"Bashkiria" National Park. Republic of Bashkortostan: izikhangibavakashi

Esiqiwini "Bashkiria" eyaziwa yombuthano ewumngcingo zezivakashi. Abantu bendawo uthanda ukuza lapha ngamaholide, kodwa izivakashi kude naseduze phesheya ikakhulukazi ngenkathi kukhona akuvamile ngakho njengoba singathanda. Futhi ukuzonda ngesizathu esihle. Phela, le ndawo kuwufanele ukuze angabonwa okungenani kanye empilweni. Bashkortostan Nature uhlukile ngempela. Kukhona kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuhlangana futhi relict izihlahla, futhi ezingavamile izilwane futhi izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa izinambuzane.

Le ndatshana ihlose ukwethula umfundi kule sayithi amazing ibalazwe Russian Federation. Yiqiniso, ucabangela Bashkiria izinqolobane, amapaki kazwelonke ngokunembile akunakwenzeka ukuziba. Futhi lokho ngakho, sizozama ukutshela okuningi njengoba imininingwane kungenzeka.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

"Bashkiria" National Park, okuzoxoxwa lapha, itholakala e-Republic of Bashkortostan, e emithambekeni South Ural, entshonalanga kuhlukane Ibanga Uraltau. Le ndawo ihlanganisa izifunda ezintathu nje zokuphatha - Meleuz, Kugarchinsky futhi Burzyan.

Umqondisi esiqiwini "Bashkiria", Ildar Yakupov, - indoda sina, ukuba senze konke esingakwenza futhi ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukuba nokugcinwa kanye ngcono into yemfanelo ayiphathisiwe.

Reserve ngokusemthethweni wavula esanda kutholakala, September 11, 1986, futhi namuhla imingcele kwakhona 15 zokuhlala, futhi endaweni epaki 92 eziyinkulungwane. Amahektha.

Ihlathi kuhlala ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 77. Ha, okusho 92% wabantu endaweni ngokuphelele. Izindawo ezikhanga kakhulu esiqiwini ezibhekwa Nugush River nokumhlophe, Kutukskoe ipheshana Nugush kwesigubhu. Kukhona okuningi izakhiwo ezithakazelisayo bemvelo, okuyinto nakanjani kuwufanele ukubukeka kwawo wonke umuntu.

Likuphi esiqiwini "Bashkiria" nendlela yokufinyelela lapho uya khona yakho

Zonke sikhetha sezindlela ezingase angabhekwa kulula futhi ngokunethezeka. Uma unquma ukuvakashela le ndawo, kanti kwezinye izindawo zase-Russia noma emakhoneni akude of wonke, okwenza kube indlela elula Yiqiniso, kufinyeleleke ngendiza.

Esikhumulweni sezindiza esiseduzane iyona "Ufa", okuyinto namuhla fly izindiza kusuka amaphuzu ohluke ngokuphelele emhlabeni.

Khona-ke, kusukela le ndawo kufanele ngihambe Meleuz noma Salavat. Lokhu kungenziwa ngebhasi, uyaphuma eSouthern Bus Terminal noma yezitolo "Iremel". Intengo ithikithi ruble cishe ngo-260. Khona-ke kufanele ukudlulisela ngebhasi p. Nugush. Sekukonke, lezihambi mgwaqo uba 1-2 amahora.

Umlando kanye isizathu ukusungulwa

Esiqiwini "Bashkiria" yadalwa enenjongo eqondile - ukuze alondoloze eziyinkimbinkimbi esiyingqayizivele yemvelo, okuyinto asitholakali ukubaluleka imvelo kanye zomlando, kodwa ngenxa yobuhle. Kulesi ensimini evumayo kuhlanganiswe (kuze kube namuhla bayaqhubeka kuhlangene) namathafa engokwesiko, ungayisebenzisi ngezinjongo zokufundisa, ukungcebeleka, ezamasiko kanye kwesayensi kungaba ukumane kuwukuhlambalaza.

Njengazo zonke nemvelo reserves kanye nezindawo zokulondoloza imvelo yezwe, "Bashkortostan" ivikela ezithile olwenzeka endaweni yemvelo. Kulokhu, it is a eziyinkimbinkimbi eziphakeme emahlathini South Ural.

