Vincenzo Bellini, umqambi Italy: Biography, lokusungula

Vincenzo Bellini - the continuer ekhazimulayo bel canto opera isiko - waphila ukuphila isikhathi esifushane kodwa beyithela khulu lapho. Washiya imisebenzi 11 ezinkulu, ukushaya Ihubo yayo nokuzwana. "Norma" opera ayilobayo sengineminyaka engu-30, manje ungena 10 imisebenzi phezulu ethandwa kakhulu-classic.

ebuntwaneni

Bellini umndeni izizukulwane eziningana kuye kwahlotshaniswa umculo. Umkhulu ikusasa nezwe odumile opera umbhali, Vincenzo Tobio, kwaba umqambi futhi organist, uyise Rosario sika - umholi futhi umqambi yesonto, wanika izifundo umculo emikhayeni ahlukile we Sicilia Catania. Vincenzo Bellini wazalwa ngo Novemba 3, 1801. Kakade zisencane eqala ukubonisa ikhono zomculo. I omkhaya wakhe wawungekho abacebile ngokukhethekile, kodwa lapha yayibuswa uthando futhi lokusungula.

kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo

Kakade ne eminyakeni emihlanu Vincenzo Bellini aqala ukufunda ukudlala upiyano, umeluleki wakhe kwakungumkhulu wami. Ngezinye iminyaka eyisikhombisa ubudala wabhala umsebenzi wakhe siqu - ingoma Tantum ERGO. Kodwa lona isikole umculo kwakungenakwenzeka, Ngakho-ke, iminyaka engu-14, waqhubeka ukusebenza kumkhulu wakhe. Ngu kulonyaka, Vincenzo kakade kwaba udumo wendawo.

Isiphelo sakhe waba nesithakazelo Eleonora Duchess Sammartino, eye waqinisekisa ukuthi le nsizwa wanikezwa umfundaze kuya Naples Conservatory, kwathi ngo-June 1819 insizwa wangeniswa onyakeni wokuqala. Ngemva konyaka, wayengasekho ukuhlolwa Lesisemkhatsini, okuyinto onqumayo ukuthi obani abazohlala ukuqhubeka nezifundo zabo, futhi ubani - akukho. Vincenzo akuzange nje dengwane wezemfundo, kodwa futhi idluliselwe imfundo yamahhala, owamsiza ukukhulula izimali komuzi, kusita umndeni wayo futhi ufunde sibonga xaxa ithalente lakhe.

I Bellini Conservatory befundela Dzingarelli umfundisi ovelele ngubani yayiqine kakhulu nabafana futhi njalo wameluleka ukubhekana umculo. Phakathi neminyaka izifundo zakhe, wenza umfundi ubhale ukuqeqeshwa 400 indlebe. Esikhathini somculo Bellini ihlangana ikusasa umngane wakhe omkhulu futhi umbhali wemilando yokuphila kwabantu esizayo Mercadante - Florimo. Kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo iye yaba nethonya elikhulu ku le nsizwa, bese kwakheka isitayela sakhe sokuqala zomculo. Ngo-1824, insizwa ethile futhi lolungenamaphutsa imele ukuhlolwa olandelayo. Umvuzo salokhu kwakungekhona kuthuthukiswe izimo zokuphila, kodwa futhi ithuba lokuya opera kabili ngesonto.

Phakathi nezifundo zakhe waqale wezwa of the opera Italy, okuyinto ngayo kwakuhlala isikhathi eside phezu kwakhe. Ngemva kokulalela "Semiramide" by Rossini walahlekelwa kafushane ukholo amakhono abo, kodwa ngokushesha wawubangelwa wathatha umsebenzi eyandulela enkulu njengoba inselele. Waqala ukusebenza ku opera yakhe yokuqala, "Adelson futhi Salvini" French Arnaud inoveli. Ngo-1825 kwathiwa okuhleliwe abafundi kwadingeka ngempela impumelelo enkulu. Ngizwa lokhu opera ka Donizetti futhi wenza umkhiqizo futhi umlobi wayo baziswa kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa yokugcina somculo Bellini Rents, njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi, kakhulu futhi njengoba umvuzo uthola ukubhala umdlalo we-opera ngoba inkontileka yaseshashalazini.

