Ammunition: ubukhulu .300 Win. Mag.

Calibre .300 Win. Mag. - igobolondo wezempi nokuzingela izibhamu. ethandwa kakhulu futhi manje. Igama isifinyezo ka .300 Winchester Magnum.

ekudalweni

Inkampani American "Winchester" ithuthukiswe le igobolondo for abazingeli izinjongo ekude 1963 likhishiwe njengesisekelo okulingana eBrithani-H & H inkampani. Lokhu izinhlamvu kakade isibe isidalwa sesine isici umumo: a poyasoobraznym ukuqina elincane liner phansi.

Ngokuvamile, wona kanye umqondo wokuthandana ukuzingela cartridges enamandla osezingeni labadubuli uhla lakhiwe sibonga ukuvela izinhlamvu okwesikhathi safari e-Afrika. Indawo ekhethekile iketango yokuziphendukela kwemvelo wathatha osezingeni .300 Win. Mag. kanye .223 Remington, 3, 0-06 Springfield futhi .308 Winchester.

impi emakethe

INtshonalanga 60-70s emhlabeni lingachazwa ngokuthi i uhlanga izingalo phakathi osezingeni eliphezulu. Ekuqaleni, kakade ezimisiwe "magnumskim" abashisekeli "Remington" wakwazi ukugcina isikhundla esitebeleni ehola emakethe baze ayaduduleka Roy Weatherby athuthukile osezingeni emibili egcwele "Magnum" ikilasi: 338-378 Weatherby Magnum futhi 224 Weatherby Varmintmaster.

Race siyaqhubeka inkampani sekushiwo "Winchester" ukuze zithengiswa osezingeni. 300 Winchester Magnum. Lapha futhi kubonakala le munition efanayo unqobile udumo emhlabeni wonke.

Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, inkampani yakhe izozama muhle lo Remington Arms Inkampani nge osezingeni igobolondo .350 Remington Magnum, ngenxa yokuhwebelana okuyinto isithakazelo "abashisekeli ibhande" magnumovskogo uhlobo zehlele.

Kodwa abanjalo zase zikhulile futhi nge obhekwe '70s inkampani A-Square, owethulwa emhlabeni ukuze izinhlamvu ezintsha kanye calibers: 500, 416, 495 kanye 460. Le nkampani uhlala umholi ezimakethe zomhlaba jikelele kuphele iminyaka engamashumi amathathu. ethize ukuma ezahlukene nezinhlamvu ichashazi imizwa nge (kakhulu round) ekupheleni kanye mass esikhulu - 32 amagremu. Senzelwe esikhulu kakhulu umdlalo Afrika. Ukuzingela igobolondo wabizwa ngokuthi "Triad".

Izikhali zokuzingela: bushelelezi futhi hhayi kuphela

Famous "wokuhamba ezintathu" kwakuqala ukwanda okwengeziwe futhi sibonga ngezibhamu ekhiqizwa ikakhulukazi kuye. Njengokuthi "Winchester kuqhuma" 70 th futhi 700 imodeli th. a igobolondo olunjalo luye isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuzingelwa izilwane enesisindo 300-500 kg (zisagcwele izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle, ibhere noma amaphiva).

Ngokwazi Safaris Afrika, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa ku izinyamazane futhi ezinkulu ezizingelayo efana izingwenya nezingwe. Kanye osezingeni .300 Win. Mag. Wazibonakalisa kakhulu ezintabeni, lapho iningi isibhamu kwenziwa amabanga amade.

7,62 osezingeni ichashazi kanye emikhonweni ndawonye bakha ivolumu lobuKhristu wathi "magnumovsky" munition. Le nhlanganisela kunomthelela Isivinini kokuqala mayelana 1000 m / s. Uma siqhathanisa ne Analogue zasendulo osezingeni elifanayo, Win. Mag. has eziningi eziwusizo: okusezingeni eliphezulu izinga naphutha umlilo futhi ngqo a izimpukane ichashazi kokudubula okungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho.

