Zokuvikela okudidiyelwe: ngezigaba, umklamo, imishini

Ukuthuthukiswa zokuvikela yesimanje buhlobene eduze izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ukuhlanganiswa ezishintshayo jikelele. Lokhu kusebenza hhayi kuphela izindlela zokuvikeleka, kodwa futhi kunoma iyiphi enye, okuyinto zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza zohlelo lokuphatha kanye esisekela ukuphila yokuhlala, ihhovisi kanye nezinye izakhiwo noma izinto. Ukuthuthukiswa okunomqondo lo mkhuba kuholele ukuvela ezinjengokungcoliswa nokuvikeleka izinhlelo ezididiyelwe, lapho kukhona amathuba amaningi.

Kuyini lokhu?

Ngenxa ISF isisekelo wenza hardware lwahlangana kanti futhi isofthiwe platform, okuyinto ukulawula kuyazenzakela kokuba egqinsiwe isakhiwo inethiwekhi. It has a isikhungo ezivamile, esekelwe inethiwekhi yekhompyutha zendawo ekuhlinzekeni ukutholakala ukuxhumana imigqa, kanye nokwaziswa isilawuli ethola kumadivayisi, futhi ezihlukahlukene Amadivayisi neuropathy. Ngosizo lwabo, kuhlanganiswe uhlelo yezokuphepha inikeza iqoqo nokucutshungulwa idatha kusuka izinzwa ezihlukahlukene, nokulawula wenziwa ku zonke izinhlobo ezishintshayo izindlela.

ISF - idivayisi esebenza nge-computer, nge ezihlinzeka ukulawula elikhulu nokuvikeleka kwanoma yiziphi izindawo, ngakho-ke kungaphansi ngokugcwele imithetho ehlukene kanye nezidingo umtsetfo lokhona.

imiqondo eyisisekelo

Security izinhlelo zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili, wasungula zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele:

• Okuzenzakalelayo. Bahlanganisa abasebenzi, kanye iqoqo elithile ezishintshayo amathuluzi yomsebenzi wakhe. Ukuqalisa yelwati ukwenza imisebenzi ethile.
• zokuvikela Uxhumano ezenzakalelayo hlobo. Inhlanganisela ezimbili noma eziningana AU oxhumene, lapho ukusebenza ngayinye isici ngabanye kuncike ngokuqondile ngakolunye ngendlela yokuthi isethi ezinjalo kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha idivayisi olulodwa.

Ngokuhambisana imiqondo okuxoxwe ingachazwa kanye ISF kakhulu.

definition

zokuvikela Kuqiniswe kukhona iqoqo izindlela lobuchwepheshe, okuyinto zenzelwe ukulawula umlilo nokuvikeleka alamu amadivayisi noma alamu, kanye othomathikhi imishini umlilo-elwa, ukufinyelela ne-TV ukubhekwa. Basuke izimpawu ulwazi, yezobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza, kanye ne-software ukuhambisana. Lokhu kusenza bakubheka njengento isethi eyodwa eziyinkimbinkimbi ezenzakalelayo.

Kule ncazelo kumele kuphetfwe, nokuthi izinhlelo okuklama yezokuphepha yalolu hlobo is dalo of isakhiwo ezonikeza ukuvikelwa izinhlobo eziningana izinsongo. Uma sicabangela definition ngenhla, kufanele bavikeleke umlilo kungenzeka, kanye izinsongo ahlukahlukene lobugebengu.

HMB Modern esekelwe phezulu inethiwekhi isakhiwo ehlanganisa LANs ehlukahlukene computer kanye namazinga ezihlukahlukene eyinkimbinkimbi ezikhethekile Computing amadivaysi.

amazinga

Design uhlobo okudidiyelwe zokuvikela sihlinzekela ukudalwa amazinga amane.

