Yini odinga ukukwazi ukuze udale iwebhusayithi

Yini odinga ukukwazi ukuze udale iwebhusayithi
Umbhali: Biktimirov Nail

Kuze kube manje, eziningi zifiki uyazibuza ukuthi yini wena okudingeka ukwazi ukudala website yakho siqu wena uqhubeke nokudala kwamanye amasayithi NGAMAFUPHI ingcweti kulo mkhakha, onguchwepheshe emkhakheni inthanethi ubuchwepheshe. Yiqiniso, konke ngesikhathi esisodwa esibhakabhakeni ekhanda angawi, it is, ngasendleleni, ngisho kangcono, akube yilowo nalowo ngokwakhe esivela ezulwini ukuthi kudingeka ngempela kunase konke musa get lingafunyanwa, valilos isezulwini ekhanda. Yebo, ihlaya Kwahlaluka ukuthi kubalulekile. Kodwa-ke akukho mayelana amahlaya okukhulunywa nokuthi odinga ukukwazi ukudala amawebhusayithi.

Kulesi sihloko I uzokutshela ngokuningiliziwe ngalokhu. Yebo, abantu abaningi icala ngalokho yini mina embula imfihlo, ngoba program abaningi abangochwepheshe ukudala amawebhusayithi, bayothi - kungani uvula wonke amakhadi Wabasaqalayo, mabahambe, eqoqa konke izimbobo endleleni yayo, njengoba kwakunjalo ngaphambili thina. Kodwa kungani, futhi lokho inkinga enkulu, wena uthini na? Futhi ngenxa yokuthi wonke umuntu ufuna ukuba ezifunwayo ensimini yabo futhi ngamunye, kulesi simo umbuzo uwukuthi mayelana program professional abasungula amasayithi yokufihla iqiniso, uzama ukudala kwenkungu phambi ungumsebenzi omusha ube nalesi lisha sinyamalale Isifiso sokuzenzela amawebhusayithi kanye ukufunda konke evumela lobu buchwepheshe. Ngathi kwaba ukufunda, hhayi ukufundisa noma kuminyana sibi ngoba izinhlelo - akusiyo zubreshka, lokhu lokusungula kanye nobuchule akuyona ukufunda, it is wafunda.

Kwasukasukela nami nganginephutha zobugovu ngakho, kodwa ukuphila kwami kwashintsha kakhulu, ukubukeka okusha izinto ezindala. Isiphetho sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu, okuyinto mina ukubuqonda e izakhiwo, wayenjalo - akubona bonke abantu ukudala amawebhusayithi, ninekhono emsebenzini wabo. Yebo zingabantu program, kodwa hhayi ochwepheshe. Ukuze akuzona zonke uMklami professional. Abaningi ukudala sites wentele kutijabulisa, kutfola othile nibhekabheka ulimi lwemibhalo yewebhu, isiqala ukudala sites ngenkathi kholwa ukuthi iyinkosi kule ndawo. Ngakho-ke kunzima ukuhlukanisa kuchwepheshe uMklami uMklami, kodwa lokho kumane nje ngamagama kodwa empeleni konke abaphila ngayo ihluke ngokuphelele.

Case zokuphila. Sasiphakathi ehhovisi lapho thina waqoqa abasebenzi kule entsha nje, uvele wavula igatsha ku Ufa esizeni, kwafika insizwa. Wayefuna ukunikela angenele ukhetho yakhe njengoba uhlelo abakhulu, bephawula lokuthi wathola iziqu. Yebo, le ndoda kwakudingeka uqweqwe, nawo wonke amanye amadokhumenti babekhona nabo ukuze. Futhi lapho ngimbuza ukuthi yini izilimi lapho izinhlelo kwaqala kimi ukuze uthumele cishe wonke isichazamazwi Dahl. It kuvela ukuthi idala amasayithi ngezilimi: i-HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, Perl, waze wamazi, kodwa wayazi ActionScript, DHTML, ngisho ambalwa kwezilimi ngokudala amawebhusayithi, bese isimiso futhi ngokudala amawebhusayithi waya okubaliwe. Futhi konke lokhu emsebenzini. Hawu, mina wakloloda walithinta umlingani, nansi uzimele. Lo muntu lonke abasebenzi ukusishintsha, ukuze mina ngokwami kusho!

