Ungaya kanjani ku-BIOS? Indlela yokulungisa i-BIOS: amathiphu

Umsebenzisi we-PC ovamile akasebenzi neze ukuhlehlisa kahle idivayisi usebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi se-BIOS. Noma kunjalo, kuyasiza kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi lokhu kuyini.

Abanikazi abaningi kakhulu bama-PCs wanamuhla, naphezu "kokukhuthazwa" namadivayisi aphezulu asebenzayo, basesithakazelo emigomeni yomsebenzi wabo. Bafuna ukufunda ukuphuma nokulungisa lezi zinto noma ezinye izingxenye ze-hardware ne-software ku-BIOS.

I-BIOS: kuyini?

I-BIOS (ungabhala ngesiRashiya: i-BIOS) yisifinyezo. Kusho uhlelo oluyisisekelo lokuphuma ngaphakathi, okungukuthi, yisistimu eyisisekelo elawula i-O / O. Ibeka ama-algorithm abalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezingxenye ze-hardware ze-PC, kanye nezilungiselelo eziyisisekelo eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo.

I-BIOS efakwe, njengombuso, emandleni omkhiqizi we-motherboard. Ochwepheshe be-IT abaphakeme banamakhono okufaka uhlelo lwe-I / O ekhaya. Ku-arsenal yabo kungaba khona i- firmware yokukhanyisa ngisho nokuphinda ikhiqize i-BIOS. Abamane nje abadingi umsebenzisi olula. Kodwa, mhlawumbe, umsebenzisi olula wanamuhla uzofuna ukuba yinto ehamba phambili ngelinye ilanga? Ingabe kukhishwe ukuthi isimiso se-BIOS sizomthanda kakhulu kangangokuthi uzofuna ukufunda ukuthi angayifaka kanjani eyedwa? Cishe akunjalo. Ngakho-ke, siyaqhubeka nokucindezela kwethu ekusebenziseni uhlelo lokuphuma-okuphumayo.

I-BIOS ikhona cishe ngokuzimela kwe-hardware ne-software efakwe kwi-PC. I-algorithms ye-input input-output system inqunywe ku-chip encane, eyakhelwe ku-motherboard. Le ngxenye ifakwe enye imodemu eyenzelwe isitoreji sedatha. Ibizwa nge-CMOS futhi iphinde imelele i-microcircuit. Okusho ukuthi, umsebenzisi angenza izinguquko kuma-algorithms we-BIOS, futhi azokhunjulwa yisistimu. Ukugcinwa kwe-microcircuit kwenziwa ngosizo lomthombo omncane wamandla ("amabhethri"), okungukuthi, ukuzimela kusuka ekunikezeni amandla kwe-PC.

"Ibhethri" yeBIOS isebenza isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukuphila okujwayelekile kwe-BIOS kungu-5-6 iminyaka. Ngokushesha lapho lesi sakhi sihluleka, iphutha le-CMOS-checksum livela kwikhompyutha. Ukulayisha okuqhubekayo kwe-PC, njengomthetho, kungenzeka, kepha izilungiselelo ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuhle kwekhompyutha kanye nesistimu yokusebenza ngeke zilungiswe. Okusho ukuthi, i-PC izosebenza, kodwa, cishe, kancane futhi "i-Hangout".

Azikho izinkinga zokufaka esikhundleni "ibhetri" ye-BIOS, cha. Kuyabizi futhi kuyathengiswa ezindaweni eziningi zekhompyutha. Inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni sendawo ingenziwa ekhaya. Futhi uma usamethemba inkosi, cishe cishe uzothatha kancane umsebenzi wakhe, njengoba "ibhethri" ishintsha kalula, ngokoqobo ngomzuzu.

Izinhlobo ze-BIOS

Njengomthetho, abakhiqizi be-PC babhala amamojula wokulawula we-BIOS hhayi ngokuzimela, kodwa uthenge ama-algorithms esofthiwe okwenziwe ngomumo. Izinkampani ezinkulu ze-IT ezinikezela lezi zixazululo emakethe yi-AWARD, AMI, ne-Phoenix. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu eziyisisekelo phakathi kwezinguqulo ezahlukene ze-BIOS. Njengomthetho, zihlanganisa ukuklama kwesikhombimsebenzisi se-software yesistimu neminye yemisebenzi yayo. Izinguqulo ezahlukene ze-BIOS zinezici ezifanayo ngokulawula izingxenye zehadiwe ze-PC nokuzilungisa kahle.

Ungangena kanjani esibonakalayo se-BIOS?