Yilo umyalo wokuqala

Njengoba sekudlule ukuhlolwa kokugcina, Bellini ithola imvume ukufundisa, futhi umklomelo kuye ithuba lokubhala umdlalo we-opera ngokuba Royal Theatre. Yena wanikezwa inkululeko yokuzikhethela, futhi wayeka ku embhalweni umbhali abasha Domenico Gilardoni "Carlo, uMbusi Agrigento", okwadala Libretto "Bianca futhi Dzhernando". opera Italy ngaleso sikhathi kwaba umbukwane imfashini kakhulu kwesizini mayelana umhlaba wonke. Izilaleli ngempela sakhe esiningi, futhi kwakungelula ukujabulisa, kodwa kudlalwé opera Bellini sika kwamukelwa ngesasasa. yaseshashalazini "San Carlo", kudlalwé opera yakhe-May 30, 1826, futhi ngisho nenkosi uqobo, kuphambene nesiko, yena wasukuma futhi washaya kumbhali. Dzingarelli wagcwala siyaziqhenya umfundi wakhe futhi wabikezela ikusasa kakhulu kuye.

I- "Pirate"

Impumelelo umqambi abasha uye walungiselela i-oda entsha. Umphathi we Theatre Royal inikeza Vincenzo bhala opera ngokuba Milan "iScala". Kokuqamba umculo kuba Bellini kuphela kuwumthombo wemali khona, uyaphila eMilan usebenzela yomculo we-opera entsha, okuyinto ngabomvu izilaleli. Kule project siye athuthukile umqambi Ngohlelo futhi librettist Felice Romani, eyathatha kuze kube sekupheleni endleleni umculi zokudala sika. I "Pirates" u wabonisa isitayela esiyingqayizivele Vincenzo Bellini, Arias yayo futhi usho namanothi kakhulu, kanti abadlali musa nje ukucula futhi adlulisele umqondo uhlamvu. Okthoba 27, 1827 Milan eyinkimbinkimbi izilaleli ihlombe debutant ukhishwa. Ngoba wonke umbukiso esilandelayo wathengiswa futhi ubiza umlobi. Konke lokhu wanika amaphiko umqambi.

"Isihambi"

Ngemva konyaka owodwa impumelelo "Pirates" Theatre "iScala" uyala opera amasha nge Bellini. Njengoba isizathu kwezincwadi umqambi isebenzisa Arlenkura inoveli. icebo layo ilungele bel canto opera. Milan izilaleli lalibheke phambili kwesizini yomsebenzi omusha usuvele umqambi othandekayo. Ngo-1829, i-opera wethulwa izilaleli. It ngokugcwele wakufeza lokho okwakulindelwe futhi yabonisa okuyinhloko ovuthiwe. Impumelelo wawumkhulu. Ngo "Isihambi" Bellini uvele eziningi izici isitayela layo eliyingqayizivele owethulwa izinqumo eziningana yokuqala yomculo. Barcarolle kwaba isinqumo ukuphayona esiteji, okuyinto washaqeka ababukeli.

"La Sonnambula"

Ngo-1831 esiteji yeMilan yaseshashalazini "Carcano" kukhona umkhiqizo omusha we Belin - "La Sonnambula". Kudlalwé kwakuwukunqoba. Master ngokuqiniseka sebenzisa amasu abo amasha umculo esiteji izixazululo. Ngo "La Sonnambula," eqhubeka sihloko esithandayo - imizwelo futhi izinkanuko. Abagxeki kule opera egcwele injabulo, basuke kabanzi elithi "ubuciko" Encoma umsebenzi umqambi. "La Sonnambula" sibonisa ubuqotho obunobunye okunengqondo ukuthuthukiswa ngesakhiwo kanye melody emnene. Waba samuntu yomculo we-opera entsha canto bel.

"Norma"

Futhi ngo-1831 kwaba khona "Norma" opera, Bellini akhazinyuliswe. Nokho, abantu besikhathi walithatha pretty cool. Kuphela cavatina adumile "Casta Diva" kwamukelwa ihlombe. Kulesi umsebenzi umqambi ihlanganise yonke intuthuko engcono amasu. Kuyinto umsebenzi umculi ovuthiwe. aria Main "Casta Diva" namanje enye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu soprano izindima emhlabeni. Naphezu ababuthakathaka kwesizini impumelelo, opera eshisiwe elindelwe. Ngemva hits ambalwa Milanese umphakathi ukuba lungadambisa ubulungisa abantu nokubabonisa isihe zashaya ihlombe womculo. "Norma" Vinchentso Bellini kuyinto Classic baqaphela isiko emhlabeni, ke ingenye opera njalo lwenziwa kakhulu. Kuyo, wakwazi ukufeza ngokuvumelana ngokuphelele umculo indaba.