Imikhumbi kule ndawo waqala ukuba ngokuthi engu-10 kuphela ngemva kokuphenywa kwecala cishe ngemva lasungulwa. Ngo-October 1995, i-Isinqumo olukhethekile Government of the Russian Federation ke igama inikezwe.

izici Physiographic

Kufaka ezindaweni epaki weRiphabhulikhi Bashkortostan sandile emithambekeni ningizimu-ntshonalanga Urals, nokuningi kakhulu entshonalanga Ural-Tau yokhalo.

Impumuzo kwendawo kabi ahlahlelwe emfuleni izigodi. ifomu nemifula kuyinto zigodi ezijulile futhi ayibanzi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokho enamadwala sezwe lugs yinqaba itshe ubophekile letigcogcwe ngaphambilini ezifana umunwe kaDeveli, Sphinx ekhaleni Duck et al.

Intaba Park River bondliwa iqhwa, imvula komhlaba. Ukusakaza ezithakazelisayo futhi engavamile wendawo - Shulgan, Kutukov, Yuriash, Sumgait. Esikhathini sifinyelela engenhla, ayanyamalala ngaphanzi komhlaba, ngokushesha ukuhambisa ngaphansi limestone, kanjalo zakha emigedeni.

Nesimo "Bashkortostan" Continental, nge kokuhlukana evelele sezulu. Amazinga isilinganiso in July 19.7 ° C, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ingase yenyuke kuze + 41º C. Ebusika izinga lokushisa kule ndawo yokulondoloza imvelo ngezinye izikhathi sehliselwe -48º C.

Izici yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Nature Bashkortostan unothile kakhulu. Izimila epaki endaweni ehlanganisa izici asemaqeleni, ehlathini, lezihlahla nezimila entabeni-edlelweni. Esikhathini ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi "Bashkortostan" amapheshana walondoloza ihlathi kunothile izihlahla ubudala futhi Deadwood. Lokhu kaningi ukuza bendawo befuna amakhowe, izithelo kanye izitshalo ezibalulekile kwezokwelapha.

Zonke izitshalo epaki lwabelwe 15 zezinyoni ezingavamile futhi ezisengcupheni abamele izitshalo endaweni, ezifana grouse isiRashiya, Cephalanthera rubra, astragalus Clair, slipper wangempela ntokazi, iris nabanye ongaphakeme.

Republic of endaweni Bashkortostan idume khona kwendawo esihle brown bear, izinyamazane, impisi, ama-lynx, Ermine, mink, nonogwaja kanye nabanye. Bangaphezu kuka-30 zezinyoni ophilayo lapha ezisengcupheni. Ngokwesibonelo, abamnyama-loon uheshe, abamnyama nonogolantethe, Igumbi, Golden Eagle nabanye.

Yini ukubheka kwasekuqaleni

Njengezilwane eziningi nezinye izinqolobane nemvelo kanye nezindawo zokulondoloza imvelo yale planethi, "Bashkortostan" has izikhumbuzo eziningana ezimangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele yemvelo ukuthi bayakufanelekela ukubona bendawo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi izivakashi kude naseduze phesheya. Ngokwesibonelo, ibhuloho Karst Kuperlya. Umfula igama elifanayo kanye banyamalala ku isiteshi ngomshoshaphansi. Elapho bephikelela wenza isendleleni kokubhubhisa emhumeni. Ngenxa yalokho, ophahleni yokugcina ugoqiwe cishe ngokuphelele, kuphela ingxenye it wasala emi endaweni efanayo manje sifana ububanzi ibhuloho engaphezulu kancane kuka-1 m.

Elinye iphuzu ephawulekayo Museum of Speleology - ipheshana Kutukov-Sumgait. Lapha ezindaweni ezahlukene kanye nezigodi emfuleni iyisimangaliso emigedeni, yamanzi anamandla okwelapha, Umhubhe umxhwele Karst, ibhuloho esiyingqayizivele, imigodi yezintaba-mlilo ehlukahlukene imigodi.