Eyokuqala - ifomethi ikhompyutha kwenethiwekhi "amaklayenti-server", esekelwe inethiwekhi ye-Ethernet usebenzisa TCP / olandelwayo IP usebenzisa ezikhethekile yesistimu yokusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Nge kulelizinga unikeza ukuxhumana egcwele phakathi iseva main futhi iziteshi ezahlukene zokusebenza opharetha. ISF Management, esinikela ukulawula wonke amadivayisi, kubala control ukufinyelela izinhlelo, umlilo izinhlelo, kanye nabanye abaningi, ngezincwadi isofthiwe ekhethekile. Futhi izinto ezincane ngisho ihlinzeka kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa i-PC olulodwa. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi ezingeni phezulu inikeza Ukukhulumisana nokulawula parallel lezinto akude, futhi yesimanje hardware amakhono uvumele idatha iziteshi ezahlukene zokuxhumana elikuvumela ukudala ngesisekelo uhla egcwele ukuqapha ukuphepha ISF izinto kude kakhulu.

Izinga lesibili siqukethe abalawuli wendawo, okuyinto izilawuli eziyisisekelo. Ngabo, elawulwa izinhlelo umlilo nabanye. iyunithi ngalinye lendawo kumele kuqinisekiswe ukulandelwa imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu endaweni zawo ezehlukile, ngisho noma kuyinto ebuhlotsheni obuphukile ezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuqinisekisa uxhumano phakathi kumadivayisi eyohlobo esetshenziswa RS485 esibonakalayo, noma yimuphi omunye, ukuhlinzeka kungenzeka ekwakheni ezingeni zezimboni inethiwekhi agcwele, ezahlukene exchange ngokwanele ulwazi, kanye isivikelo ukuphazamiseka izinga. Ukuxhumana phakathi laphakathi phezulu futhi yesibili ungahlinzekela ngokusebenzisa ezinye ethize inethiwekhi isilawuli ngokuxhuma kuso kwiseva. Kwezinye ISF esebenzisa ACS (control nokulawula ukufinyelela), kanye neminye imishini zokuzivikela, kukhona ukuthi kungenzeka ukufinyelela ngqo ungqimba engenhla ngokusebenzisa TCP / IP olandelwayo.

On ezingeni lesithathu ziqondiswa amadivayisi kunethiwekhi axhumene isilawuli ngamunye, futhi futhi kunenzuzo ezimweni eziningi Kuyinto evamile ukusebenzisa esibonakalayo RS485. Inani lamadivayisi inethiwekhi ezingaba uxhumeke isilawuli lingafika ku 256. Kulokhu, ngesilwane esifuywayo yabo wehlukile ngempela, ezisukela ejwayelekile ukuxhuma Wegazi ezikhethekile osabalalayo izihibe ukuze abalawuli eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingeni lesithathu. Isibonelo, zokucisha amadivayisi ukulawula noma amamojuli ukuthi ukuxhuma Analogue addressable umlilo imitshina.

Izinga lesine kuhlanganisa imitshina ehlukahlukene alamu OPS, ACS actuators (control nokulawula ukufinyelela) kanye ezikhethekile ukuqapha amadivaysi imishini, izinzwa namanye amadivayisi amaningi. Ngo iningi labantu amacala kulelizinga kuvamile impela ukusebenzisa yezifiso ethize futhi okungezona ezijwayelekile kanye interface.

amakhono obuchwepheshe ukuthi isihambile le ISF, asebenzisa umugqa video ukubhekwa kanye eziningi kwamanye amadivaysi, akuvumela ukuthi ichaze futhi amathemba elandelayo yentuthuko yabo, ikhono ukuhlanganisa nanoma iyiphi enye indlela ezishintshayo, kanye nokwandisa inani eliphelele zinhlobo futhi isibalo Ukuvikelwa usongo okuyinto ibangelwa ukuzisebenzisa. Umkhuba kulandele ukuhlanganiswa uwukuhlangana we IBP ezikhona namadivayisi ahlukahlukene nokulawula izinhlelo, ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo into ukuthi kuhlobene welithi "isakhiwo wobuhlakani".

Yini Lalimeleleni?

Intelligent sakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa yenhlangano, ubunjiniyela, umklamo kanye ne-software izixazululo ukuthi zisetshenziselwa ukwakha ephelele Imininingwane ukuphathwa nengqalasizinda. It iklanyelwe ukunikeza efaneleka kakhulu nezimo ubuchwepheshe ukusevisa into ethile, kanye ngokunembile nezidingo eziyisisekelo abanikazi bayo kule plan nokuvikeleka. Kukhona zingasetshenziswa yinoma ACS, CCTV umugqa, kanye nezinye izindawo eziningana lapho imishini ephambili elikuvumela ukuba ukushintsha futhi nesimanje uhlelo nokuvikeleka.