Ukuze ungabacasuli abantu, ngambuza kuphothifoliyo, kodwa wamletha, kodwa lapho sibeka flash-drive kukhompyutha, kwaba ukuthula. Kwakuyisikhathi idokhumenti lesilula kolimi olulula-HTML, sasibhekisela indawo yakhe, kodwa akukho wobuciko kwemvelo, okuyinto thina kulindeleke kuchwepheshe emazwini akhe, akazange. Empeleni Angazi ngempela sinake iphothifoliyo, kodwa bheka kuya kuye, ngakho sishintshele isivivinyo. Bambalwa abantu bakholwe, kodwa le ndoda angazanga imisebenzi ngisho okuyisisekelo PHP nakumathegi eyisisekelo ku-HTML. Ngeshwa, noma mhlawumbe ngenhlanhla, kodwa akudingeki ukuba basebenze, kabavumelanga ngokudalwa amawebhusayithi.

Yini elandelayo lapha? Yebo, le nsizwa ingase ibe ithalente okunye, kodwa hhayi ubakhulise, balahlekile. Yazi konke futhi lutho ngesikhathi esifanayo, yilapho iphutha main. Uma uqala ukufunda ezinye ulimi lokwakha kubalulekile ukufunda kuzo zonke izinhlangothi futhi ngangokunokwenzeka ukubhala ukudala amawebhusayithi kuso. Yilokho lapho sithole isizinda engqondweni yakho, futhi ngonyaka abazange bamkhohlwe futhi ukulungiselela umhlabathi umbono we ezinye izilimi.

Labo abalifunda lesi sibonelo wokuphila, cishe wazakhela uhla ethile ukuze iphothifoliyo yayo, kodwa mina ngithi kini, basebenzele ize. Ungabi namahloni iphothifoliyo yakho, ngoba okokuqala, abaqashi abawubheki kuye kodwa ngezinye umugqa ezithile, okuyinto ekhona umsebenzi ngamunye okungenani kanye kwenziwa inkampani yethu. Lokhu ngenhlanhla ehlangene kwengqondo.

Kuwo wonke umphakathi, kanye nomphakathi kuba inkampani ungeze imithetho yabo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lenzani futhi yini imisebenzi yayo. Esimweni sethu inkampani esizeni, okusho ikakhulukazi ukusebenza izilimi izinhlelo, futhi siphinde sibe imithetho yabo ngokubhala amawebhusayithi. Program usebenza kuthimba ngakhoke kubalulekile ukuba banamathele ukuba isisebenzi ngasinye wakwazi ngokushesha ukufunda ikhodi futhi baqonde essence yayo. Kepha akusimina kodwa enze noma yimuphi umsebenzi omusha wazi yonke imithetho ngesikhathi esisodwa, sinikezwa isikhathi probationary.

Mhlawumbe abaningi you sebenzisa be, futhi mhlawumbe manje, kholwani ukuthi ungakha website ngosizo izicelo. Futhi musa ukutshala kule kungekho izindleko engokwengqondo, engokomzimba noma impahla. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, sengikhathele ukukhuluma ngawo wonke, ukudalwa amasayithi software owenza ngenye usulu konke. Njengoba abantu abaqapheli ukuthi lena inguqulo ejwayelekile, akusiyo usetha iwebhusayithi, umthuthukisi of isicelo sakho kudala yona. Wake wambona ikhodi site, okuyinto kugcinwa lolu hlelo efanayo? Kuyinto elesabekayo. Lapho program ukudala amawebhusayithi professional, bona ikhumbule zonke, kungumsebenzi wabo. Ngisho ukubala isikhathi umthwalo idokhumenti kukhompyutha yakho, sakhela phezu yakho ijubane inthanethi, kodwa ngoba uhlale ezahlukene. Futhi nakhu lapho agxumele eyodwa isisindo ikhasi ungamakhilobhayithi 300, hhayi othwala ulwazi oluyigugu.

Ububi yesibili uma udala amawebhusayithi zokusebenza kuyinto ndlela isimiso. Isifanekiso akuyona ezingemnandi ngabantu bangaphandle kuphela, kodwa futhi ziyingozi. Ngokuqinisekile, njengoba umsunguli isayithi, is kokuphazamisa ukubona indawo yesibili ukubukeka efanayo, okungukuthi, umklamo, futhi kukhona kumasayithi e-internethi uNabali imibono yabo. Uhlelo lokudala amawebhusayithi ayidaliwe kuphela umuntu oyedwa, uklanyelwe izihlwele zabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka izinhlelo ezinjalo kudalwa amasayithi usike ngu-95%.

