Amaqembu zezakhiwo unomphela futhi izakhiwo

Esikhathini ingcebo wemboni nge kwencazelo iqembu nokuqina amaphrojekthi ukwakhiwa kufanele abhekane kaningi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngaphandle kule nqubo akudingekile uma ukubhaliswa isimo edingekayo insiza, noma isinqumo yokudilizwa.

Okuchaza ukuthi igama elithi "isakhiwo inhlokodolobha"?

izincwadi Wokulawula futhi lobuchwepheshe akukuniki uyiqaphuqaphu izimpawu incazelo nokuqina amaphrojekthi wokwakha. Noma kunjalo, leli gama lihlotshaniswa ukuqina, ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza esikhathini ukwakhiwa.

Indlela ukuchaza iqembu izakhiwo unomphela?

Ukuze nika isakhiwo phezu nokuqina iqembu, yamisa ikomiti uchwepheshe ekhethekile. Inqubo luhlolo kuhlanganisa kokuhlaziywa ezahlukahlukene. Khona-ke abakhululiwe eziyinhloko:

• Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa: isisekelo, izindonga, iphansi.
• izici Design ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngokomzimba futhi mechanical ukukhuthazela isakhiwo.
• I degree of ukumelana nomlilo.
• Izinga ngcono yangaphakathi, ngezidingo.

Capital Group zezakhiwo ukusetshenziswa civil

izixazululo Modern yezakhiwo ziyabonisa futhi ezahlukene enhlokodolobha imvelo ezakhiweni, ancike enhlosweni yabo. Ngakho, ezakhiwe zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa civil (izindlu), mancane okuhlala isikhathi eside ukwedlula commercial (umphakathi) impahla.

ukusebenza elingenazinkinga Ithemu luyisici esiyinhloko ekunqumeni iqembu izakhiwo unomphela futhi izakhiwo, ithebula kukuveza obala loku.

Mina iqembu nokuqina Izakhiwo zokuhlala

Ikhaya lokuqala ekilasini nokuqina namazinga wekhwalithi ephezulu. Umkhawulo ukuphila inkonzo kufinyelelwa ngenxa ukwakhiwa okuqinile, ikakhulukazi ehlanganisa Monolithic isisekelo, izindonga ophahleni. The main base zokwakha ukhonkolo, itshe. Izindonga zingenziwa block, itshe noma ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. Phansi - kwagcizelela ukhonkolo. Fire ukumelana anjalo izindawo esiphezulu. Isibonelo - multi-storey izindlu Monolithic zazo ikakhulu siqukethe yimuphi izakhiwo ezisemadolobheni.

Iqembu II nokuqina

Abamele lesi sigaba kancane ngemuva kokuba iqembu lokuqala e amandla nokuqina kwayo. Ngokungafani ekilasini lokuqala, kukhona udonga nakho kungaba ezinkulu-panel. Lezi zindlu kuyanda ezingasho emakethe ukwakhiwa, njengoba yakhiwe ngokushesha, futhi okubaluleke - osonkontileka izindleko ezishibhile Monolithic.

Iqembu III nokuqina

Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezinjalo kusetshenziswa inqubo okuxubile ukwakha izindonga usebenzisa izinto engasindi ngaphezulu .. Brick, ilahle amabhulokhi limestone, njll izindonga enjalo etholakala alula kakhulu kunomoya ukhonkolo noma itshe, kodwa walahlekelwa kumaphesenti athile ukukhuthazela ngokomzimba futhi lokukhanda.

Iqembu IV nokuqina

Izinhlaka okuxubile kwezindlu leli qembu esetshenziswa zokwakha ezifana izinkuni. kungenzeka Kumiswa samuntu sokhuni odongeni (oqoshiwe, bruschatye), flooring, izisekelo iribhoni engasindi. Pazharoustoychivost futhi ukuphila inkonzo kuyehla kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa ezazingaphambi kwayo. Ngokusho lolu hlobo zakhelwe ongaphakeme liphumele izindlu, emizini yabantu, hhayi kakhulu ukulayisha isisekelo.

iqembu V

Uzimele-panel zakhiwo kwenchubo lokhuni. Ngokhuni Uhlaka izindlu - kungcono ikakhulukazi Villas nezasemalokishini Cottages, yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesizini. A plus ocacile - aphansi izindleko isikhathi nemali, lokususa - okusezingeni eliphezulu umlilo ingozi futhi yempilo esifushane.

iqembu VI

abameleli Bright - zokugeza, emadlangaleni, emagalaji nezinye izakhiwo zesikhashana ezingaqinile, futhi izindawo. Basuke eyenzelwe umuntu ukusetshenziswa yasendlini.

Amaqembu zezakhiwo unomphela ngezinhloso zezimboni kanye nezinye

Ukuze izakhiwo ngenhloso zezimboni kanye nezinye ethulwa izidingo kuyiwa lobuchwepheshe kunase izinto empini, okungukuthi - ukukhulisa ukuphila service ibha. Ngezansi kukhona idatha ezinqumela uhlukanise tinsita ngemacembu owayehlala nokuqina zezakhiwo. Ithebula ibonisa imingcele yawo eyisisekelo, kanye ngokucacile okwaboniswa Ukwahlukaniswa izakhiwo emnothweni.

Impilo inkonzo zezakhiwo amaqembu nokuqina ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi injongo into. Ngakho, ngenxa zokukhiqiza insita ke kuhluka iminyaka engu-15 kuya 175, kuyilapho izinto ezisetshenziswa umphakathi okuhloswe ukuba sisetshenziswe kusukela engu-15 kuya ku-150. Kanjalo eduze iqembu isakhiwo unomphela kuya phezulu inombolo ngezigaba, ayanda izimfuneko ukukhuthazela umlilo ukumelana layo ngokomzimba futhi lokukhanda. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ezingeni capital kuthonywa izici ezengeziwe ezifana umhlobiso angaphakathi, imisebenzi yobunjiniyela, futhi imishini yezobuchwepheshe lesi sakhiwo.