Inhloso Its main iwukuba ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kuzo zonke zobunjiniyela, amandla nokongiwa, kanye ukuthola, ukuzivikela ezifweni nangesidingo kungenzeka ukususwa kuhlinzwa kwanoma iyiphi izimo eziphuthumayo ezivukayo ezingavela ngesikhathi ukusebenza kule ndawo, ekugcineni ekunciphiseni imiphumela umonakalo ngangokunokwenzeka.

kusetshenziswa kuphi?

Namuhla, okuhlangene lobuchwepheshe uhlelo ukuphepha format "isakhiwo wobuhlakani" e iningi labantu izimo zenzeka ehhovisi futhi yokuhlala izindawo. isingeniso Abo izindawo zezimboni kanye ukukhiqizwa kuvula kungenzeka yokudala izakhiwo ezinjalo, lapho inqubo ezishintshayo yenqubo ukukhiqizwa noma umsebenzi oyinhloko into evikelwe kuyinto ngqo okuhlobene ukuphepha hhayi kuphela isakhiwo ngokwaso, kodwa futhi labo kuwo abantu kusukela izinhlobo ezahlukene eziningi izinsongo ukuthi can kungaba kule nqubo. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezindawo ezithile izimiso ezisekela ukuphila kuleli cala ivumela esiphezulu kahle nangempumelelo ukuphoqelela imisebenzi sokusebenza. Ngamandla abo, abakubonisayo ephelele ngokuzenzakalela ukwesekwa ukulawula ukuphila izinhlelo, ukusebenza kanye luhlobo nokuvikeleka.

ukuhlanganiswa kanjani?

Uxhumano zokuvikela eziyinkimbinkimbi zidalwe ngezigaba eziningana, njengoba main phakathi esimelela out:

• ukufakwa;
• umklamo;
• kokuqhuba zangaphambi nokuthuma ;
• Idiphozithi e yokwamukela ikhasimende.

Iyiphi into esebenzisa kusho alamu umgqekezi nezinye izakhi kohlelo yezokuphepha, kubhekwa njengento ngokuphelele esiyingqayizivele, lapho isakhiwo ngasinye ezivezwa ochwepheshe kuyinto nesisodwa ukuthi is wadala ngokuphindaphindiwe for lezinto ezingafaniko.

imphawu letibalulekile

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inqubo yokudala yiluphi uhlelo uyakucabangela zoMthetho imithetho esebenzayo namazinga emkhakheni sokudalwa imikhiqizo efanayo. Ikakhulu, i-oda izindinganiso ukwamukelwa esungulwe, ukuqhubeka nokuvunywa ngemibhalo yomsebenzi futhi umsebenzi lobuchwepheshe, kanye oda ngqo ukukhiqiza, ukulawula, ukufakwa nokubeka ku-operation ethola iyunithi ukukhiqizwa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene noma izakhi zabo ngabanye. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba baqonde kahle, ukuthi izinzwa ukuphepha kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza kungaba uhlanganiswe ngokuphelele, kushintshwe, ihlolwe, nokukhuluma kuphela endaweni eqondile wokusebenza ngokubambisana izindawo ezithile ukukhiqizwa.

design

Indima ebaluleke kunazo zonke ekudalweni inikezwe inqubo design, ngoba kulesi sigaba kubekwa zonke kunesidingo izinga izici. ngokukhethekile kufanele ikhokhwe yokuthi enqubeni yokwakha omunye wemibuzo obaluleke kunayo yonke ongazibuza ukukhethwa ethize izindlela lobuchwepheshe okuzokwenza ekugcineni ukudala i ukuphathwa nokuvikeleka okuhlangene shayela.

Ngaphansi izindlela lobuchwepheshe kulokhu kusho ukuthi imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kanye jikelele lonke uhlelo njengoba ukukhiqizwa ukukhiqizwa ngabanye, okuyinto ngayinye into umuntu owadalwa ngokusebenzisa design, ukufakwa, ethuma nokubeka okwalandela.