Nasemihumeni ungabona elilengayo, stalagmites yinqaba, indlela eyisipesheli ikhamera, amapharele kanye emigedeni ehlukahlukene.

izivakashi eziningi is ikakhulukazi bayahlonishwa emhumeni Sumgait, kodwa hhayi kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bayo, kodwa futhi ngenxa isikali bokwakha.

Umqondisi "Bashkortostan" National Park yenzani konke okusemandleni ukuze alondoloze ubunjalo esifundeni.

Umgede Sumgan-Kutukov

Umgede-gebe Sumgan-Kutukov kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo futhi kanyekanye emhumeni omude kunayo yonke Ural efakwe okwamanje e jikelele obuphelele unhlangothi 9860 m kanye of 134 ubude, amamitha ukujula umthamo ingaphakathi layo -. 350,000 cu. m.

Nge Bashkir "Sumgan" lisho ukuthi "Ijuba" futhi "Kutukov" kusho "kahle". Nonprofessionals uthole e Sumgait-Kutukov kuyinkinga ngoba itholakala endaweni eqhelile phakathi Nugush-Belsky. Umgede yokungena limelela Kunegebe mpo ezijulile 116 m, futhi ngokwalo kanye liqukethe imikhakha emithathu. On Amashalofu okubeka ezindongeni emayini eqhweni ebusika zilimaze nezimila, cishe ungalokothi musa ancibilike ngaphambi ehlobo. Ngenxa kwenhlabathi ice kuhlale kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe ngoba cavers.

Tragedy lapha, ngeshwa, baye kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Kwelinye izindinyana emhumeni kanye kwatholakala amathambo endoda inkomo, ngakho waqanjwa "Inkomo Yiqiniso." Ngemva kokudlula ezikhungweni kuso okwengeziwe, asikwazi kodwa bavele bakhexe lapho bebona ukuthi kwenzekani eceleni. Ubukhulu we Imigede ngabanye ukuphakama umxhwele ngempela abanye abangaba ngu-20 m.

IHholo LoMhlangano - kwekulu lonke womhume, kukhona ngisho babe Everest zabo, udaka amagquma amane nesithupha metres ubude. Esikhathini Hall izibalo akaconsi wobuciko, noma ubani angaba sculpt izibalo ubumba lapha futhi ushiye inkumbulo ngokwakhe.

Impophoma Kuperlya futhi ibhuloho Karst

Mhlawumbe esiqiwini "Bashkiria" kwakungeke kube umxhwele kangaka, uma kungekhona a Kuperlya Waterfall, okuyinto etholakala eduze Nugush kwesigubhu.

Sam ulibangise aphuma emadwaleni umthombo kungabonwa emfudlaneni Kuperlya. Kulapha kokuphakama ifinyelela 100 m ubude ngamamitha ambalwa kuphela. Lokhu ngokuzenzakalela kusho ukuthi izivakashi babe izimpophoma emangalisayo, ebhongayo begijima phansi esuka eweni. Phela, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile, abandayo futhi esobala kakhulu.

Ngenhla umhosha, ngenhla nje waterfall bubonakala ibhuloho Karst adalwe nemvelo ngendlela omkhulu lwaleli ukuphakama kwamamitha 20, ubude izingxenye ukulengiswa -. 10 m Climbing ekukhuphukeni, wonke umuntu angakwazi ukujabulela-panoramic uyeza off by p. Nugush nezintaba ezingaphansi kolwandle.

Bear isitshalo esiyingqayizivele a esobala enokukhanya kwelanga

"Bashkortostan" esiqiwini kumibuthano ewumngcingo yesayensi yaziwa sibonga Bear esobala enokukhanya kwelanga, esiwumfanekiso lesikhumbuzo ezibalulekile Botanical nemvelo. It yadalwa eminyakeni lengu 30 leyengca, ngo-1985, ukuvikela ummeleli okhethekile flora wendawo - onion etshekile, okuyinto kubhekwa izitshalo lwasendulo.

Bow etshekile kuyinto esifundeni esise-Ural eningizimu ngempela angawodwa esifuze ndawo. Kuyinto isitshalo zisetshenziswa sifana garlic engadini. Kusukela ngo-1985, lapha cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi eze iqembu lezazi ehilelekile cwaningo yayo.