"Ngokuvamile, amaPuritan"

Vincenzo Bellini, ogama biography buhlobene eduze umsebenzi kwakhe konke wahlala kanye lemisebenzi yakhe, ngalinye elikwazi kwaba igxathu elinqunyiwe ngaye. opera wakhe wokugcina - "amaPuritan" - hhayi imicabango kombhali njengoba umkhiqizo wokugcina career. umthombo Literary ngokuba Libretto kwaba inoveli by uSir Walter Scott. It yaqala ukubukiswa ngo-January 25, 1835 e-Paris, futhi kuye kwaba isenzakalo esibalulekile empilweni yamasiko ye-French. Impumelelo wawumningi ngakho, ukuthi Bellini wanikwa izilaleli nomndeni wasebukhosini futhi waklonyeliswa iButho Ukuhlonishwa.

ifa operatic

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe umqambi wabhala 11 opera, akuwona wonke zaphumelela. Ngakho, "Zaire" by W. Scott akuphumelelanga ikakhulukazi. Lokhu olubangelwa esifushane kakhulu isikhathi esabelwe umsebenzi, ngokushushiswa nangobunzima ne Libretto. A liyobhekana nesiphetho esifana elindelwe kanye opera "Beatrice di Trend" nosizi K. Fores. opera Basic Vinchentso Bellini "Norma", "Isihambi", "Somnambulist", "AmaPuritan" - kuze kube manje impumelelo hamba yeshashalazi ezahlukene zomhlaba. igama umqambi sika belingana enjalo amaNtaliyane enkulu njengoba Rossini futhi Donizetti. A Casta Diva Vinchentso Bellini kwaba uvivinyo lwangempela ngoba bonke abahlabeleli zomhlaba. Lokhu test is run kuphela umculi engcono. Umculi odumile kakhulu indima namaZinga kwaba UMaria Callas, wenza inamba yakhe irekhodi izikhathi - 89. Modern opera inkanyezi Montserrat Caballe futhi Anna Netrebko njengoba vocals yakhe kukhanye lo msebenzi.

Isitayela zomculo Vincenzo Bellini

Umqambi Ufake umlando umculo njengoba inkosi elikhulu Italian canto bel. Umsebenzi wakhe is zihlukaniswa Ihubo ezijabulisayo, iphawula Neapolitan futhi Sicilia Folk songs. emisha yakhe babonisa melodizing recitatives. Phambi kwakhe, kungabikho muntu ozisebenzisayo. Wafuna silinganise ngokoqobo izenzakalo besho, kusho i Ihubo kanye nemizwa ejulile abalingiswa. Umsebenzi wakhe kuthonywa bomculo ezifana Chopin noWagner.

yobumfihlo

Vincenzo Bellini waphila ukuphila esifushane, kodwa kwaba matasa kakhulu. Uye wasebenza kanzima kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho, Amanani aria yena rewrote izikhathi eziyisithupha, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze siphile ukuphila okwanelisayo. Nakuba umfundi e-Naples Vincenzo namanje waqala lithandana indodakazi omunye wothisha umculo kolishi, wayezimisele ishade nentombazane ngisho, kodwa abazali bakhe ngokumelene nalo. Nakuba kamuva bashintsha izingqondo zabo, umshado akazange athathe indawo. Udumo elikhulayo umqambi wenza ezikhangayo kakhulu kwabesifazane. Yena udumo inani elikhulu amanoveli ngawo ngokuthi waphefumulelwa ukuba ukudala. Ngo 1828, wahlangana nowesifazane oshadile Giuditta eTurin. I romance phakathi kwawo kokuzidela eyathatha iminyaka emihlanu, kwaba indaba egcwele izinyembezi, idrama, umhawu, ngisho amahlazo. Kamuva angasiqamba athini le esihogweni ubuhlobo.

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, Bellini uye wasebenza Milan, Venice, nase-Paris, London. Ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe okudala ayihlala Milan. City wamnika konke: uthando, udumo nengcebo. Eminyakeni emibili edlule wayehlala Paris, uzama ukunqoba umphakathi French. Phakathi nokuphila umqambi ubenamanxeba amaningi abashisekeli esiphakeme, aba nesandla ekuthuthukeni kwalo umsebenzi wakhe.

Umsebenzi onzima uye wakwenza impilo umqambi. Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo 1835 ehlupheka okuningi futhi 22 Septhemba ukufa ukuvuvukala emathunjini. It ekuqaleni wangcwatshwa e-Paris, kodwa kamuva wathuthela Sicily umlotha.