Noma yimuphi yesimanje izikhali abazingela (bushelelezi noma cha), oluqanjwe ezifana nezinkampani owaziwa ngokuthi "Mauser", "Winchester", "Remington", "Browning" (hhayi kuphela) efanelekayo osezingeni .300 Win. Mag.

.300 Winchester Magnum kuya Navy

Naphezu egxile commercial ekukhiqizeni izinhlamvu, igobolondo kwakuqala ukwanda ku sniper amayunithi yempi, amasosha yangaphakathi kanye nezinsiza ekhethekile ka-United States nakwamanye amazwe amaningi.

Ekuqaleni isebenze kahle ngaphandle elahlekile ukuhlobana osezingeni 7 mm ukusuka "Remington". Emhlabeni 80s US Naval imikhumbi ebekwe ukunikeza osezingeni izinhlamvu entsha, okuyinto ungasebenzisa imisebenzi yezempi futhi kwemidlalo. Kwakudingekile ukuba esikhundleni amasampula lidala kwi izinhlamvu ezinamandla kakhudlwana futhi yesimanje, okuhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo kanye nezidingo ikhasimende.

Njengoba lo igobolondo kuye kwadingeka kakade ngaleso sikhathi asetshenziswa kabanzi (futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kwaba Akunzima ukuthola), edingekayo osezingeni sokuzingela lalingabulawa kalula isetshenziselwe izinjongo ukulwa, yena wakhethwa osezingeni .300 Win. Mag. (Mm kuyinto 7,62 x 66 ngokuvumelana European Cartrige Ucwaningo Association). Futhi, indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa isici ukuthi amasampula ziye zasetshenziswa imincintiswano wasebenza kahle.

Uma sicabangela lokhu okungenhla, kuyilapho neminyango emibili lempi Navy (amabutho ezikhethekile amasosha futhi amaqembu abambe imincintiswano sokudubula) balithanda igobolondo entsha.

"Inhlamvu" ucwaningo

Ukuze asindise izinsiza sokuzingela cartridges yakhelwe we modeli kokubili neminyango. » и М86, а также «Ремингтон 700». Njengoba izikhali ababekhethiwe isibhamu "McMillan M83 'futhi i-M86, kanye" Remington 700 ".

Kwanqunywa ukukhiqiza kwinqwaba cartridges. 300 Win. Mag. nemidlalo uhlobo HPBT amachashazi enesisindo 11 amagremu ubhuqu Rp15. Ukuze umsebenzi kwathatha inkampani Federal Igobolondo Inkampani. Ngo-1988, ukuhlola kubonise imiphumela abanelisi: ibanga elide izinhlamvu baziphathe aluqinile kakhulu.

Khona-ke ingxenye izimpahla baye banquma kabusha ukuhlomisa amachashazi kancane usinde - mayelana 12 amagremu (185 grand, ukuba ngqo, Grand - elithi akusebenzi ngoba mass ilingane isilinganiso zebhali okusanhlamvu ngesikhathi). Imiphumela mihle kakhulu. Kodwa kamuva, lapho kwenziwe ukuhlolwa ethe xaxa, ukunemba ukusebenza awahlangabezananga ikhomishana kokuhlaziywa, naphezu ukusebenza okunamandla kokuqala velocity ibanga isibhamu.

nezifundo

Emhlabeni ekupheleni ochwepheshe 1980 evela e-US Navy wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi umgodi omncane ekhaleni we ichashazi uhlobo HPBT aliholeli ukwanda itheku nokusebenza ballistic izinguquko. Kakade nineties zakuqala yezemidlalo cartridges nge inhlamvu 7,62 amagremu 10 ziye ngokusemthethweni evunyiwe ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo lokudutshulwa ekulweni.

ukuqhubeka igobolondo iye esekelwe isampula wathola yezemidlalo, kodwa inhlamvu 12 amagremu. Izinhlobo powder imisindvo, okuyinto liye lazibonakalisa kakhulu ngempumelelo - Re22 futhi Re19. New zokuhlola sokuzingela cartridges. 300 Win. Mag. ngempumelelo uvivinyo izimfuneko zazo ziye zaba isisekelo esisha isikhali esifakiwe.

