Blackcurrant "amapharele abamnyama": incazelo ezihlukahlukene, izithombe

izakhiwo ewusizo black currant kakhulu kakhulu bayazi ukuthi bayaziswa. Ngeshwa, angakhula hhayi zonke izifunda izitshalo isikhathi nokuvuthwa eside. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi, abalimi bavame ukudala zezitshalo ezingalingani okusheshayo yokuvuthwa isikhathi. Ngakho kwaba khona currant "iparele omnyama". Incazelo, izithombe ezocatshangelwa kulesi sihloko. Kuzoba futhi anikezwe iseluleko kudingekile likhula futhi benakekela idatha nezihlahla.

Currants "Black Pearl": incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Izithombe zalesi sitshalo kungabonwa ngezansi. Ukukhathazeka "black pearl" izinhlobo nge yokuvuthwa isilinganiso. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuba siyakwazi ukuthela izithelo, ngisho izifunda ehlobo iDemo. Ibanga etholwe ngo-1992 igama VNIIS IV Michurina. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinhlobo ezimbili currants abangu sawela: "Mine Shmyrev" futhi "brodtorp". Kulo nyaka, ezihlukahlukene iye kufakwe Register State. Izifunda okuthiwa ekukhuleni kwayo:

• Central Black Earth;
• Srednevolzhskiy;
• East-eSiberia;
• West-eSiberia;
• North-Caucasus;
• Ural.

Blackcurrant "iparele elimnyama" grade samoplodnye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is ibekezelelwe kahle lokushisa degrees 30, esibonisa ukuthi hardiness yayo.

Izimpawu ehlathini

Ngokuvamile uzophawula ukuthi incazelo izinhlobonhlobo currants efana incazelo ugqumugqumu. Futhi lokhu kungenxa ngokuyinhloko iqiniso lokuthi "Black Pearl" has esiyize ezikhulayo thwi inombolo encane amagatsha. ukuphakama kwalo bengase bazikhandlele 1-1.3 m.

amahlumela Young ngokukhula uqale Sag phansi. Bahlale bekulungele izimisele futhi ube umbala ukukhanya green. Njengoba ikhula amagatsha lignified futhi ushintsho umbala grey noma ephuzi. Ihamba nge iyizingxenye ezinhlanu. Bona ngesineke umbala ukukhanya green. Kubonakala afana gooseberries. Kanye amagatsha, amaqabunga bakhothama. Out of the ekhoneni bangakwazi ngisho zintengezele. Izindwani namaqabunga ngensimbi. Ipuleti bushelelezi kodwa matt.

On the amahlumela ku iDemo sifanamsindvo sikhule efihlekile oblong. Basuke embozwe izikali, pink.

Blackcurrant "iparele abamnyama" iqala eziqhakaza June. Ngokwabo izimbali Banamathele legatsha maphakathi ne umoba esifushane kodwa onamandla. Basuke esisogwini izandla eyodwa ambalwa. Inombolo yabo bangase bafinyelele 8. Imibala goblet. Sinenkosi usayizi isilinganiso sepals kanye luhlaza obomvu.

amajikijolo

Amajikijolo currant izinhlobo "Black Pearl" (izithombe kungabonwa ngezansi) ingafaniswa imiphumela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bahlaziya kusuka 1 kuya 6 amagremu. Isilinganiso isisindo - 1,2-1,5 g Amajikijolo kuhluke ukuma isiyingi futhi cishe usayizi ofanayo. umbala wabo omnyama, nge kukhanye okuncane. Ngaphansi wesikhumba imbewu ezinkulu. Peduncle iqonde, ubude ophansi.

Ngo ukunambitheka amajikijolo amnandi futhi omuncu (ke waklonyeliswa 4.2 amaphuzu). Ukwakheka Chemical sicuketse 18% ukudla okuqinile encibilikayo, 9% ushukela. Asidi titer kuyinto 3.6%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kuhlanganisa ascorbic acid, pectin.

Yidla amajikijolo fresh, njengoba iwayini elimnandi, nezivimbelakuvunda. Izithelo zithutha kahle. Isivuno kwabikwa 3 kg isihlahla.

ubunjiniyela yezolimo

currant incazelo "amapharele abamnyama" kuyobe akuphelele ngaphandle ukuphathwa mayelana nezici yokulima. Lesi sitshalo kungenziwa itshalwe ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene:

• Autumn kuze lokushisa lize liba ngaphansi kwe-degree 10. Ngo esifundeni esiphakathi kuyinto ekupheleni kuka-September noma ekuqaleni kuka-October. Kulokhu, ngaphambi ukuqala izitshalo kubanda ka isikhathi zahlala endaweni entsha. Uma ufake u-yisithombo oneminyaka emibili, khona-ke ngonyaka ozayo izotholakala nolibo.

• Spring. Kulokhu, onyakeni wokuqala lesi sitshalo Imane ikhule futhi uzuza amandla. Kodwa ngonyaka wokuphila wesibili, kuba isiqiniseko ukunikeza imiphumela. Uzokwazi ukuqoqa kufika ku 2 kg amajikijolo.

Kunoma ikuphi kubalulekile ukukhetha yisithombo kwesokudla. Ngakho-ke, uma uthenga izimpande kufanele ahlolisisa. Kufanele ibe nempilo, eqinile, akukho umonakalo nezindawo efile. Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe izitshalo oluhlaza efihlekile. Kufanele kube okungenani 4-5 izicucu kusukela phansi.

