FTTx - kuyini? FTTx ubuchwepheshe

Manje kuyisinyathelo yokunikeza abasebenzisi nge ukufinyelela ku-intanethi, lapho izinkampani eziningi, baqala ukusebenzisa izinto zobuchwepheshe obuphambili, isibonelo, FTTx. It isidlulile kubize ngakho futhi kunzima njengoba kwakunjalo eminyakeni engu-5-6 edlule. Imakethe isivele ayegcwele izipesheli lolo sizo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba sihlole kabanzi nomqondo FTTx. Okungukuthi, kuyokhanya, uma lokumba ubuchwepheshe uqobo.

Izici

Ukuze usebenzise noma yiziphi ubuchwepheshe obusha kudinga ukusetshenziswa izinsiza ezithile, futhi kulokhu azihlukile futhi FTTx. Kuyini nokuthi usebenza kanjani uzobe kuchazwe ngemuva kwalokhu.

FTTx yigama elididiyelayo ngawo luchazwa le ndlela yokucabanga evamile kanjani ukwakheka inethiwekhi ikhebula ingqalasizinda, lapho ngokukhulumisana node iphuzu elithile, ukubizwa ngokuthi «x», welula fibre optical, futhi eminye kakade ngqo ue kuvuleke ikhebula zethusi. Ungacaba yokukhanya ngqo kudivayisi noma amadivaysi ezisebenza ku-intanethi. Ngokuvamile kubhekwe kuphela ezingeni ezingokwenyama lapho yokuxhuma FTTx. Kuyini lokhu? Kuyinto nje emgqeni uqobo. Nokho, wona kanye umqondo kusho ukusetshenziswa ngaphezulu inombolo ubuchwepheshe isixhumanisi nakunethiwekhi ezingeni. Siyabonga izinkampani broadband ukuze ukwazi ukunikeza amakhasimende nge zinsiza.

Yini ezithakazelisayo inethiwekhi?

Njengoba injini eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa FTTx ubuchwepheshe okwamanje imele ezinkulu zabathengi isidingo sokufinyelela broadband, okuyinto emangalisayo nzima ukufeza usebenzisa ADSL bendabuko. Yokukhanya ngokwethukela lijule emadolobheni amakhulu, futhi manje ungaba ukuthambekela uhlangane abaqhubi emazingeni ehlukene. Ngezenzo wasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, nasemizaneni, lapho ukufinyelela yokuqala kwi-Inthanethi Yakhiwa ngesisekelo indlela optical.

ukuthuthukiswa ngamathemba emakethe

Ukuze uqonde kangcono okushiwo lobu buchwepheshe, kufanele ucabangele amathemba ukuthuthukiswa FTTx. Kuyini lokhu? On insimu Russian kwetinhlavu emakethe amasevisi ezifana akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni ukufuneka okusezingeni eliphezulu ikhwalithi yokuqukethwe, kodwa futhi ngenani emisebenzini yokwakha ezinobukhulu esikhulu, kanye lokuncintisana phakathi nabahlinzeka ngemisebenzi broadband. Ukuthuthukiswa ashukumisayo kokwakhiwa emafulethini kuye kwasho ukuthi kumelwe FTTx uxhumano kakhulu ngokuvamile ngaphezu kwawo wonke amanye izinhlobo noxhumo lenethiwekhi. It ulungisiswa ngokuya kwezomnotho, futhi khona umncintiswano kwenza ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi ishibhile. Esikhathini esingeside ngakho opharetha edlule wabheka ngokukhethekile ku-corporate zokubhalisa uhlangothi, futhi manje, ebonisa nesithakazelo kanye namakhasimende avamile.

Izici yokwakhiwa

Kuze kube muva nje, FTTx ubuchwepheshe esetshenziswa opharetha ababengenawo ingqalasizinda abo izizukulwane ubudala. Kodwa izinkampani bayanda ubhekelele amanethiwekhi entsha eminyakeni yamuva. Esinye sezizathu lesi simanga ibizwa ngokuthi ithuba bandise amasevisi, ukunwetshwa amanethiwekhi yokwenziwa esekelwe fibre optical (Pon), kanye ukusatshalaliswa Metro-Ethernet, ukunciphisa izindleko imishini, impumelelo opharetha eziningi ekwakhiweni lolu hlobo amanethiwekhi.

Kunohlobo olusha okuqukethwe

FTTx Inthanethi ngokubaluleka kuthandwa ngenxa yokuthi abantu yesimanje bakhangwa izinhlobo ezintsha bokuqukethwe esezingeni ihluzo kanye ephezulu definition vidiyo. Njengoba eziyisisekelo kulethe funa ukukhula izinhlelo ezifana isibe banda abantu abanesithakazelo kuyi-video amasevisi. Uma maphakathi gravity budluliselwe kusuka amaningi okusakaza womuntu ngamunye, izidingo ababhalisile anda Kwabiwa-bandwidth, maduze nje kuyoba kuze wamamegabhayithi 100 yesibili yasendlini ngamunye.

