Fish umndeni ka loaches (isithombe)

Loaches chithi emhlabeni wonke, kodwa Ukuboshelwa. Alapho e Central Asia, e-Europe (ngaphandle enyakatho), e-Afrika naseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia. Creepers engatholakali e-Australia, emazweni aseMelika, e imifula-Arctic Ocean. Nokho, imibono njalo ezifudukayo, futhi isimo angashintsha.

Amachibi izinhlanzi Russia ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe sezilwane ezidumile popularizer kwekhulu le-19, LP Sabaneev. imikhuba siqu, yokuphila futhi ezinye izici ezithile loaches siyazi emsebenzini wakhe.

ngezigaba

Loaches kukhona iqembu eminingi ye carps. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, umndeni It ihlukaniswe yaba subfamilies ezintathu: vyunopodobnye, goltsopodobnye futhi botsiepodobnye. Ngu vyunopodobnym zihlanganisa Loach yangasese, kuhlanganise obanzi kunayo ezweni lethu - abavamile futhi spined. Goltsopodobnyh has mayelana 15 izizukulwane; Lokhu subfamily ubonisa enkulu "nomqondo ovulekile": ezinye amalungu eqembu uncamela abandayo okusheshayo-esilazayo ukusakaza entabeni, nezinye (izimpumputhe Loach) - emi emanzini emihumeni.

Botsiepodobnye Creepers zisabalele eThailand, Indonesia ne-Vietnam. Kuyinto kula mazwe wathola abameleli bokuqala loaches. Botia futhi leptobotsii etholakalayo eYurophu njengenhlangano inhlanzi aquarium. Uhlobo lwe fanele Botsiev clown abadumile, engatholwa ngasiphi esitolo isilwane. Wonke umkhaya ka loaches kukhona ayiningi kakhulu, kodwa ichthyologists bayaqhubeka bethola kwezinhlobo ezintsha kuze kube yilolu suku.

izici Jikelele

Loaches siphile futhi ondle eduze kwangaphansi. Lesi sici kunqunywa ukubukeka Loach: wonke amalungu omkhaya yinde umzimba, bruskovatoe noma ribbonlike, ngezinye izikhathi - inhloko kancane isicaba. Umlomo loaches itholakala ezansi. Amaphiko iDemo fin. Izikali okungcono engajulile kakhulu futhi kahle camera izimbici evikela umzimba ekulimaleni Loach. Nokho, kukhona nqunu ngokuphelele izinhlanzi. Amehlo amancane. Olunye uhlobo, basuke embozwe isikhumba esobala (futhi, sokuvikelwa). sibaluli esidingekayo nommeleli ngamunye umndeni - the izimpondo. Kungase kube kusuka 3 kuya ku-6 ngazimbili. Nares Loach ayimibhobho side. Creepers futhi Botia baye podglaznye spikes retractable. Umjovo we spike kungabangela ukuvuvukala. Podglazny spike - isilinganiso kuqhathaniswa ngempumelelo yokulwa izinyoni ezidla inyama.

loaches Fish umndeni akawuthandi ukukhanya okukhulu, ivuswe ngu kuhlwe. Creepers sekukonke ucobekile futhi ube nemfihlo (lokhu akusebenzi kuphela abanye loaches). amalungu amaningi omkhaya abe propensity ngoba egqiba odakeni noma isihlabathi. Kukhona inyamazane abagcinanga ku ezinamagobolondo futhi izibungu, kodwa ulinde izikhathi ezimbi - ezifana nesomiso.

Nansi Misgurnus fossilis, noma umbokwane ezivamile. Photo inikeza umqondo omuhle indawo Intshebe ethintekayo:

I umbokwane ezivamile

Misgurnus fossilis, esihlala emanzini silty namaxhaphozi emifuleni emazweni amaningi aseYurophu - ilungu edume kakhulu umndeni. Sabaneev wabhala ukuthi abadobi Russian bona ikakhulukazi dengwane ngenxa ubukhulu ezincane (mayelana 25 cm), nakuba kwezinye izifundazwe (isib, Minsk), umbokwane yayidumile njengoba izithako esihlwabusayo futhi lutholakale kalula ngoba isobho. EJalimane, kwanqunywa ukuba phisa ubhiya noma uviniga. Futhi Loach omisiwe ebusika.

