Ebuntwaneni Pushkin. Isifinyezo izinkumbulo ngaye

Uba kanjani ubuhlakani? Genius - isithelo umzali noma isipho sikaNkulunkulu? Yini kuthinta ukucabanga angajwayelekile, amandla omoya, enikeza ithuba "kuqhunyiswa" umphakathi imibono yabo nemicabango? Yiziphi geniuses, njengoba ingane?

ebuntwaneni Pushkin

Amazwibela iyiphi oluchaza opus umuntu Okuqukethwe akuzwakali bangahlangana kahle kufundza tigaba letimbalwa, ngeke basebenze nalo muntu. Umfana wazalelwa emndenini umhlalaphansi Major Jaeger Regiment. Alexander kwaba ingane yesibili. Wazalwa ngo-May 26 (6 Juni) 1799, okuyinto encwadini isonto Yelokhovo Cathedral wenza irekhodi 8 Juni. Umkhaya wathuthela eMoscow ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa umfana. Ubaba waqokwa uKhomishana edepho commissariat e 1798. Ngalesi sikhathi ozala Lev Alexandrovich Nethemba Osipovna kakade saba nendodakazi, Olga (owazalwa 1797). Ngo 1803, omunye umfana wazalwa, Leo. Ngaphezu kwalezi izingane ezintathu, futhi kamuva weza ukukhanyisa amahlanu ngaphezulu, kodwa ukuze usinde usewusana behluleka. Lapho isikhulile, sifaka kuphela Olga, Aleksandru Leo.

Kulula bewuhlathulule eyakhula Ngamafuphi Pushkin. Isifinyezo imithombo iyatholakala, ezifana izinkumbulo umfowabo omncane, ukusinika ithuba ukuhlaziya isimo ngokubhuduzela. Kuze engu-nanye, u-Alexander ngahlala nabazali bakhe, abadliwa izinto ezibakhathazayo. Ingane waphathiswa ezandleni abafundisi ngokuvamile ekushintsheni nesiFulentshi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umfana baqala ukukhuluma isiRashiya kunalokho sekwephuzile, kodwa French possessed isithunzi. Iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ayenakho ngenxa yesithakazelo ayenaso kulokho umtapo kayise, ehlanganisa, ngasendleleni, ikakhulukazi ezincwadini French etemibhalo. In amazwi uMfoweth Leo, wavele wazishwabadela amabhuku ngezindawo. Ukuhlola kokufaneleka lokufunda, ngaqala ukubhala izingoma kokwakhe, amahlaya, epigrams.

Zakharova

Kodwa hhayi kuphela endlini lidlule ebuntwaneni zikababa Pushkin. Isifinyezo izinhlamvu ukuze ugogo wakhe nonina Maria Alekseevna kusenza sikwazi ukuba bafinyelele iziphetho mayelana uhlamvu imbongi abasha. Uma ugogo wabhala ukuthi umfana nhlobo halftones noma "phakathi", kungenzeka ukuthi yokwenziwa noma asebenzayo kakhulu. Budedengu ukuqeqeshwa, kodwa "abahahayo" ukufunda. iminyaka ebuntwaneni Pushkin BakaJehova bachitha endlini nogogo eduze eMoscow, wamnika hhayi kuphela ulwazi isiRashiya, kodwa futhi ikhono lokukhulumisana ngesiRashiya (endlini kababa wayekade bancishwa lokhu ngenxa yemfashini). Nanny Arina, uMalume Nikita Kozlov nenqaba ugogo bakwazi ukwethula umfana "umoya" we-Russian, owawungumnyaka ngesisekelo zendalo olunothile kakhulu, iminyaka kamuva.

lyceum

Lapho sishumayela nemfundo yezingane zabo by abafundisi ekhaya kubhekwe kuyinsakavukela. Kodwa izikole nelungelo unikeza izingane ekwazini. Lo mndeni wanquma ku kokuthola nanye Alexander Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, lapho afundela khona iminyaka eyisithupha. Siyabonga koxhumana nabo kayise abaphumelele ukuhlolwa kusukela Okthoba 19, 1811 imbongi ethile iqala ukuqeqeshwa e wezemfundo igxile izikhulu ukuqeqeshwa uhulumeni.

Esakhula Pushkin senzeka ngesikhathi sokudideka lwendaba. Ethi The War of 1812 wayengenakukwazi ukukunika ngokuyize ukuba lowo muntu abasha umcabango oshisekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundisi nabafundi lyceum sokulahla imibono inkululeko nokulingana, nokushisekela izwe lakithi. Kakade eminyakeni lyceum Alexander abasha zahlangana umphakathi tetemibhalo "Arzamas", emihlanganweni okuyinto ngenkuthalo ukuphishekela ngombono okuyo izincwadi kanye nomphakathi wonkana. Wanyathelisa umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, futhi iziqu akufundayo inkondlo yakhe "Calm".

Lokho inkondlo yokushisekela izwe ngesineke intsha kanye ebuntwaneni Pushkin. okuqukethwe Omfushane umsebenzi wakhe ngaleso sikhathi kusitshela isifiso abanothando sokushintsha, isifiso ukukhazimulisa ngolimi namasiko. Kuyinto nge ezifana okuvelayo acacile weza ezweni nombhali abasha, ajwayelekile kithi kusuka ebuntwaneni.