Adaptha Wells - kahle Modern ekupheleni indlela

Ukuhlela amanzi ngezwe lakini site, kufanele ukuxazulula imibuzo eminingi. Ngokwesibonelo, yamba kahle kanjani njengoba ukunikeza umgodi uphawu kubha eseceleni, khetha futha kahle nokunye okuningi. Ezitolo emehlweni washintsha enaleni imishini downhole. Uma sikhuluma ubuqotho kahle uthayi-e, kodwa manje kukhona izindlela eziyisisekelo ezine: kahle, nendawo, a caisson ngoba imithombo nemithombo adaptha. Yehluka nomunye by izindleko, umsebenzi kanye nokwethembeka. Ukuze uqale, ukulahla izindlela ezimbili zokuqala ngenxa yezizathu inhloso (imithombo - kungathembeki kakhulu, futhi emadokodweni izindleko uphakeme kakhulu kangangokuthi bajwayele kuphela inhlangano wamanzi ngokuhlanganyela). Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko sizogxila izindlela ezimbili ethandwa kakhulu yelungiselelo yamanzi imithombo: caissons futhi adapters Borehole.

Caisson kuyinto emgqonyeni enkulu eyenziwe ngepulasitiki noma lwensimbi, okuyinto has a imbobo ezansi (ukungena we bezinhlamvu womthombo), kanye umgodi mgodi phezulu.

Ukuze uthole eside isikhathi metal caissons ngoba imithombo kuyinto monopolist kuleli zwe supply ilungiselelo. Le mikhiqizo kwadingeka eziningi nemiphumela ethile engathandeki: ilethe inkinga enkulu, eyinkimbinkimbi yokumiswa, Ubukhulu umxhwele futhi ngesisindo, ezingabazisayo ukubaluleka yobuhle, Ukuvikelwa abampofu ukuvulwa emthethweni. Kodwa ethile eyinhloko - kuba singenamandla sekuyaphela ngokumelene ukugqwala. Kwabe sekufika caissons plastic, lapho kwakukhona inzuzo enkulu phezu kwensimbi caissons: Plastic akusho nokugqwala. Kodwa ngebhadi akuzona ngaphandle nemibi: caissons esisha esasinalo ukumelana kancane kakhulu inhlabathi ingcindezi. Lokhu kusimo yalungiselelwa ukungakwazi ukufaka caissons plastic lapho izinga komhlaba siphakeme ngokwanele.

Ngeshwa noma cha, izimpawu wukuthi esikhathini caissons ezibizayo besiyoba sikhulu siphele - yisabelo ukuncintisana inikeza kubo nabazala iyashelela futhi icwecwe usuku ngalunye oludlulayo ke kuba more. Mayelana ukuthi yinhle yini noma yimbi, kungaba isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuba ngiphikisane naye, kodwa empeleni iqiniso wukuthi abathengi kuba nesithakazelo kule impendulo yombuzo othi "lokho kungcono ukuthenga i-adaptha ukuze emgodini."

Adapters ngoba imithombo (Eng. Pitless adaptha) esanda kutholakala, kule 60s kwekhulu elidlule, kodwa kuphela maphakathi nawo-80s, baye kwakuqala ukwanda phakathi abathengi. Pitless-adapters ayizimvu zamanzi ingcindezi amanzi amapayipi, wazenza ngethusi noma zethusi.

Uma ufuna ukuthenga adaptha kahle, kufanele baqaphe umehluko phakathi zethusi zethusi nokufakwa. Brass neyethusi Alloys ezingaba zethusi ababezithola phansi benze asebenzisa ezahlukene izingxenye alloying. Brass is doped usebenzisa i-zinc, kuyilapho zethusi - ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle zinc kanye ne-nickel. Bronze idlula lethusi ukumelana ukugqwala izakhiwo mechanical anti-friction. Ithusi esitebeleni umoya, amanzi olwandle, isixazululo acid carbonic nezisombululo of acid kakhulu eziphilayo. Ngenxa yalokho, esikhathini Bronze adaptha akusho kwengcindezi yokugqwala kuzokwenzeka. Ngeke Leach-zinc. Ningabi uhlelo amanzi of izinsimbi ezisindayo ezifana ne-nickel nomthofu. Futhi akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi omunye isihlukanisi lethusi phakathi izinto ezimbili ezihlukene kuzosiza ukuvimbela lo mkhuba ukugqwala kukagesi. I ethile kuphela izimpahla lethusi phambi zethusi kuyinto izindleko zabo. Lokhu kungenxa wokuqukethwe ephakeme ithusi ithusi.

Kufinyeta, singasho ukuthi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo yokuhlanzeka, amazinga nokwethenjelwa ukuqina ngaphandle kokusebenzisa zethusi Borehole adapters kunzima ukwenza.