Eqinisweni, umbokwane engajulile hhayi kuphela, kodwa hhayi ikakhulukazi ezikhangayo: kuyahlanganiswa izimbici, futhi kokuba ngikhishwa amanzi, liphindelela kudla kanye squealing. Zonke izinhlanzi umndeni Cobitidae unekhono umoya osemkhathini, abakubuthayo emlonyeni edabula kwesigaba ezingemuva emathunjini. Kugcine, futhi kuba inkampani kwezitho zokuphefumula. Lapho umoya uya, it is wezwa umsindo othize, njengomuntu ntswininiza. Ngenxa ukuphefumula emathunjini kakhulu Creepers eziba kulezi zindawo zenza bangase khona isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto in ibhakede lamanzi amadala, uma ukumboza hay. Ngakho-ke, Loach ngokuvamile uwugcine ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo njengoba lolo ngokuba omkhulu izinhlanzi: eyikati, burbot, Pike, umbokwane.

izici ezithakazelisayo

Eqinisweni, umbokwane futhi okumnandi ngempela: inyama yayo elithambile, okunamafutha okuphekiwe ngokushesha. Asians (Japanese futhi Indonesia) hhayi kuphela yafakwa amabhomu agqitshwayo, kodwa ngisho ukuzalela izinhlobo ezithile loaches sokudla. EYurophu Loach loaches zibanjwa ngesikhathi lolo (ehlobo) kanye izicupho (ebusika). Fish loaches umndeni ukhetha ukudla isilwane: ezinamagobolondo, caddis izibungu, amaqanda, izimpethu, kanye molluscs. Phela, umbokwane ubhekana omiyane (noma kunalokho, izibungu zabo): uma umbe echibini eduze nendlu yakhe bazohlala Loach yakhe, uhlushwa izinambuzane ecasulayo Akasekho kunesidingo.

Futhi ekugcineni, Loach kabanzi njengendlela barometer. He is kakhulu ebucayi yezinguquko umfutho womoya: zintanta phezulu, kuphuma amanzi, futhi ngokuvamile liziphathe restlessly, okuyinto engajwayelekile kuye. Umbokwane ungakwazi ngisho "ukubikezela" ukuzamazama komhlaba.

loaches exotic okugcinwa

Ekhulwini le-19, ke yimfashini ukuba izinhlanzi ekhaya, ukuhlela imibukiso futhi ngolwazi. Abalimi babanjwa abavamile emfuleni izinhlanzi azikhulule kubo bukhoma eMoscow Petersburg. Nokho, njengoba wazi, Russia ezihlala emanzini angenawo usawoti kukhona abambalwa. Aquarists efana ezihlukahlukene ngaphezulu. Ngakho kwaba khona ukufunwa izinhlanzi ezingavamile. Kodwa Creepers Asian uvele Russia engxenyeni kwekhulu lama-20 yesibili. Eyokuqala babe akantoftalmusy (subfamily vyunopodobnye) kanye Botia (botsiepodobnye subfamily). Thanda awoyisekazi eYurophu, "Asians" zihlukile variegated Umbala nobuntu izinhlanzi phansi. I okufana ezivamile yalo - inhlanganisela yellow futhi omnyama (grey) izindawo, noma nemithende.

Nasi akantoftalmus ejwayelekile, wormlike ezimthende umbokwane. Photography akuyona the best, kodwa zonke izibonakaliso loaches (umbala variegated, amadevu, komzimba, okufutshane amaphiko fin) itholakala:

Botsiya clown

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke izinhlanzi Ornamental of loaches - upopayi botsiya (igama kubonakala zingachazwa ngezinqubo esikhanyayo, "onamileyo" Umbala enemishwe umlingisi ezithathekayo). Lapho kwazalelwa khona izinhlanzi - eziqhingini Kalimantan futhi yeSumatra. clown umzimba - kungalindelekile esifushane, compact Loach, torpedo, nge esingunxantathu ngokubomvu amaphiko. Ngokuvamile, ubude akuyona ezingaphezu kuka 17 cm nibonakala zifane Clowns eyikati South America, Corydoras -. Ngenxa zokuphila efanayo.

Lezi loaches babe izimpondo kanye podglazny spike, zingabantu omnivorous, bejabule futhi enokuthula. Nakuba lezi zinhlanzi bayakwazi emathunjini ukuphefumula, aba maningi ukwedlula Creepers European, kuncike ubumsulwa amanzi kanye saturation yayo nomoya-mpilo. Futhi, abakwazi axazulule indawo, inhlanzi nolaka (isib cichlid), kanye nezidakamizwa ukwelapha zethusi. Kodwa ngokuvamile, Loach clown - izinhlanzi linesizotha.