Manje ngenkuthalo abathengisa LCD HDTV, okwenza kube ukunikeza amakhasimende ukufinyelela izinhlelo zethelevishini quality kangcono kunalokho TV oluyohlala ngefomethi analog. Isinyathelo enengqondo kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa IP-TV. Lokhu kuzovumela abasebenzisi ukukhetha Amabhayisikobho, ukudluliswa kanye nemibukiso, kanye nesikhathi lapho kuyoba elula kakhulu ukubukela. Yingakho singase sithi uxhumano mass FTTx xPON kakade isiseduze. Okwamanje, iyiphi kubhejwa-ISP ezitshaliwe fibre optical, njengoba investimenti Emashumini eminyaka alandela, ngenkathi inzuzo ziyoyidlula izindleko kaningi. Kuphela le ukuchaza ngakho ngenkuthalo ukuthenga fibre imigqa, ezihlukahlukene amaphrojekthi wendiza, kuhlanganise emisha kanye ezifana kubekwa yokukhanya ngqo imishini zokubhalisa.

izingozi

Nokho, Ixhuma FTTx xPON eminyakeni ezayo ngeke VO, eqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwe-broadband, bezikhali optical fibre isakhiwo kuphezulu ukuze Ungaqiniseka ngokuphelele of the ukubuya on izimali ezitshaliwe. Manje kakhulu ngenkuthalo usebenza emkhakheni sesimanje backbone amanethiwekhi kanye nobuchwepheshe emakethe FTTx, imishini kanye nezinye izingxenye basesimweni esigabeni design, isifundo kanye nokuhlolela igciwane kancane kancane.

Yiziphi architectures ezahlukene?

Rostelecom FTTx ubuchwepheshe ongasebenza kwelinye izinhlobo eziningana architectures:

- FTTN (Fibre kuya Node) - fibre optical badedele node inethiwekhi;

- FTTC (Fibre kuya Lomgwaqo) - fiber ukhangwa komakhelwane, ikota noma izindlu ezingaphezu;

- FTTB (Fibre kuya Isakhiwo) - fibre optical engena esakhiweni;

- FTTH (Fibre Lwasekhaya) - i fibre optical badedele ekhaya.

Umehluko kuphela kuleyo ndawo ikhebula optical ukuphela umsebenzisi. Eyokuqala izixazululo amabili ayengoMahaloni kuqala kunazo zonke. Eyokuqala wabo usetshenziselwa manje, kodwa njengoba isabelomali futhi ngokushesha phaka lapho kakade ingqalasizinda ukusatshalaliswa Copper fibre optic ikhebula kudluliswa umane ezingenanzuzo. Wonke umuntu ejwayelene nobunzima ezihambisana isinqumo esinjalo: aphansi ikhwalithi yamasevisi, abhanqiwe nge izakhiwo olukhethekile izintambo ithusi, ukugwenywa inani ukuxhumana nesivinini asebentisa indlela ikhebula olulodwa. Eyesibili uhlobo - kuyathuthuka futhi ilungiswe samuntu sokuqala, engewona nokho nemibi esingokwemvelo okukhulunywa. Ukubeka izintambo ithusi Kulokhu Kwenziwa kuphela ngaphakathi izakhiwo, ngakho ngeke angaphansi zonke izinhlobo izici elimazayo, ubude imigqa akuyona omkhulu kangaka. Zonke lezi zici enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba sifinyelele ngcono endaweni isivinini ukuthi akasebenzisi fibre. babheka ithuba elinjalo isebenza uma uxhumano isetshenziswa FTTx xPON. It is egxile opharetha ADSL futhi opharetha cable TV. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo bokwakha kubanike ithuba Ukonga okukhulu ngokwandisa inani abasebenzisi axhunyiwe. Ngamunye wabo lizonikwa ezinkulu -bandwidth. lolu hlobo opharetha ezincane inethiwekhi elisetshenziswe kaningi Russia.

izici

Izinkinga ezihlobene ukuthunyelwa imishini abasebenza lobu buchwepheshe incike lahlukene izizathu:

- noma ngabe kukhona ingqalasizinda okunye, noma ngaphambi noma yini esihlatshiwe lingasetshenziswanga;

- kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusekhaya indawo imishini asebenzayo, noma ukuthi kukhona ukulinganiselwa ezithile;

- bangaki abasebenzisi uhlose ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi entsha;

- iqoqo izici ezibalulekile ngokulinganayo.

amadivaysi FTTx esigungwini kungenziwa ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka letitsite kakhulu, it is uboshelwe «x» iphuzu. Ububanzi ezihlinzekwa inkampani, kuye ngenani kanye nohlobo esibonakalayo osebenzisa imishini, kanye lo mshini ukulawula traffic. Uma ufuna ukugcina ingqalasizinda ekhona ke ukhetho best ukusebenzisa izinhlelo FTTC / FTTB, nokuba optical uplink-interface. Ukusebenzisa kwabo elifanele amabhizinisi ezinkulu obujwayelekile, izindawo zamabhizinisi kanye izakhiwo zokuhlala, lapho kukhona ingqalasizinda zethusi zangaphambili ezikhona. Lokhu kuzodinga kudivayisi ngalinye ukubeka router FTTx.

isiphetho

Ngamagama kwezomnotho, inhlangano amanethiwekhi esekelwe optical fibre technology kakhulu angalunga lokuhlushwa abalulekile abakhokhayo, noma ukwakhiwa izigodi entsha yezindlu, lapho izinkinga yenhlangano ku ebeka izintambo kukhona esiteji design. Inethiwekhi kufanele kuhlelwe ukuze iphuzu ukuphela is closer kuze umsebenzisi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukwakhiwa izindawo entsha into elungile ezihambisana eyilethe ngqo esakhiweni ukuthi kuyoba esilungele kokubili isiqalo esikhathini esizayo.