Ane-alikhali emhlabeni izinsimbi: incazelo emfushane

Ane-alikhali emhlabeni insimbi kukhona izakhi ezikubhizinisi iqembu ishadi lesikhathi yesibili. Lezi zihlanganisa izinto ezifana ne-calcium, magnesium, barium yombala, beryllium, strontium ne Radium. Igama leli qembu kubonisa ukuthi kuzala ukusabela ane-alikhali emanzini.

Alkali futhi ane-alikhali emhlabeni izinsimbi, noma kunalokho nosawoti zabo, yonke indawo emvelweni. Basuke emelelwa namaminerali. Ukukhethwa kuyinto Radium, lapho kubhekwa isici ezingavamile.

Konke insimbi ngenhla abe ezinye izimfanelo ezivamile evumela ukuhlanganisa kubo ku neqembu elilodwa.

Ane-alikhali emhlabeni izinsimbi kanye nezici zabo ezingokomzimba

Cishe zonke lezi makhemikhali ukudla okuqinile umbala lemicu empunga elinamathela othini (okungenani ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile futhi ezingeni lokushisa elifanele). Phela, Izakhiwo zanoma izinsimbi alikhali kukhona ukuhluka - lezi izinto nakuba ngempela nemithi, kodwa bavezwa kalula.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, ne nenombolo ye-sequence ethebuleni luyakhula futhi isakhi metal njengoba kwabantu. Ngokwesibonelo, kuleli qembu has index aphansi i-calcium, kuyilapho Radium ukuminyana efana yensimbi.

Ane-alikhali emhlabeni izinsimbi: Chemical Properties

Okokuqala kuyafaneleka ukuthi amakhemikhali okwengeziwe emsebenzini ngokuvumelana nenombolo ye-serial ishadi lesikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, beryllium kuyinto isici ngempela ukumelana. Ekusabeleni zihlangana nomoya-mpilo halogens iza kuphela Ukushisa eqinile. Kuyefana nasendleleni le-magnesium. Kodwa-calcium akwazi oxidize kancane ngisho emazingeni okushisa okuvamile. Asele ezintathu iqembu omele (Radium, barium yombala, futhi Sesithombe) usabela ngokushesha nge-oksijini emoyeni ngisho emazingeni okushisa okuvamile. Yingakho ukugcina lezi zinto, esehlanganise ungqimba uphalafini.

Umsebenzi oxides futhi hydroxides lezi zinsimbi inyuka ngendlela efanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, beryllium hydroxide akuyona oncibilikayo emanzini futhi kubhekwa nemiyo amphoteric, futhi barium yombala hydroxide iyi alikhali sasivumela eqinile.

Ane-alikhali emhlabeni izinsimbi kanye nezici zabo emfushane

Beryllium kuyinto metal ukumelana ukukhanya grey umbala, kokuba ubuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu. isici sokuqala sitholakale 1798 by wemithi Vauquelin. Emvelweni, kukhona namaminerali eziningana beryllium, zazo edume kunazo yilezi ezilandelayo: lwaba yikrisolithi, Phenacite, danalite futhi chrysoberyl. Phela, kwezinye isotopes ka beryllium babe radioactivity okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zokusebenzelana ibherule bayigugu ubucwebe amatshe. Lokhu kungabandakanya i-emeraldi *, aquamarine futhi heliodor.

Beryllium isetshenziswa ukwenza amanye Alloys Propellant. Ngo le ngamandla enuzi umkhakha , lesi sici isetshenziswa ukubambezela neutrons.

Calcium ingenye edume kakhulu ane-alikhali emhlabeni izinsimbi. Ngesimo okumsulwa kuba impahla esithambile nge silvery ezimhlophe umbala we-tint. Le calcium okokuqala kumhlophe sabiwe 1808. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu isici elikhona ngesimo amaminerali ezifana zemabula limestone kanye Gypsum. Calcium kabanzi lisetshenziswe ubuchwepheshe besimanje. Lisetshenziswa njengendlela umthombo chemical fuel, kanye nemithi impahla umlilo. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi kwakwakhe calcium asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni zokwakha kanye nemithi.

Lo msuka nayo eziqukethwe zonke izinto eziphilayo ukuphila. Ngokuyinhloko, unesibopho uhlelo zemisipha.

Magnesium kuyinto metal engasindi futhi ngokwanele oluthambile nge umbala sici greyish. Njengoba injalo emsulwa kwathiwa 'idla yodwa 1808, kodwa nosawoti yalo waziwa kudala kakhulu kunalokho. Ngo izimo zemvelo, magnesium kuqukethwe amaminerali ezifana Magnesite, dolomite, carnallite, kieserite. Phela, lo usawoti magnesium inikeza amanzi ubulukhuni. Inani elikhulu zezakhi yalolu ketshezi zingatholakala emanzini asolwandle.