Ubude manje Federal ngo-1992 yasayina isivumelwano womshini amaqoqwana amaningi izikhali ezintsha, futhi ngemva konyaka a osezingeni entsha .300 Win. Mag. It lwemukelwa ngenxa amabutho ezikhethekile US Navy. ngaleyo ndlela Imodeli etholakala etholwe izinhlamvu wokugubha Mk 248 Mod 0.

Futhi-ke?

Kodwa "abacwaningi" ngokungakhathali akagcinanga lapho. Phakathi ngcono imodeli uhla indiza ichashazi ukhuphukisiwe kusuka ngo-1100 kuya 1370 amamitha. Kwakukhona futhi enikeziwe ukumelana engcono ipheshulwa umoya okukhulu ukuzinza ukuziphatha phezu ukuthungela we icala Propellant. Ngenxa yalokho - ayimbijana ilangabi lapho umkhiqizo esingu isibhamu.

Ngenxa yalokho elisuselwa munition ichashazi 14 amagremu (220 okusanhlamvu), ubukhulu. 300 Win. Mag, futhi imodeli wabizwa ngokuthi Mk 248 Mod 1 -., Ngu Isifaniso nge imodeli odlule.

Ezemidlalo empikiswanweni

Ukuthuthukiswa umdlalo izinhlamvu wayekhathazeke kakhulu ekuqaleni 1960, uMongameli Eyzenhaueer njengoba imincintiswano international ehola izikhundla elalihlala imicibisholo wase-USSR. Ngenxa yokuthi umsebenzi wokudala okungcono abacibishelayo iyunithi wakhululwa. Lo mkhankaso waba nemiphumela ngokushesha okukhulu - ithimba US wawina nezindondo eziyisithupha zegolide.

Njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka, kancane kancane, "lamabutho imisebenzi engcono abacibishelayo 'zishintshile. Kwanqunywa ukuba uqeqeshe amayunithi lempi sniping. Kamuva, kwadalulwa ngqo ekwakhiweni isu zempi futhi izikhali ngabanye.

Ukuthuthukiswa amayunithi ezifana nezinhlamvu, kuqala enikeziwe yinkampani "Winchester" futhi "Remington". Uveza ezihlukahlukene zokuguqulwa zokuhlola ngokusemthethweni izinkampani nezindlela Artisanal. Kodwa ekugcineni ngathatha isinyathelo kakade ikufakazele osezingeni .300 Win. Mag. nemidlalo amachashazi ekukhiqizweni.

Bundeswehr

On the German Armed Forces osezingeni .300 Win. Mag. Wenza ngaphezulu 1997 ne G22 ngezibhamu yokukhiqiza British.

Ngo Bundeswehr has izinhlobo ezimbili nezinhlamvu zalesi osezingeni:

• cartridges abavamile nge inhlamvu enesisindo 13 amagremu;
• I zempi ukubhoboza ichashazi nge isisindo 12.8 amagremu, kokuba core tungsten.

imibutho yamaphoyisa ahlomile yonke indawo metal cartridges ichashazi 10 amagremu isisindo, senzelwe ukudubula ngokusebenzisa ingilazi. Ngenxa injalo ekhethekile, igobolondo akaphelelwa elwa izakhiwo ngemva edabula ingilazi futhi akusho alandele ukusonteka.

Umthath'emunye ka-Square

Kuyadingeka ukwenaba ngalolu inkampani yase-US, okuyinto yaduma ngenxa ukuma okungavamile cartridges ekhiqizwa njengoba carbine "Winchester" futhi isibhamu ukuzingela iyiphi enye inkampani.

ideologist Chief, umsunguli lonjiniyela nezinhlamvu umugqa Wezempi uColonel Arthur Elfin. Ukuba uchwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe lempi, u-Arthur banquma ukuthuthela imisebenzi yayo lokuhlola ukudalwa izikhali ezihlukile kusukela wezempi e ukuzingela.

