Uyini ukulimala lokuzalwa?

Ukuzalwa ukulimala - iyisifo eziyinkimbinkimbi (noma kunalokho ukulimala) ukuthi kungenzeka ingane ezelwe ngesikhathi ekhulelwe noma ngesikhathi nje zabasebenzi ngokwabo.

IsiZulu ukuhlukanisa ukulimala hypoxic (ezihlobene nokuntula umoya-mpilo) kanye lokukhanda.

ukulimala Hypoxic we izilonda umgogodla ethulwa, ingqondo noma viscera ezingavela ngenxa hypoxia neonate noma umbungu.

Mechanical lokuzalwa ukuhlukumezeka:
- isimila ejwayelekile;
- ukulimala kwenzwa;
- ukopha izicubu imisipha;
- imigqa ephezulu nephansi;

- cephalohematoma.

Ingabe Zikhona Izimo Ezenza ungalokothi uphuze bazalwe ukulimala:
- prematurity;
- izithelo ongaphakeme noma likhulu kakhulu isisindo;
- Ibambezelekile noma umshikashika lezivakashi;
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, esebenzisa kudala ingozi eliphezulu lokuzalwa ukuhlukumezeka.

Empeleni, lokhu kuhlukunyezwa lokuzalwa akuyona ukuthi ezinye, njengoba umphumela ongenakugwenywa yenqubo ejwayelekile. Okungukuthi, kuba khona esimweni ngasinye, kungabikho ukuzala, umehluko kuphela ngokwezinga layo. kwakhiwa ukulimala inzalo ngumuntu nokuxhumana mechanical umbungu kanye nonina. Kwezinye izimo, le nqubo oyenza zokuzivikela futhi eguquguqukayo amandla ingane, nabanye (i ukukhathala amabutho compensatory) isandla ekunciphiseni lithathelwe ingane.

Ukubonakaliswa njalo iningi ukuhlukumezeka - lokuzalwa ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda. Ukwabela elandelayo ukulimala ekhanda: isimila ejwayelekile futhi cephalohematoma.

Ukuvuvukala ku sezinwele akulutho like ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile ikhanda abaletha emgudwini wokuzala abesifazane. Kwakheka ngenxa ezithambile izicubu kokucindezelwa we ukuminyana emithambo yegazi ngokuvamile nokopha petechial ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ngokuvamile lolu hlobo sokuzalwa ukulimala kwenzeka nakomama nulliparous ngesikhathi dlitelnotekuschih bebeletha, kanye ezinkulu, isihlobo ukuba emgudwini wokuzala, i-fetus. Imiphumela kunyamalale esikhathini esingaphansi kwesonto.

Ukopha ngaphansi periosteum amathambo skull - cephalohematoma eba ngenxa displacement kwesikhumba kuya periosteum ngesikhathi ukudlula i-fetus ngokusebenzisa emgudwini wokuzala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ngaphakathi kuqala izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu ngemuva kokubeletha) hematoma aqoqana igazi, okuholela isimila anda.

Uma sikhuluma ukopha phakathi kwezicubu imisipha, avame kwenzeka imisipha sternoclavicular. Esikhundleni ukwakha isimila ukopha (amasonto 1-2 emva kokuzalwa). Ngemva kwalokho ukopha ikhanda kuboniswe esitshekile maqondana ingane egulayo (torticollis), lapho kwesilevu nenshisekelo ukuze uhlangothi.

Ngokuphathelene kwamathambo, okuvame kakhulu umkhuba azoya kukhona ophukayo we clavicle. Ukwa kwenzeka ngenxa zokugula njengoba lokuzalwa uqobo, futhi ukuhlinzekwa kosizo azoya.

Ekhuluma ukulimala kwenzwa kufanele kuphawulwe eliphezulu legciwane ukulimala emsipheni ebusweni. Futhi ngokuvamile atholakala povrrezhdenie plexus brachial.

I esiyingozi kakhulu lokuzalwa ukulimala - intracranial lokuzalwa ukuhlukumezeka. Ingozi kulokhu itholakala lokuthi wokuthi inhlekelele kubangela ukulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa ubuchopho edema noma ukopha. Kukhona degrees ezintathu kobukhulu intracranial lokuzalwa ukuhlukumezeka: ukukhanya, aphakathi nendawo kanye ezisindayo. Isisindo imikhondo kancane kancane ngezinga ekwakhekeni zokugula eziphikelelayo isimiso sezinzwa (kokubili emaphakathi kanye neuropathy). Isigaba acute libhekene excitation we isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko ngayo lapho usana, libhekene ukungahlaliseki, Ukudlikizela, ukukhala, ukuqwasha, eliqhaqhazelayo yezingalo nemilenze ingane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona ukucindezelwa ikhaliphe, ukugwinya kanye oncelayo. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka olandelayo excitation esikhundleni isimo ukucobeka kanye ukwehla imisipha ithoni, ngane ikhala uba ntekenteke, isikhumba ugodo, umntwana ukuwozela kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kukhona ukuhlaselwa yansukuzonke ye Ukuphelelwa.

Ngakho, lokhu kuhlukunyezwa lokuzalwa - njalo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, inkinga enkulu, okuholela emiphumeleni engathí sina.