Davit: izici lobuchwepheshe, injongo

Ukuze enze wokulayisha (athula), ephakamisa, jib ethutha isetshenziswa, Ukucaciswa kabani lobuchwepheshe ukuvumela ukusebenza imithwalo emikhulu futhi ezisindayo. Ngokuvamile, leli thuluzi ingatholakala ukwakhiwa, zezimboni, emafektri. Designs nhlobonhlobo njengoba izici zabo. Kodwa isimiso usebenzela ezinhlobo okufanayo.

Umgomo we operation zedivayisi

Cathead limelela isakhiwo ethile, esakhiwa izinto ezilandelayo:

• lo mshini ukuze ephakamisa;
• umhlahlandlela kanye lapho indlela (indiza indlela ugongolo) ihamba;
• imishayo ezimbili ekupheleni, okuyizinto ezidingekayo ukuze ukuhamba crane ku komzila.

Mshini ephakamisa eshukunyiswa ugodo flying ngezindlela ezimbili: nendawo futhi zibheka. Empeleni, lo mshini ngenxa idrayivu, okuyinto kulawulwa a control panel.

Yonke inqubo esebenza crane zingahlukaniswa izigaba eziningana:

• ephakamisa wezimpahla;
• ukuhamba wezimpahla eya endaweni (stroke);
• athula;
• Buyela endaweni yokulayisha (idling).

Lo mklamo Kuyinto elula kakhulu. Ingasetshenziselwa kokubili endlini futhi bengaphandle. Izinhlobo ezithile ingafakwa ngisho emakhoneni encane, avame kakhulu washiya ezingenalutho ngenxa isikhundla salo esiyinkinga.

Davit design zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: eziyisisekelo futhi elengayo.

iyunithi Kumisiwe

Ferrule uhlanganyela crane uhamba phezu imishayo phezulu. Nazo ngokufanayo, ogibele isakhiwo ipulazi. Kunalokho, amapulazi kungenziwa Racks ezifakiwe. Njengomthetho, lona wamuva isetshenziswa ngaphandle.

Izakhi eyinhloko crane yeselula:

• ekupheleni ugongolo isandla kuvikelwe;
• ekupheleni namakalishi ezithathekayo;
• ukusekela ugongolo;
• uvumelanise indiza indlela, okuyinto I-imishayo;
• ukushayela ukuthutha;
• ephakamisa ukuphakamisa (ukuphakamisa) ;
• ukushayela nge-remote.

Crane girder uhlobo asekelayo

I davit ukusekelwa oyiyo has a guide, okuyinto yanamathela ukusekelwa. Isekela eyenziwe ngesimo komzila noma isikwele lakhiwe ngokhonkolo noma insimbi.

Kuvele apharathasi yalolu hlobo imelelwa izinto ezilandelayo:

• uvumelanise indiza endleleni;
• uvumelanise ukuphela, okuyinto unamathele indlela indiza;
• ekupheleni ugongolo uhlezi phezu evulekile;
• Ukuphakamisa indlela;
• ukushayela.

Isilawuli kude ngoba crane angase abekwe ngaphakathi gumbi ekhethekile. A kungenziwa yehliselwa khona phansi. Khona-ke control Kwenziwa kusukela phansi ngumuntu esiteshini push-inkinobho.

uhlobo drive

On the crane ifakwe izinhlobo ezimbili drive: kagesi mathupha.

jib Manual efanelekayo operation imithwalo kokuba isisindo ongaphakeme. Ukuthi lingakanani ijubane lokuya alamathuluzi ingaphansi kwe kagesi. Ngo sabo sokusebenza indlela imelelwa mobile isihlava ugibelisa. Idrayivu shaft libuthene lapho ixhunywe amasondo endleleni. I ukuhamba ixhunywe ukushayela isondo eceleni neketanga.

Okuningi ezivamile drive kagesi. Isetshenziselwa ukuhambisa izimpahla ukuphakamisa noma indophi, ogibele ezinqoleni ekhethekile. Mshini is eliqhutshwa i motor ngogesi, ibhokisi gear kanye namasondo bogie.

