Amandla umfutho - yini ukuthi ukukhiqizwa?

Isikhombisi esibalulekile ukuzinza ezithuthukisa umnotho wezwe - energy ukusetshenziswa. Lamanje imikhuba yokukhiqiza kanye ukusetshenziswa elikhulu kwamandla kagesi abe nomthelela omubi emhlabeni ezungeze. Amazwe efuna ukwehlisa lezi zibalo.

Umqondo amandla umfutho

Amandla umfutho - inani imfucuza amandla noma fuel baqhubeka izinqubo zokukhiqiza. Uhlelo ugesi ibalwa njengoba ukubaluleka isilinganiso ukuze ubukhulu bamandla esetshenziswa, okuyinto eveza ukusebenza Imininingwane uhlelo.

Umthamo amandla enkulu ekwakhekeni umkhiqizo olulodwa akuthathwa njengephutha value ehlukile. Amandla umfutho - kuyinto izindleko zokukhiqiza, okuyinto, njengenjwayelo, ibalwe ngenxa isikhathi esithile esinikeziwe (ngenyanga, ngonyaka, njll). Zibonisa kuhlelwe variable izindleko zokukhiqiza phezu ukuthi isikhathi sokuphumula.

Naphezu ezivamile ingxenye umfanekiso wanoma energy ukusetshenziswa iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isici ukuba siyicabangele.

Ukubalwa amandla umfutho

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi - inkomba lobeka ezingeni kanye ukukhiqiza isicelo kwezinsiza (amandla kagesi noma fuel) ekukhiqizeni. Lokhu value akuxhomekile uhlobo oluthile imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa.

Zokuwuhluza kukhona eqolo. Lezi zihlanganisa futhi amabhizinisi zamakhemikhali.

Okokhelekayo namandla izindleko zihlanganisa eziningi izici. Amapharamitha ezifana amandla nophethiloli umthamo, kuyinto uhlelo izinkomba ukucacisa izindleko. ukukhiqizwa energy umfutho esibaliwe ratio ukukhiqizwa umthamo izindleko yenqwaba izimpahla ithengiswe.

Ingabe Zikhona Izimo Ezenza izinqubo

Kutfutfukiswa izinqubo zobuchwepheshe kuyinto lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Mashinoemkost. Ngamanye amazwi, kufanele uthole ukuthi impahla edingekayo kanye nenani imishini ukuthi kuyodingeka ukuqedela inqubo noma ubuchwepheshe ukuthuthukiswa.
• Consumables ukuthi kuzodingeka ekuqhubeni imishini kukhonjisiwe ngenhla.
• Ukusetshenziswa izinto zokukhiqiza (supply).
• Le ndawo adingekayo ngenxa yokukhiqiza lomkhiqizo.
• Amandla okuzamazama ukukhiqizwa.
• Okokhelekayo amasheya ukwenza zokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo.

Amandla umfutho - kuyinto izindleko zokukhiqiza noma amandla ngoba yokukhiqiza yayo. Lokhu value kunqunywa sokuhlukanisa by ivolumu ezithile umkhiqizo kanye umthamo yonke imikhiqizo. Esibaliwe zonke izinhlobo abathwali amandla, kanye eceleni.

Ukubala eneji umfutho

Ukubalwa Imininingwane amandla okuzamazama ukukhiqizwa for ngonyaka yakhiwa imali esigabeni ngasinye ngabanye senqubo yokukhiqiza. fuel, ugesi namandla ukusetshenziswa zichazwe ngokuvumelana nezindlela ezihlukahlukene (inqubo yokubala ecacisiwe izinga iyunithi kwezimpahla ngalinye nokunye okunjalo).

Amapharamitha Economic zihlanganisa izindleko imishini emisha noma okudlekayo, izindleko zokukhiqiza imikhiqizo nokusetshenziswa leli thuluzi, kanye ukusetshenziswa amaphuzu ukukhiqiza.

endaweni Okubalulekile zokukhiqiza - nokongiwa nsiza. Izinyathelo nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa amandla futhi ukukhathazeka. Zonke-round ngcono zonke izinqubo kwanoma iyiphi ukukhiqiza engabizi zobuchwepheshe uhlelo.

Amandla okuzamazama GDP

umthamo Energy ekhiqizwa yezinhlangano ezimbonini, kanye nomnotho ezweni lonke. Amandla amandla we-GDP isetshenziswa kube inkomba yokuthi ukusebenza namandla. Kuchazwa ngu izindleko ingqikithi amandla nophethiloli umnotho-GDP, futhi libonisa umthelela ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamandla kuleli zwe. GDP amandla isici amandla ukugcwaliswa yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo.