Nge inhlupheko esikuyona sasisuke, ake sithi wena yagwinya lokhu enkingeni futhi besula yokuthi kusayithi lakho akuyona eyokuqala nge look, hhayi zokugcina. Khona-ke, esikhundleni yesibili ukuphepha umthombo Inthanethi oyakhile. Iqiniso lokuthi izinhlelo ezinjalo zifakwa izicelo ngomumo sina ukuthi izoqhubeka nokusebenza kuwebhusayithi yakho ibukeka hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokucubungula noma yisiphi ulwazi, isibonelo ukuthumela imeyili kusukela kusayithi lakho. Uma kuziwa izicelo ezibalulekile ezinjengalezi, khona-ke akugcini nje ehlaselwe isiphequluli yomsebenzisi, kodwa futhi iseva lapho iwebhusayithi yakho, ngamanye amagama, ukuthi sisebenza inkinga engathí sina okungaphezu nje ngokuthumela idokhumenti.

Iseva ayithumeli lamakhodi zibaluleke kangaka, ukuze noma ubani, okungukuthi, ukuthi sisebenza nabo, udlulisa yi umsebenzisi, ngokulandelana, ikhodi yomthombo bangabona umlawuli indawo kuphela. Cabanga isimo lapho hacker atholakala uhlelo ngawo wadala indawo yakho, akunzima, futhi wakuthola yathola ikhodi yomthombo isicelo sakho. Cabanga ukuthi isayithi yakho ibe sengozini, futhi uye lihuduleke hhayi kuphela indawo kodwa futhi lonke iseva. Yingakho kubaluleke kangaka ukuba umuntu ngokuya Yakha amasayithi.

Vele hlelo ngoba ukudalwa amasayithi ezilotshwe idokhumenti ingeyona eziningi ulwazi oludingekayo, kuhlanganise ukwaziswa enjalo izixhumanisi ezifihliwe ngokujulile kwezinye izinsiza. Ngakho, unjiniyela hlelo, koSanta usizo lwakho, ngaphandle kwemvume yakho, osebenzisa umkhiqizo wakho ku-intanethi. Ngangihlale ngokumelene izinhlelo ezinjalo bese uzama ukubhala ikhodi yakho siqu futhi imiklamo ukuthi ukuncoma. Ekhuluma ohlelweni ukudala amawebhusayithi, Angikhulumi ngani ukuba Photoshop noma Flash-ubuchwepheshe, kuba omunye hlelo, ngeke akwenze ngaphandle, futhi ngazo kungenye indaba.

Ngakho yini odinga ukukwazi ukwakha website? Udinga ukwazi izinhlelo, ekuqaleni kungase kubonakale kunzima, ingase wacabanga ukuthi ngeke ukwazi kahle. Kodwa, into esemqoka ukuba baqonde ukuthi ubuchwepheshe isofthiwe ngikudalile abantu abanjengami nawe. Lapho ngiqala ukwenza lo, Nami kube nokungaboni ngaso linye, futhi ingqondo yami akuvunyelwe. Esikoleni ngineminyaka engu ithambekele kakhudlwana kolimi kuka-mathematics, lapho, njengoba umthetho, wabeka esizayo. Kodwa noma kunjalo ngaqhubeka wayazi ke, ukuphikelela angizange ahluleka kuyo, futhi cishe ngeke akuvumele phansi ngeke wena, futhi uqala ukudala sites.

Into yokuqala ngitusa ukwazi ulimi lwemibhalo yewebhu, is-HTML (Eight-Ukuhlonishwa-koqweqwe lwawo). Akuve elula futhi akwazi ukuhlula kwakhe ngeviki, noma ngisho ngaphansi, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi osichitha ngemuva qapha. Ngikholwa ukuthi ngaphandle lolo limi ngeke kube ngaso sonke Internet ngoba alukho olunye ulimi akanawo izindawo uxhumano, ngaphandle okuyinto akunakwenzeka ukwakha website. Ungafunda zokuqeqesha Allenova UNatalia, enendawo Incwadi enhle mayelana HTML, okuyinto Ngifundile kwelinye umoya, I batusa it ukucinga inthanethi. Uma sifunde lolu limi emangalisayo ukudala amawebhusayithi, uzodinga ukuzijayeza, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ukuhlanganisa ilwazi yabo. Dala hhayi ikhasi sakho esikhulu.