Ubunzima main

Kunoma ikuphi, le ISF kuyinto isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu lobuchwepheshe, ngakho ngo-inqubo indalo yayo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile, esibonakala hhayi kuphela inhloso yayo obusebenzayo, kodwa futhi ezinye izici zokukhiqiza. Ukwahlukanisa izinhlelo zokuzivikela wehlukile ngempela, futhi ngayinye kuwo inikeza siqu izici, kunezinzuzo zako kanye nebubi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona njalo inkinga ukuhambisana imishini, okuhlanganisa izakhi ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Umsebenzi yokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana efanele amadivayisi subsystems ahlukahlukene, okuyinto kuye kwahlanganiswa ku ISF.
• amadivaysi ahambisanayo ezivela abakhiqizi ezahlukene.

Kuyadingeka ukuba bakuqonde ngokunembile, ukuthi zonke lezi zinkinga kufanele ngokugcwele ukuxazululwa kuze Uhlelo lokuvikela umlilo ehlangene, futhi abanye basesimweni esigabeni design. Ngemva kwakho konke lokhu lapho bengena namanje kungenziwa ubuhle ngaphakathi kukhethwa ukuhlanganiswa indlela.

izimiso

Izimiso design ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa indlela ekhethiwe ukuhlanganiswa, nakho kuncike Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu ISF. izimiso Sami efanayo kungenziwa ihlukaniswe amazinga amane ayisisekelo:

• Ezingeni project, uhlelo ibe ingxube imishini ehlukahlukene esingavunyelwe elakhelwe ngaphakathi dalo of ISF.
• Ezingeni isofthiwe senzeka phakathi kumadivayisi we abakhiqizi ezahlukene. Kulokhu, esekelwe eziklanyelwe ukuhlanganisa umkhiqizo isofthiwe, kanye uhlelo lokulawula esekelwe PC jikelele-njongo.
• On the ihadiwe isofthiwe ezingeni ezikhethekile imishini kuhlanganiswe izinhlelo okuhlangene ukuphepha kanye nemikhiqizo isofthiwe abakhiqizi, uhlelo lokuphathwa esekelwe PC jikelele-njongo.
• Ezingeni hardware ihlanganisa software kudivayisi nomkhiqizi ethize, nokuphatha uhlelo Kwenziwa ngaphandle kwesidingo PC jikelele-njongo, ngokusekelwe ukusebenza okuphezulu okukhethekile abalawuli, kanye LAN okusekelwe kuzo.

Isiqophi ukubhekwa

Ukudidiyelwa video ukubhekwa subsystem isihloko ehlukile. Kukhona okukhethwa kukho okuthathu esiyinhloko ukuqaliswa ezifana yilezi:

• Ezingeni phrojekthi. Systems ehlangana ngisho inqubo design for into ngayinye, umklamo abaphathiswe izinkampani umsebenzi-obandayo, evamile ngokuthi "uhlelo integrators."
• Ezingeni hlelo. Ukuze ujoyine subsystems wasebenzisa isofthiwe ezikhethekile, okuyinto isakhiwa futhi zilethwe njengomkhiqizo ozimele.
• On hardware ne-software level. Kutfutfukiswa software kanye hardware wenziwa uhlelo olulodwa, ngaleyo ndlela nokufeza lusebenze kahle kakhulu, ngoba yonke inqubo ukuthuthukiswa ngokuyinhloko kanzulu ezandleni efanayo, futhi lonke uhlelo iza khona isiqinisekiso ukukhiqizwa.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzo zonke izinkethi abe ethile evamile - isicelo phezulu wemenejimenti indinganiso jikelele-njongo computer.

platform hardware

Kuze kube manje, ukuhlanganiswa yesikhulumi hardware zibandakanya isiqondiso empeleni esasisesisha yentuthuko wemigomo esemqoka ye ISF. Phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kulesi siqondiso ekuqaleni umsebenzi kwaba ukuqeda nemiphumela ethile engathandeki ezihlukahlukene ezinye izindlela, okungukuthi, ukunikeza renunciation ephelele ISB kunoma yiliphi izinga ejwayelekile PC jikelele-njongo.

Hardware ukuhlanganiswa ubuchwepheshe kusekelwe imishini ukuthi engabondli abakubo isidingo ukubamba iqhaza PC, kodwa ikuvumela ukuba sifinyelele ukusebenza esiphezulu nokwethembeka kohlelo esetshenziswa.