Encishisiwe ukukhiqiza kahle kungenxa okusezingeni eliphezulu energy ukusetshenziswa. sadlala amandla kuholela energy ukusetshenziswa enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo, anda umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene. Kukhona izinqubo ezimbili ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kahle - okwandisa uphinde wehlise energy ukusetshenziswa.

Indlela ukunciphisa amandla ukusetshenziswa?

Egajwe ekunciphiseni amandla okuzamazama umcimbi, kusukela ukukhiqizwa zamanje inomphumela omubi phezu kwezwe. Ukubulawa lezo zinqubo ekusetshenzisweni ukonga uphethiloli kanye energy imithombo (FER) ungakwazi ukwandisa umkhiqizo kulo emnothweni.

Ukuhlaziywa umgomo we-GDP kunomthelela oqonde ngqo ku kwencazelo nokwehla inkomba energy ukusetshenziswa. Inani Kubalwa ekutholweni lesi silinganiso e base imali eyamukelekayo ukusebenzisa ibhange elikhulu nohlobo tekubala yangaphakathi. Lapho eqhathanisa imiphumela yonyaka kubalulekile acabangele kwamandla emali.

Ngokucijile kukhona enye inkinga. ukuhlolwa Inhloso ye GDP kwamazwe ngokwako kungabazeka kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, kucatshangwa omkhiqizo ngokuvumelana amazinga exchange, kungenzeka nje kuphela ukuze kuhlanekezelwe idatha, kodwa awukuqondi ngokugcwele yokusimamisa umnotho wezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushintshisana akubonisi ukubaluleka lwemali emakethe yasekhaya. Kukhona ubuhlobo komugqa phakathi amanani kanye nokungaba elilinganisiwe zwe.

Umbandela zokungabi amandla kagesi ubhekwa isilinganiso kwamanani amandla idliwe ukubaluleka ukusebenza wesistimu. Basuke kuchazwa embhalweni iphrojekthi imikhiqizo yazo zonke izinhlobo.

amandla umfutho

Umbandela esiyinhloko amandla amandla ubhekwa inkulumo zezinombolo. Kuyinto isilinganiso amandla ubukhulu bale umphumela ukusebenza wesistimu. Izinkomba kuchazwa embhalweni iphrojekthi imikhiqizo yazo zonke izinhlobo.

Likhono esiqiwini amandla libhekene njengoba inani, ngokuphelele, isihlobo neziqondile.

• Inani uyakucabangela izindleko energy yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba anikeze incazelo jikelele yenqubo ukukhiqizwa izindleko.
• Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke inquma inani energy ukusetshenziswa iyunithi ukukhiqizwa ngamunye futhi isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni yohlobo olufanayo. It ulindele ukufunwa amandla futhi ihlola isicelo sabo.
• Specific kwamandla kuyinto ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi iyunithi izici ezithile lobuchwepheshe komkhiqizo ngamunye. Yena ephawula inqubekela phambili multiproduct yokukhiqiza uhlelo.
• Isihlobo - lokhu ingxenye yawo wonke amandla ukusetshenziswa futhi izakhi zalo zokukhiqiza kanye yokuthengisa.

Umehluko ekusebenzeni

Izinkomba esebenza futhi ukugeleza ukulahlekelwa ingahluka ngisho ne esilinganayo namandla ukukhiqiza. Lezi nemingcele zihlanganisa okuza kukhishwe izingxenye kusukela feedstock nokwenza izinhlelo ukusebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa womshini ushintsho.

Inani izinkomba wamandla asetshenziswa zinezikhathi ukucabanga elula nokutholakala. Ngosizo lwabo kungenzeka ukuba afeze ukuhlaziya amandla nobuchwepheshe kunoma iyiphi umkhakha. Lezi zinkomba uvumele ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwemithombo yezamandla ekukhiqizeni, kubhekelwa umkhakha eqondene akhawunti.

Kumiswa isu amandla ngayinye inkampani kungenzeka ukuxazulula le nkinga ukuze unciphise izindleko. I nokuqaliswa kohlelo izinkomba ukuhlola umthelela ukusetshenziswa amandla - omunye izinkomba yesu. Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi nezindleko lapho kuvezwa zibaluleke ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuncintisana amabhizinisi emakethe komnotho wephasi loke.