Ezihlabayo black currant izinhlobonhlobo "amapharele abamnyama" abatshalwé ilanga okugcwele, kude okusalungiswa. Lesi sitshalo akawuthandi ithunzi. Ibanga phakathi otshanini kufanele okungenani 2 amamitha, ukuze otshanini ungagxambukeli noma kufihla nomunye.

Inhlabathi kumele igcinwe esemanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo ngeke amancane omuncu. Noma kunjalo, kancane kancane uvuthwe. Kungcono ukukhetha ezindaweni ene-asidi kancane, ecebile izakhamzimba.

imithetho zokutshala

Kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu ngaphambi lohleliwe zokutshala currants kumelwe abe endaweni lelungiselelwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, akhethiwe endaweni mahhala utshani, ukhula nezinye izimila. Umhlabathi ngokwawo amba kumuntu kwesigamu imitha ukujula. izakhi Kungezwe fertilizer. Umquba (noma humus) sengezwe ngesilinganiso eyodwa ngoba isihlahla ngasinye ebhakedeni noma ngamunye imitha square. Zikamanyolo umanyolo ingezwe (cishe 20 amagremu), superphosphate (40-50 g).

Inhlabathi kufanele kube lula ukuncela kahle amanzi nomoya. Kodwa amanzi akufanele buthelela, njengoba lesi sitshalo Kulezo zimo kungenzeka sigule sibangwe. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi ungeze Peat noma isihlabathi. Ngu okutshalwe entwasahlobo yonke le misebenzi kufanele kwenziwe ekwindla.

Yisithombo ngaphambi kokutshala amahora ambalwa ofakwe amanzi. Nale okondliwa kulo izimpande izitshalo isilinganiso esifanele amanzi. Ungakwazi akugcobhoze e Mash ubumba.

Lo mgodi amba kumuntu kwesigamu imitha ukujula. Ezansi wathela inhlabathi evundile, amanzi wanezela. Roots wathela futhi rammed emhlabeni ukuze entanyeni impande lwalungenhla ngaphezu eliphansi ngo-5 cm. Yisithombo ngokufanele ngendlela ukuthi igebe eliphakathi emgqonyeni kanye ebusweni bomhlaba base cishe 45 degrees. Ngemva betshala lesi sitshalo kumele ngobuningi amanzi (1.5-2 ebhakedeni ku isihlahla) elachithwa. Zemithi Circle mulching nge sawdust, umquba, Peat, hay. Lokhu kuyogcina umswakama enhlabathini.

ukunakekelwa

Blackcurrant "amapharele abamnyama" ziyojabula isivuno high, uma ukumnakekela kahle. Ukunakekela kuhlanganisa izinyathelo ezifana ukuthambisa, efaka umquba, Ukuhlakula ukhula, izihlahla kanye inhlabathi ziba ngcono.

Emhlabeni izitshalo awaveli ukhula. Kufanele zisuswe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Kulokhu, inhlabathi kumele uyokhululwa ukuvumela ukufinyelela-mpilo. Kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungabi bikho ukulimala uhlelo impande. Lezi zinyathelo ngeke kudingeke uma umhlabathi emhlabeni zamulchirovat ehlathini.

Ngezinye izigaba izimbali, yokuguga fruiting currant kufanele athole imali eyanele umswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kulungiselelwa kwesikhathi ebusika lesi sitshalo kumele elachithwa copiously ngamanzi (2-3 amabhakede ehlathini ngamunye).

Uma inhlabathi zamulchirovat humus noma umquba ke zalisa nge ehlathini organic akudingekile. Kwezinye izimo, ukuncoma yokudla sesikhathi isixazululo ezibuthakathaka mullein noma inkukhu umquba. Ngemva izimbali, ungenza i-phosphorus kanye potassium.

wenzalo Currant alondolozwa izihlahla njalo. Kakade ngesikhathi zokutshala yisithombo saba ezintathu efihlekile. Ngo Ekwindla amagatsha sithenwe ngomunye yesithathu. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngemva ehlobo, inqubo iyaphindwa. Shiya amahlumela eqinile. Kodwa nabo unciphise. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-5, zonke abagijimi abaye efinyelela eminyakeni yobudala engu-4, ziyasuswa ngokuphelele. Shiya amagatsha 3-4 kuphela bobudala obungefani. Minyaka yonke, amahlumela ziyasuswa, okuyinto eyenziwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane 3. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sibadala, ancamuka amahlumela ezilimele noma eyomile.

grade isithunzi

Currants "black pearl" izinhlobonhlobo black, okuyinto ncazelo enikezwa esihlokweni has eziningi eziwusizo:

• hardiness;
• iDemo isikhathi nokuvuthwa;
• yobukhulu enkulu amajikijolo;
• high quality umkhiqizo;
• transportability yezithelo;
• fruiting njalo.

Ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo, "Black Pearl" ingenye izinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu balimi eziningi.

I yokuntula of izinhlobo

Kanye izinzuzo eziningi, black currant "Black Pearl" has inezici ezithile ezingathandeki. Into ebaluleke kakhulu - ukunambitheka omuncu, ngenxa lapho izinga ukunambitheka ayiyinhle. Iphunga sivezwe hhayi kakhulu ngendlela nezinye izinhlobo eziningi. Okwamanje, le ezihlukahlukene angabhekwa akusebenzi. Weza esikhundleni inqwaba izinhlobo ezintsha nezithakazelisayo. Kodwa namanje wandile GADI ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene zezwe.