Ngo-1957, ku-elihambayo Automobile kubo. Gorky yabuthelwa imoto yokuqala Chaika Gaz-13, owalandela legendary Zim Gaz-12. Umshini omusha futhi kusebenza isigaba esiphethe izimoto kweSoviet futhi labhalelwa ubuholi beqembu eSoviet Union. I-prototype ye Gaz-13 ekhonza njengomdala American imoto "Packard Caribbean" 1955 ukukhululwa. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili, ngemva kokuphothula nokuhlolwa ebanzi, the Gaz-13 Chaika (imoto ka esikhathini esizayo) isifakwe ku ukukhiqizwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-Ekuqaleni kuka-1959.
Umshini ikhiqizwa amaqoqwana ezincane iminyaka 22. Ngo-1977, ngo parallel ne Gaz-13 waqala ukukhiqizwa ukuguqulwa Gaz-14, futhi ngo-1981 imoto liye lasuswa kusukela ukukhiqizwa We-seagull. Kuyo yonke iminyaka engu yokukhululwa Gaz-13 akulona ngaphansi wokubuyekeza, reystaylingu noma sesimanje. Soviet Izithuthi kukhona elingahlelekile kakhulu, conservatism kanye nokwenqaba ephelele yimuphi izixazululo ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, yini izimoto ezintsha, ukushaya eyodwa ukukhiqiza efektri yomugqa, eminyakeni ishintshile, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, Ukucaciswa yabo ayikwazi ancintisane onobuhle Western zokukhiqiza, ukusalela waba inhlekelele.
Ukwakhiwa GAS-13 kuyinto uhlaka yokuqala ngaphandle kwezindonga ezisemaceleni. izakhi Ukunikeza kukhona imishayo ezimbili, kufakwe crosshairs maphakathi. On the Uhlaka 16 esebenzisa ezihlalweni iraba ephezulu amandla akhethekile ovela umzimba ithangi abethela. Car-seagull isithombe okuyinto ungabona ekhasini itholakala izinguqulo ezintathu: sedan-umnyango ezine nge ingaphakathi ivulekile futhi kuvele isiqu evulekile, ngendlu ezinhlanu inqola iziteshi eziphuthumayo futhi emine Chaise nge ngokuzenzakalelayo retractable esithambile ngendwangu phezulu, eliqhutshwa electrohydraulic. Wheelbase GAS-13 kwaba 3250 mm. Umshini ubude babuyizingalo 5620 mm, nobubanzi 2002 mm, ukuphakama 1620 mm. imoto Seagull kuhlaziywe 2100 kg ngaso igiya egcwele.
imoto Seagull kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso imoto ukhululekile, kodwa ezingeni wenduduzo lalakhiwa izinto ezahlukene, ezifana emsakazweni antenna electrolifts, elektroprikurivatelya, umsakazo nezipikha ezengeziwe aboshelwe ibha ovundlile ngemuva izihlalo ezingemuva. Engine GAS-13 kwadingeka i ukusebenza umxhwele. Lolu dengezi block nge V8 indawo Carburetor fuel alinganisiwe umjovo, injini amandla 195 hp, ijubane 165 km / h. Ukusetshenziswa uphethiloli kwaba 22 amalitha per km 100 imodi edolobheni. Injini ukuthi superreliable kamuva ke lilungisiwe emnyangweni wezempi izimoto zempi.
Eminyakeni yamuva imoto ukukhiqizwa ifakwe Seagull cleaner ukubopha booster namandla ayo. Umshini kwaba RWD, Chassis lalinabashumayeli ezimele phambi wishbones double nge ikhoyili iziphethu ngaleso Springs longitudinal futhi bakhulise. Ukulandela seagull 13, Gaz-14 libuthene ngesandla esitolo ekhethekile. Ngesisekelo kulo mshini Kuye ihlolwe zonke entsha drive ubuchwepheshe, injini displacement 5.5 amalitha, ogibele Gaz-14, uvumela phezulu yesivinini 170 km / h. Transmission esetshenziswa kuphela mechanical, ezintathu isigaba. Amabhuleki babe wesifunda ezimbili, disc ngaphambili futhi sigubhu - labaqaphi elingemuva.