Direct emkhathini

Umugqa ngqo esikhaleni ingenye bobunjwa eziyisisekelo geometry. Siqukethe i isethi okungenamkhawulo lezinto abstract, ezingenakho ivolumu, endaweni, ubude, kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye izici. Lezi izinto zero-ntathu futhi Umumo lokubalulekile geometry okubhekiselwe amaphuzu.

Line esikhaleni siyafana wenziwa phezu etholakalayo. Ngosizo umcabango kumele kumakwe nge amachashazi amabili. Phakathi kwabo, kanye imikhawulo yabo infinity nombusi labetibambile emgqeni. Lena umugqa oqondile emkhathini. ungakwazi uqoke umugqa noma iphuzu emgqeni. Lezi zenzo efana izenzo ezenziwe indiza.

I axioms geometry ezikhona ezihlobene ekutholeni umugqa oqondile. Lezi zihlanganisa ezilandelayo:

1. Two amaphuzu wawubona kungaba kwenziwe kuphela umugqa owodwa.

2. Kukhona amacala lapho ezimbili kwe-pixel olulodwa imigqa e indiza ethile. Khona-ke singasho ukuthi kukhona zonke izinto zero-ntathu ngqo.

Ngalezi axioms iba isitatimende kusobala ukuthi umugqa oqondile emkhathini amanga ngokuphelele indiza ethile.

I-geometry kubhekwa kwelinye icala. Kwenzeka ezimweni lapho kukhona umugqa emkhathini ngenxa yokweqa izindiza ezimbili ezahlukene. Kulokhu, la mazwi ayiqiniso nangomqondo: Uma izindiza ezimbili ezahlukene okungenani oyedwa iphuzu esivumelana ngakho, khona-ke ube nomugqa ezivamile. Kuleli umugqa, futhi zonke izinto ezivamile-zero-ntathu yalezi ngamajamo weJiyomethri.

Leli lungiselelo mutual imigca lecondzile emkhathini ungaba izinto ezahlukene ongazikhetha. Ezimweni ngazinye, bangase bakwazi ukuba umuntu oyedwa. Okungukuthi, kule samuntu, sebuningini imigqa engapheli ube amaphuzu ezivamile.

Line emkhathini ungaba omunye iphuzu nobabili. Kulesi samuntu, emigqeni idatha ku indiza ethile elise ezintathu isikhala ntathu. Leli cala kuholela kuvisisa engela elakhiwe phakathi kwemigqa.

Akhiwe Isikhala angaqondisa ngokulinganisa. Kulesi simo, basuke indiza efanayo bonke ubude bayo musa abaphila.
Ngendlela eqondile futhi umugqa parallel Vector nonzero kuyoba guide wakhe. Lo mqondo weJiyomethri livame ukusetshenziswa ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezihlukahlukene. Ngosizo vector kungacacisa ukuthi isiqondiso umugqa.
Lines nakho kungaba skew. Kulokhu, bona ahlelwe izindiza ezahlukene. Leli lungiselelo okufana okuholela nomqondo engela beJiyomethri lokho itholakala phakathi kwemigqa skew. Ngokukhethekile ukhangwa ngokwayo izimo perpendicular indawo umugqa emkhathini ngakuthathu. Ngo embodiments ezinjalo, igebe eliphakathi kwabo kuyinto elilingana degrees ayisishiyagalolunye.

Buza umugqa esikhaleni kungenzeka esebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene. Ukuze enze lezi zenzo kuzosiza ulwazi axioms. Ngokusekelwe yokuthi amaphuzu amabili wawubona emkhathini kungathatha umugqa owodwa kuphela, sikwazi ukubonisa ke, udwebe umugqa ngokusebenzisa kuhlelwe izinto zero-ntathu.

Uma ufuna ukwakha sibalo Jomethri ku Ukudidiyela uhlelo yohlobo elingunxande, esemgwaqweni isikhala ezintathu-ntathu, bese ezothando is ihlanganiswe. Uma kusethwa emgqeni kudingeka ancike izixhumanisi ezimbili amaphuzu ayo, okuyinto kumelwe kwaziwe.

Ngo ukwakhiwa isandiso kudingekile ungasebenzisa theorem ukuqhathanisa. Kulokhu, ngemva iphuzu elithile, okuyinto ingeyona line yethu, singakwazi njalo ukwakha sibalo Jomethri, lapho bonke izinto zero-ntathu kuzobonakala kuphela ingeyakhe.

Plane futhi umugqa oqondile emkhathini nakho kungaba perpendicular. Ukwakha umugqa kuleli cala, i-sibalo Jomethri. Ngakho engela empambana umugqa okunjalo futhi indiza-90 degrees.