Izici Main zedivayisi

Isisindo waphakamisa wezimpahla - nemingcele main ukuthi zikhona jib. Umthamo incike ukwakhiwa. Okuthathelwa kukho, lesi silinganiso ivela amathani 1 kuya ku-10. amadivaysi Ulenga zinenani eliphansi okuyinto ingeqi amathani amahlanu.

indlela ngesivinini zingahluka. Ngakho, i-crane inkomba ugongolo uyakwazi ukuhambisa umthwalo ngesivinini 0.4-1 imitha ngomzuzwana. amadivaysi Ulenga ukusebenza kancane kancane. Isivinini yabo ingeqi 0.5 amamitha ngomzuzwana.

I izici nazo njalo ecacisiwe indiza ezidlula crane. Kuyinto kule ezahlukene 3 kuya 28,5 m. Ngaphansi span wagabadela isikhala (endaweni), okungase ukukhonza kudivayisi.

Lolu khetho ikuvumela ukuba uhlukanise izigaba ezimbili:

• omunye span, ungachazwa obuphelele kusukela 3 kuya ku-15 metres;
• nge nezipani ezimbili, okuhambelana inani ukusuka amamitha 7.5 kuya 12.

crane Kumisiwe ngemishayo umthwalo kususwe ku ukuphakama kwamamitha 6 kuya ku-36. Ukuze sisekele izindlela ukubaluleka ngezansi isifinyelele 6-18 ngamamitha.

Cranes ukwakhiwa Metal

Imishayo main ngokuvamile enziwa ngesimo ibhokisi elingunxande ngu Welding zingqwembe ezine steel. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase amashidi izimisele esetshenziswa noma Trusses. Lokhu kwenziwa ukwandisa ukuzinza isakhiwo kuya eguqa ngaphansi imithwalo esindayo.

Udonga kwebhuloho, esemgwaqweni ngaphakathi, kusemqoka. Ngenxa yalokho, udonga lwangaphandle kuyinto asizayo. ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa metal ne cutouts udonga asizayo. Lokhu kunciphisa isisindo zenhlangano. Kodwa ukusikeka kuyenziwa ukuze amandla Ukuthela ukwakhiwa sisekhona.

ukwakhiwa Uhlaka oluchazwe ngenhla libhekene dvuhbalochnye kudivayisi. Single-girder phezulu crane uvame elenziwe ngesikhumba mina-bukhanye isigaba uncamane nofana uncantathu esiphambanweni. Kuyinto, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni langaphambilini, uyabulawa njengoba ishidi noma truss.

Ukuze kuqiniswe isakhiwo ngaphakathi ngemishayo main basuke eziphothene diaphragm. Basuke ezibekwe i-engela 90 degrees ku-eksisi eqonde ngqo longitudinal ugongolo. ukuphakama yabo icishe lifane nsé ukuphakama izindonga.

Ekugcineni olukhulu imishayo main ngokuvamile izimo eguqa izibilini ngaphansi kwethonya okusanhlamvu isisindo esikhulu zithutha. Ukuze kuxazululwe le yokusilela ngemishayo lwaleli kusengaphambili phezulu, ukudala isakhiwo okuthiwa ephakamisa. Kwenze at the stage of ukusika amaphepha steel.

Ukuphela ugongolo nomklamo walo okusikhumbuza amabhokisi wamaqhuqhuva. Zibeka oluvala amasondo amabhokisi khaphi ukunyakaza crane. Ngo amadivayisi ezisetshenziswa ngaphandle, izindlela anti-theft setha okwengeziwe ngaphakathi ngemishayo trailer. Bavikela ukunyakaza umoya.

Ukusebenzisa imishayo crane kusiza kakhulu umsebenzi eziningi. Futhi kwezinye izimo ukhetho kuphela ephakamisa futhi ezihambayo imithwalo. Yingenxa yalesi nokudlanga yabo uphakeme kakhulu.