Njengoba ungase kakade ukuqala nomunye CSS ulimi (B ss noma c-ss). La magama amabili kungenzeka yini ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo, ngolimi yomdwebo, ukuze zazi ngeke kube nzima kakhulu kuwe. Yilokho kuziwa CSS, mina ngeke cishe ngeke ukwazi ukukutshela izincwadi, ngoba angizange abe impahla ethize nokuqeqeshwa kwami ukufunda kusuka emithonjeni obala kuyi-Internet. Ngaphandle CSS manje awusakwazi ukwenza noma isisetshenziswa ku-intanethi, ngakho-ke nokho, kuvamile, kanye ne-HTML. Ungathola kalula isifundo ku-intanethi. Lezi zilimi ezimbili uvalwe exhumene nomunye, ngamanye amazwi, benza umphelelisi nomunye. Uma ukuwasebenzisa kahle wena singaniketwa bafundzi indondo ngoba efanelwe it, futhi wenza isinyathelo sokuqala yekwakha amasayithi.

Isinyathelo sesibili kudalwa amasayithi esibi nakakhulu, kukhona kakade izinkomba ezimbili, ulimi ezimbili izinhlelo ngokudala amawebhusayithi-JavaScript (i-JavaScript) kanye PHP (ETP Pee-wee noma wee-el-pee). Futhi efana nomunye, kodwa okwamanje abahluke futhi kufanele ukhethe noma iyiphi enye yazo. Kodwa ukuze linqume ukuthi kuyoba kuqala ngawe, futhi yini isidingo yesibili sihlole kafushane ukuthi amakhono abo. Abaningi bathi kungcono wokwazi PHP, futhi ngicabanga ngakho futhi, ngoba eduze kimi kuka-JavaScript. Kodwa namanje, ungeyena kimi, futhi ukuze ube indlela yakho, cishe ngokucace nakakhulu kunaye.

Ngakho, PHP. Kuyinto ulimi lokwakha ukuthi ngeke nje iqalise kukhompyutha yakho, ukuze angabe efanelwe isiphequluli ngeke kwanele. Ngaye, kudingeka server. Uyini server? Cishe kukhompyutha eyodwa lapho uhleli khona manje, kodwa ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho iye iseva real, kubalulekile ukufaka isofthiwe edingekayo. Le software imahhala futhi ungakwazi uyithole kwi-inthanethi. Kodwa, ngingathanda ukukuxwayisa lapho ngineminyaka endaweni yakho, futhi wazama ukwenza iseva i-computer yakhe, khona-ke mina angazanga abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi ungalungiselela ke, Bengingekho program ajwayelekile ngimsize. Kulapho Ngilahlekelwe izinyanga ezintathu, yebo, ngisho ngazama ukufaka isizini. Uma, kwi-inthanethi ngazithela manual, umlobi wawo wawuvame ukuba yi-ngogesi. Lapha Kwadingeka kumnandi, kodwa manje Bengilokhu ukwenza lokhu imizuzu embalwa. Thola leli bhukwana ku-intanethi, lapho yonke imininingwane ngalokho ukulanda nendlela ukufaka.

Njengoba izincwadi, ngiyakwazi batusa material ezinhle kakhulu zokufundisa, umlobi zazo Kucharczyk, ngokuthi izibonelo PHP. Lena neze Umhlahlandlela ephelele, kodwa kukhona umehluko eziyisisekelo Wabasaqalayo futhi zonke. Elokuqala yincwadi ethi kubonakala eyisicefe, umlobi ukhuluma isisekelo ikhompyutha uMklami noma ezintweni ezikwenza unethezeke. Kukhona namanje Izinto mayelana nokusetha iseva, kodwa angizange esiphethweni, ngasiza kule ngogesi inhlukano dastardly. Angazi ukweluleka wena ekuhlukaniseni ncwadi ngokwengxenye, wayifunda egcwele, futhi ngeke uzisole. Vele bafuna ukuxwayisa ukuthi leli bhuku kancane yisikhathi futhi okwamanje akusiyo ephelele, kunezindlela eziningi ivinjelwe, kodwa akunjalo, futhi lokho kusobala kakhulu ezibhaliwe futhi kukhona imiqondo eyisisekelo, wazi ukuthi uzokwazi ukuba athola ulwazi olusha kusuka ku-intanethi.

