntu Soviet ingeqi ruble 650. Okunethezeka imoto "Ukunqoba M-20" abiza ruble 16.000, futhi "Moskvich-401" - anesithoba amawaka. Ngakho, emgqeni ZIMom hhayi zikleliswe, kodwa ososayensi kanye ezibucayi yobuciko le moto ephethwe.

Esikhathini yoma ekuqaleni, kwakukhona yokukhansela mass Gaz-12 kusuka zikahulumeni. Lezi izimoto umzuzile ngabanye ababengakwazi ukuthenga "Lada" omusha, okwabangela inhlekelele wawo kungathi izinkulungwame eziyisihlanu.

Namuhla ingatholakala Zim ezahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi izindawo eziningi ezingalindelekile. Kwamanye Imishini izinjini amaloli, kuba ukudluliswa engacabangeki nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinsimbi izindlela ezingavamile. Imishini embonini isethi ephelele - a rarity.

imfashini okusha futhi ekupheleni ukukhiqizwa

Lwathi luphela imodeli 50s Gaz-12 waqala ngokushesha ulahlekelwe idumela lalo. I fashion yezimoto emhlabeni wonke sashintsha isigubhukane isiqondiso, yonke indawo a sesimanje imishini isitshalo ngokwenza emizimbeni yefomu ngokuyinhloko entsha.