Yini ubude zokuphila platelet? platelet sokuphila

Ngo inqubo ukonakala lamaseli umnkantsha, izinhlayiya zegazi akhiwa. Lawa amaseli obangela coagulation umsebenzi wegazi kanye nokubuyiselwa izindonga semithambo.

isimo avuthiwe

Ukukhuluma ngokuthi lokho isikhathi sokuphila ka-platelet, ochwepheshe abaningi abayibheka njengebalulekile kuphela inkathi lapho bachazwa ngokuthi isakhiwo esihlukene megakaryocyte. Isikhathi lapho eyambumbayo nje futhi uvuthwa, hhayi kunakwe.

Ngokwesilinganiso, basuke egazini cishe isonto. Kodwa iminyaka yokuphila platelet womuntu zingaba phakathi 5 kuya 12 izinsuku. Ochwepheshe ukukhomba eziningana zezinto eziphilayo: abadala, abancane, ovuthiwe futhi ifomu yokucasuka. Abanaso zincike engu-amangqamuzana izici uhlelo umsebenzi hematopoietic.

Umjikelezo ukuthuthukiswa

Zonke platelet akhiwa umnkantsha. Luqala ngokunikela koloni ukwakha iyunithi megakaryocyte, ubizwa ngokuthi "CFU-Meg." It ihlukaniswe by mitosis. Kungoba kwakhiwa ekuqaleni promegakarioblast oludlula ku megakaryoblasts.

Kwaphela izinsuku ezingu-4-5 e-umnkantsha abavuthiwe amaseli akhethekile - megakaryocytes, ogama ubukhulu imayelana 60-120 microns. Kwandulelwe ifomu olukhethekile cytoplasm basophilic okusanhlamvu-free kanye nokuthambekela nucleus ukuze polymorphism. Ibizwa ngokuthi "promegakaryocyte". I ovuthiwe megakaryocyte cytoplasm likhulu ngobukhulu nokutholakala hlamvu wakhe umbala violet-pink. Umnyombo ke anolaka, kungase nokuma okuhlukahlukene yinqaba.

It ahlukaniswa cytoplasm megakaryocyte amaseli encane yegazi, kepha efaniswe ukuma idiski. Kusukela leli phuzu singaxoxa ngalokho isikhathi wokuphila platelet. Hlaziya, njengoba umthetho, kuphela amafomu ovuthiwe. Ziyakwazi emzimbeni lomuntu okunempilo kufanele kube ngu-90%.

Isibalo amaseli

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani abaningi abasuka enjalo egazini amaseli non-zenuzi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukungacabangi nje kuphela ngalokho isikhathi ekuphileni we platelet, kodwa yayihlanganisa nokuthi ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi kungakanani zivela. Ukuze amakhilogramu esisindo ngamunye kumele babe komyalelo wokungabi 15x10 ^6. Kusukela megakaryocyte ngamunye inqubo ukuqoqwa otshnurovyvaetsya mayelana 3000 nama-platelet. Namanje kwakhiwa mayelana 7-17% we isamba is emaphashini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi njengoba prothrombocytes lingene egazini. Bona ngokuzimela ukufinyelela microcircular ukukhanya siteshi. Futhi-ke kwenzeka platelet ukukhululwa inqubo.

Nsuku zonke emzimbeni womuntu ukhiqiza cishe 66 ± 14,6 inkulungwane. Platelet .mu.l ngalinye legazi ngalinye. Ngo igazi lomuntu omdala kufanele ubale kusukela 180 kuya ^ku-9 320h10 lezi egazi, izingane kungaba kusuka 150 kuya 450h10 ^9. Kodwa lapho kubalwa inani ubudala babo kufanele kubhekwe. Ngokwesibonelo, izinsana abangekho ngisho izinsuku ezingu-10, ngezinye izikhathi ingaba umthombo kusuka 99 kuya 420h10 ^9.

ukubukeka amapuleti

Zonke inkunzi abavuthiwe baye baqeqesha sakhiwo lesifanako. Kulokhu, igazi platelet sesikhathi sokuphila zingahluka. Ngamunye amapuleti disc emise ayiqukethe nje nengaphakathi kodwa has a granulomer liphakathi nendawo, esakhiwa elimbudumbudu azurophilic. Kungenzeka njengoba abaningi kusukela 5 kuya 20. Futhi, izinhlayiya zegazi ovuthiwe zihlukaniswa khona futhi gialomeru Lilac imingcele ecacile.

I ububanzi we cell obugcwele mayelana 3-4 microns. Basuke izimpawu i kobujamo obusaqanda noma isiyingi kwediski like. Ebusweni uphumule bona bushelelezi. Kodwa uma nabo nezinye izindikimba noma ngaphezulu angaphandle amaseli ngokushesha avele ezihlobene asamicwana ukuthi abanike star emise.

isakhiwo

Ngaphezu ulwazi ubude obuphakathi nendawo impilo platelet imayelana ezingu-7, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kuzo zonke cell kukhona izingqimba ezintathu. Izoni neuropathy siqukethe nadmembrannoy endaweni elisemandleni injongo platelet kusebenze. Ngemva kuba ulwelwesi ukuthi unesibopho ukuphendula eyanele futhi ifike ngesikhathi esitokisini, futhi igazi ekunqandeni izici. It is okuthiwa i-matrix phospholipid. Lokho-ke wakha koagualyatsionnye izakhiwo. Kuyinto futhi obangela adhesion futhi aggregation platelet.

Esikhathini indawo ye sol-gel kuyizinto mitochondria. Futhi kukhona iziteshi ekhethekile ukuxhuma ungqimba ne kubanda ulwelwesi olungaphandle. Zone sol-gel yakhiwa trombostein obhekene amapuleti disc emise.

Endaweni ehlukile, ochwepheshe ukuhlukanisa organelles indawo. Kukhona 4 izinhlobo zithutha. Kuzo yinqubo ekuqongeleleni izici of igazi ekunqandeni. Bona ukusebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iqiniso lokuthi ubude platelet sesikhathi sokuphila izinsuku ezingu 5-12.

Wathi ngokwahlukana esishintshashintshayo angabhekwa at kokukhulisa amaningi ngaphansi ngesibonakhulu amaseli.

platelet sokuphila

Ngemva zegazi bahlukaniswa megakaryocytes, zingena egazini. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukulawulwa kwale nqubo iye thrombopoietin. Kubalulekile evamile platelet ukwakheka kanye nokuvuthwa egcwele cytoplasm ka megakaryocytes.

Cishe 1/3 we isamba zibekwe ubende. Labo abasele abanga-70% egazini Imininingwane circulating. idepho okunjalo kudalwa ubende ngenxa yokuthi basuke ezihambayo emzimbeni kancane. Inqubo ndima kuthatha imizuzu 8. Ngenxa yalokho, i-platelet zikhishwa bungene egazini siya endaweni lapho zidingeka khona. Zonke izinkinga ubende ngokushesha ukuboniswa inani zegazi. Nokho, lokhu akuphazamisi isikhathi ekuphileni we platelet, futhi sishintsha kuphela lemali yegazi labo. Ngakho, ekususweni yayo ubende, ingqondo siphezulu. Kodwa nge splenomegaly (kweNdikimba umzimba), la mangqamuzana amancane ukuhambisa ngokusebenzisa ke kancane. Lokhu kuholela ekuncipheni okukhulu hlangana nenani labo egazini.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinqubo zibandakanyeke ekwakheni kabusha semithambo, nilimaza ezicutshini futhi igazi coagulation kuphela encane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-platelet. Enye afele umnkantsha, ubende kanye isibindi ngaphansi kwethonya macrophage.