Crank indlela: ake sibone

motor Modern siqukethe sebuningini izinhlelo phakathi lapho kukhona uhlelo Lubrication, uhlelo amafutha kanye ukuthungela uhlelo. Bonke ziyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nezinguquko futhi babe neliphelele kunalelo. Kodwa zikhona ezinye izingxenye eziye ayizange ithuthuke kulo lonke isikhathi ukhona. Ngokwesibonelo, indlela crank. Iqiniso liwukuthi njengoba eyasungulwa ngaso, izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali njengoba injalo yasekuqaleni.

Elisetshenziswa ngempela nje ngokunabile kanye akugcini yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini. Isetshenziselwa imihlangano enjalo lapho kudingeka ukunyakaza Translational, ngemuva nje kokuthi iyakwazi ukunikeza hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi esifanayo kulezi ukunyakaza, kodwa futhi ijubane njalo, okuyinto engavimba ubude kwedolo crankshaft.

Crank indlela lasetshenziswa kuqala ukufakwa umusi bese, ngemuva yangaphakathi omlilo injini kokusunguliwe, bafudukela ukuthuthukiswa yakamuva. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezimbili zezinkantolo izilungiselelo: eyodwa okuhambisa namandla kusukela crankshaft imininingwane elenza ngokunyakaza phambili, wesibili uthola khona amandla kusukela piston, okuyinto ngakolunye ekupheleni induku yokuxhuma.

Cabanga ngenjongo ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana. The main okuyingxenye - a crankshaft. Kungaba adlulisele amandla phezu induku noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuyithola. Wenziwe ephezulu amandla lezinsimbi, bavame cast iron. Itholakala ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza esisetshenziselwa ukugcina amandla wathola. abashayeli abaningi ukufaka ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza engasindi ku injini yakho, okwenza indlela crank beshesha kakhudlwana. Wamane ngokushesha ikhula ngesivinini.

Manje ku induku. Liphinde eyenziwe okuqinile amamaki steel, ngoba ukucindezeleka kungaba obuqand. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has ukuma induku mina-siteshi, ngoba ukusonteka yayo has nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo ukuthi umonakalo futhi isilinda.

Mshini crank has a torque engu esikhulu ukwedlula izinjini rotary, ngoba isebenzisa isimiso lwempendulo isigwedlo, ngamanye amazwi, amandla salo wakhona ubude kwedolo. Yingakho lesi siphetho: kulapho kwedolo, ayanda torque. Into elandelayo - the piston. I piston ungakwazi ukushayela crankshaft njengoba yangaphakathi omlilo engine, noma ukuyithola embuthweni njengasezinsukwini compressors. Ivame ukwenziwa aluminiyamu, ngoba idinga metal ezithambile, ukugwema kokulimaza udonga uMbhalo uma oxhumana naye. Azungezwe kukhona anemifantu circumferential lapho piston izindandatho zifakwe, bakhonza ukubopha futhi senyusa izinga lomfutho womoya. Kulokhu, amagesi ukwenza umsebenzi kakhulu.

Mshini crank yenjini ibalwa ukuthola isilinganiso torque isivinini, njengenhlangano offset komunye ipharamitha kuholela ekulahlekelweni omunye. Okungenhla indlela echazwe okwandisa lokuqala, kodwa kulokhu piston kuyodingeka bahambe ibanga eside, okuyinto sithinta "uphahla" lihlale linemibhikisho.

Vaz motor inhlangano akuyona ezahlukene kusukela ngenhla. Khumbula ukuthi zonke izingxenye crank kumele kahle agcotshisiwe njengoba uzungeza ngokushesha okukhulu. Kusukela kuqale ukukhiqizwa phakathi kokuzalela izingxenye ingcindezi uwoyela ifilimu kudalwa okuyinto kakhulu kunciphisa ukugqoka.