Manje ake sihlole i-JavaScript. Lokhu kubuye ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo, kodwa inezici eziningi ngaphansi kuqhathaniswa PHP. Akudingi noma iyiphi isofthiwe futhi isidingo sakhe ukwazi izincwadi nje, leso siphequluli ngama-okuyinto wena ulwazi HTML futhi CSS. Ngoba wena, ngingathanda okuchaza. Kuyinto ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo esetshenziswa ngeso lengqondo indawo, okusho ukuthi ungenza Amakhasi interactive okuningi, konke elintantayo kusayithi eshiya imenyu, isibonelo, nokunye okuningi. Iwebhusayithi iba uyaphila. Ngokuphathelene izincwadi kuyi-Internet-ke eziningi, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi nawe kalula uthole lokho okudingayo.

Manje sesingasho ukuthi siqiniseka azihlangani Imininingwane. Lapho edala indawo ngezilimi oyisibopho kukhona HTML futhi CSS. Ukuze indawo baba eziphilayo, isidingo interactive ukuze ungeze i-JavaScript. Uma ufuna ukwakha indawo sina, okungukuthi, engeza impendulo, baxoxe, isithangami noma ukubhaliswa kuyadingeka ukuze babe nolwazi PHP-Unicode. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, e PHP, ungakwazi ukwengeza ubuchwepheshe eyodwa ngaphezulu - iyona semininingwane, ezifana MySQL (Mu-esikoleni). Nakuba database bangasebenza yiluphi ulimi iseva eseceleni, okungukuthi, isistimu ezimele, kodwa ngokuya isetshenziswa lihambisana PHP.

I database uyakwazi ukugcina amarekhodi million yize yokubhala kanye nekufundza musa ukushintsha. yolwazi eminingi, lo esivame kakhulu MySQL. Isebenzisa imibuzo SQL ubuchwepheshe, ngamanye amazwi, SQL - kuba ulimi ehlukile. Kodwa mina ngithi kini, uma ukwazi PHP, MySQL ke uzonikwa kalula ngokwanele, ngoba PHP isivele ine imisebenzi ukufunda, ukubhala, dala, susa, nokunye.

ukuthuthukiswa Web akugcini lapha, kuphela lokho enikufundayo nenikuqonda ngenhla nje base, kunezindlela eziningi izilimi izinhlelo ezifana Perl, Java, VBScript, Firebird, Linter, Oracle, MongoDB ... Futhi ngaphezu kwabo kukhona nobunye ubuchwepheshe, isibonelo, umsebenzi ihluzo (Photoshop) noma ukudalwa izithombe (i-Flash) ku izithombe kungenye gatsha ActionScript ulimi lokwakha (Action-isikripthi), ngosizo lwakhe kuyoba lula ukudala i izithombe. Java, i-JavaScript kanye ActionScript zifana kakhulu komunye nomunye, ngoba isimiso iyunifomu, ngamanye amazwi, banayo impande efanayo.

Ngithanda ukusho ukuthi ukwazi konke okungenhla akukwazi ezingeni okhokhelwayo. Kumele athuthukile ke ensimini yakhe. Uma une PHP-Unicode odinga ukukwazi ukubona i-HTML, CSS, PHP and MySQL. Uma isakhiwo odinga ukukwazi ukubona i-HTML, CSS kanye ne-JavaScript. Nokho, uma ungumuntu dazayner web-ke, kusobala, udinga ukuba ngumnikazi we-HTML, CSS ne-Photoshop. Animation idinga ukwazi Photoshop, Flash, futhi ActionScript.

Lapho ihhovisi lethu KAINS.RU inkampani kuza umsebenzi omusha, sifuna kuyo oluqondile emkhakheni yokudala amawebhusayithi kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza Inthanethi akwenzekanga lokho ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko. Ngazi konke futhi lutho ngesikhathi esifanayo. Funda, ngoba Inthanethi iyithuluzi ongaletha kokubili inzuzo kanye nokulimala. Inhlanhla kuwe!

Disemba 2011

Lapho reprinting lesi sihloko oxhumano ngqo www.kains.ru site - ukudalwa amasayithi e Bashkiria, liyadingeka.