Ustyug Omkhulu. Izikhangibavakashi, okuyizinto injabulo

Elinye lamadolobha amadala kakhulu Russian North kubhekwa Ustyug Omkhulu. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala kule ndawo kungatholakala zemihla ngemihla nelesi-8. Lesikhatsi lesi okuphawulekayo ukuthi kulapho amayunithi kusengaphambili we Rostov-Suzdal ubukhulu owalubhada izwe elalingelemizi izizwe Finno-Ugric. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, dolobhana zakhula abuye atfutfukiswe njalo. Insimu yedolobha lanamuhla ibanga amakhilomitha amaningana ngebhange kwesokunxele Sukhona. Lapha e ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni wakwazi ukugcina emathempelini emangalisayo zezindela, izindlu abathengisi esiphawulekayo ekhulwini le-19. Labo wanquma ukuvakashela kulesi Ustyug Omkhulu, ezikhangayo anqobe ubunjalo kanye nenkazimulo yawo. Isici esiyinhloko edolobheni Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi azikho izakhiwo lokhuni. ukwakhiwa Brick waqala lapha emva umlilo omkhulu ngo-1772.

Yini ukubona, efika emzini Veliky Ustyug? Izithombe ezikhangayo le ndawo awakwazi ukuveza ngokugcwele ubuhle lezi zakhiwo, njengoba ezindaweni ezithakazelisayo -, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukwakhiwa kwethempeli. Isakhiwo emaphakathi ubhekwa Court Cathedral. indawo Okokuqala kulolu hlu kuthatha kweNyuka Cathedral, ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo obuhlehlela emuva ekhulwini le-13. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17 isakhiwo sokhuni salandelwa ngetshe. Esikhathini esifanayo isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi ingezwe. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa wawugcinwa esiqinile amafomu omkhulukazi. Uyabukeka emehlweni futhi ocebile umhlobiso ingaphakathi: eqoshwe zokuhlobisa, imidwebo esiyingqayizivele, umsebenzi stucco. Inani oyinhloko Cathedral yilona iconostasis eqoshiwe nemihlobiso. Etholakala eduze lombhishobhi Procopius le Zilungile. umhlobiso Its ezibaziweyo iconostasis eyayibhalwe.

Sibheka eduze izakhiwo zenkolo kwedolobha Veliky Ustyug, ezikhangayo kungaqedwa esakhiweni ezifana Sergei ka Radonezh. ukwakhiwa kwalo kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezimbili. Ekuqaleni, isonto aphansi (1739-1750 GG.) Ingabe bazakha. Lesi sakhiwo linwetshelwe ubude futhi ufana umkhumbi. Ngo-1769 yayakhiwe esitezi sesibili. Ingasaphathwa-zintathu-Gleden Monastery, ezinde okusezingeni eliphezulu entabeni endaweni lapho River eNingizimu futhi Sukhona uhlangane. Abathandwayo futhi Dmitry ngeke Salunskogo ethempelini, elakhiwa ngo-1708. Ukuhlela ukwakheka asekelwe isiko ngekhulu le-17. Ithempeli has a belfry nebandla emihlanu oluyingungu.

Kodwa akugcini lapho kwakhiwa ithempeli, okuyinto idume le Ustyug Omkhulu. Izikhangibavakashi kungaqedwa e isakhiwo esinjalo, njengoba iSonto bakaSimon Stolpnyaka, wakha phakathi nawo ngekhulu le-18. Kuyinto kuphela isakhiwo esinjalo kuleli dolobha, lapho izakhiwo izici baraque zilandelwa esemancane eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Beautiful isakhiwo nesonto Stefana Velikopermskogo. Lokhu ukwakhiwa uvele uxhumano nomyalo okukhipha, lapho yokungcwaba phakathi komuzi akuvumelekile. Emathuneni elisha, elabizwa elise ngezansi emzaneni, futhi lakhiwa esontweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ithempeli eyenziwa kanye nokwakhiwa umbhoshongo insimbi. Ukuze anezele ohlwini Mihaila Arhangelskogo Cathedral. Ayikho ngaphansi omangalisayo kuyinto iSonto Mid-lwePentekoste, okuyinto wakwazi ukugcina decor ku isitayela Baroque. isakhiwo abahlukile somuzi iSonto kweNyuka, ogama amafasitela ahlotshiswe tile ezinemibala.

Okubonwayo Ustyug Omkhulu zihlanganisa ohlwini yayo esikhumbuzo eziningi eziqoshiwe, kuhlanganise Isikhumbuzo ustyuzhanam Kushone Veli. Ayikho ezithakazelisayo kancane ubhekwa isikhumbuzo Semenu Dezhnevu futhi ustyuzhanam-amaphayona. Yokudumisa umuzi odume lamaKhomanisi efakwe isikhumbuzo Kirov. Yokudumisa uphawu komuzi - Aquarius - ukukhwezwa ebaziwe of the gama elifanayo. Ungakhohlwa lapha mayelana ababethweswa iziqu eziningi abalahlekelwa ukuphila kwabo phakathi nempi. Ngo udumo lwabo, isikhumbuzo.

Eqhubeka uhlole Elikhulu Ustyug ezikhangayo kungenziwa kulekelelwa izindlu eziyingqayizivele abathengisi ocebile. Neziphawulekayo ikhaya Oleneva futhi umthengisi Dobretsova, eyakhiwa ngekhulu le-18. isakhiwo abathandwayo siyindlu ka umthengisi Kostrova. Phakathi kwezinye izindawo ezithakazelisayo kuleli dolobha kungenziwa distillery kuqashelwe, eyakhiwa ngekhulu le-19. Sakhiwo okuyisisekelo okwazalelwa kuyo Santa Claus nombhoshongo walo.