Izama ukwenza siqu cartridges okukhethekile yabo okuzingela waqala ngasekupheleni kuka-1960. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, isikhulu usethe inkampani igobolondo sakhe.

Ammunition umugqa wabizwa ngokuthi "Triad" njengoba kwenziwa izinhlobo ezintathu labo:

• ichashazi blunt zethusi okuqinile (Monolithic Solid);
• poluobolochennye (Dead-Tough) obukhulu zethusi;
• ichashazi nge igobolondo mncane (Lion Layisha).

Yezinjongo eziyinhloko, okuyinto bazingelwa kunjiniyela - ukudalwa esindayo ukuzingela izinhlamvu akwazi ukungena obukhulu kwemisipha izicubu zezinyamazane ezinkulu ngokudutshulwa at ibanga kwamamitha angu-200 kuya ku-300.

Inhlamvu Monolithic Solid wadala aphume izibalo yokulimala kwezitho ezibalulekile sitholakala ngaphansi obukhulu kwemisipha izicubu, amathambo eqinile futhi isikhumba obukhulu, izilwane ezifana inyathi, ubhejani owabe abonakala noma indlovu. Rifle "Winchester" ukuhlomisa amachashazi ezinjalo, liye labizwa ngokuthi "Slonoboyka".

Ammunition uhlobo Dead-Tough elinikeza qualitative Ukungena izikhumba umdlalo, kanye nokudalulwa inhlamvu isivele ngaphakathi. Njengoba iklanyelwe i-izinyamazane newula.

Lion Layisha Igama liyazikhulumela - ukuze ekuzingeleni izilwane nge isikhumba elincanyana - amabhubesi, izingwe nezinye carnivores omkhaya ikati.

Le nkampani inikeza anhlobonhlobo imikhiqizo okuzingela. Njengoba amachashazi behlukanisiwe cartridges kanye nezinhlamvu ngomumo ezilungiswe. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, ukuze eziye zabhekana inombolo zokuguqulwa eminyakeni.

Ngokushesha A-Square futhi zaqala ukudedela umugqa ayo ukuzingela ngezibhamu, okuyinto esekelwe carbine futhi isibhamu "Winchester". Yiqiniso, zonke ngithengiswe ngaphansi nomkhiqizi umkhiqizo igobolondo.

Nge landiswa onobuhle ezingaphezu kuka-40 phezu umugqa esikhathini cartridges. Popular emisha inkampani yethulwa ngo-2004 - chuck "magnumovskogo uhlobo" .400 A-Square DPM.

Ngenxa izinkinga zezimali, ngo-2011 inkampani beqiniso lashabalala, kusale uphawu ongenakucimeka wokulingwa kumlando.

isiphetho

Ngokuvamile, kuyafaneleka ukuthi isiko yesimanje ethandwa igama elithi "Magnum" isibhamu-uhlobo isibhamu Asho ukuthini Smith & Wesson Inkampani ngaphansi igobolondo 500 osezingeni noma "Colt Python" osezingeni 357. Ngaphansi - Desert Eagle, wethiwa igama elithi esifushanisiwe "Deagle".

Ngakho, ngo-Russian uchungechunge TV "SWAT" mishandled ishede amaphekula ejenti ucela induna ishede: "A" Magnum "kuyinto?", Ukuze okuyinto uthola impendulo: "" Magnum "elikhulu ungakhululekile, kunzima ukufihla ngaphansi ijazi. Qha. "

Yiqiniso, akuyona mayelana cartridges "magnumovskogo" uhlobo.

Kunzima ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi Kwakuqala ngqa wasebenzisa igama. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Magnum eside esinelebuli iziqukathi enkulu yewayini ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII (kusukela Latin Magnus -. A omkhulu, omkhulu). Futhi emhlabeni umculo bomculo yobuciko kwabizwa ngokuthi Magnum Opus, ukuze agcizelele ubukhulu egqumeni nemisebenzi yokudala abhalwa.

Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XIX emhlabeni izikhali okokuqala bentanta elisho ezinkulu osezingeni nezinhlamvu. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona igobolondo .300 Win. Mag.