Sidlula emfundweni ukuze sizenze. Abasebenzisi abaningi kakhulu abazi nje ukuthi bangaya kanjani ku-BIOS. Nakuba kuyi-inory, umbono omuhle wokusebenza kwesistimu yokufaka-okuphumayo.

Abasebenzisi be-PC bangafunda kanjani izilungiselelo ze-BIOS, futhi benze izinguquko kubo? Kulula kakhulu. Udinga ukufaka isikhombimsebenzisi sesistimu. I-algorithm yokufakwayo inquma, njengomthetho, umenzi we-PC noma i-motherboard.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukungena esibonakalayo se-BIOS, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvula ikhompyutha, cindezela ukhiye we-DELETE.

Ukuhlukahluka kungenzeka lapho i-F2, i-Esc, noma inhlanganisela yamakhi (njengokuthi, ngokucindezela i-CTRL, ALT ne-INS ngesikhathi esifanayo) yenza umsebenzi ofanayo.

Cishe zonke izimo, i-prompt ivela esikrinini - yikuphi okudingayo ukuze ucindezele ukungena kwi-BIOS. Ngokujwayelekile ngesiNgisi (isibonelo, cindezela i-INS ukufaka i-BIOS). Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo, amacebo avela isikhathi esincane kakhulu, ngokoqobo okwesibili noma ezimbili. Kwezinye izimo, igama elithi BIOS kumbhalo wesikrini lishintshwa ngegama elithi SETUP.

Indlela yokufaka i-BIOS ye-web interface, sibheke. Kodwa yikuphi ukubaluleka okubalulekile kwezenzo ezinjalo? Ungangena kanjani ku-BIOS ukuze ukwandise i-PC?

Iziphi izilungiselelo engingayishintsha ku-BIOS?

Izinga lokuthinteka ekushintsheni kwezilungiselelo zekhompiyutha kunqunywa umenzi. Kwenzeka ukuthi lo mkhiqizo uvula okungenani izilungiselelo ze-BIOS. Noma, ngokuphambene nalokho - ivumela ukusebenzisa i-interface yesistimu ukwenza izinhlobonhlobo zezinguquko ekuqalisweni kwezingxenye ze-hardware nezinhlelo ze-PC.

Ngokuvamile i-BIOS iyadingeka ukuxazulula le misebenzi elandelayo.

1. Setha ukuqala kwe-PC kusuka kumidiya ahlukahlukene. Ikhompiyutha iseduze njalo ilayisha uhlelo lokusebenza kusukela ku-hard drive. Ngalokho, ngokuzenzakalelayo i-BIOS ihlelwe ukuqala i-PC kusuka ku-hard drive. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, umsebenzisi angadinga ukuqala ikhompyutha hhayi kwidrayivu eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa, tshela, kusuka kuDVD. Noma, isibonelo, nge-flash drive. Khona-ke ungasetha ipharamitha elandelayo, ungene esibonakalayo se-BIOS: ukuvula ngokuvela kwi-DVD yediski. Ngokwenzayo, lo msebenzi uvame ukusetshenziselwa uma ikhompyutha igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, futhi ayikwazi ukulandwa kusuka ku-hard drive. Enye indlela ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza oluhlukile ku-Windows (isibonelo, Unix) kusuka ku-boot disk.
2. Ukuxazulula izinkinga ngezingxenye ze-hardware ze-PC. Kwezinye izimo, i-hardware efakwe kukhompyutha iqala ukungasebenzi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungenxa yezilungiselelo ze-BIOS ezingenasiphelo. I-IT-specialist noma umsebenzisi, okwenza ngokuvumelana nencwadi, angasebenzisa i-interface ye-BIOS, abeke imingcele edingekayo.
3. Setha iphasiwedi ukuvula i-PC. Lesi esinye sezici ezidume kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa, umsebenzisi angavikela ukufaka kukhompyutha yakhe ngephasiwedi. Hack kunzima kakhulu. Ukuthembeka kokuvikelwa kuphezulu kakhulu: ngaphandle kokufaka iphasiwedi elungile, qalisa i-OS noma okungenani uthole ukufinyelela kuma-disks wekhompyutha akusebenzi.

Ingabe i-BIOS iyafana ne-PC ne-laptop?

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, kunezinguqulo ezintathu ezivamile kakhulu ze-BIOS emhlabeni. Naphezu kwamamodeli ahlukahlukene kanye nokubukeka kwekhompiyutha yamakhompyutha, ngamunye wabo, ngandlela-thile, kungaba enye yezinguquko ezintathu ezenzekayo ze-BIOS. Ngakho-ke, uma sithenga i-PC, futhi esitolo esiseduze i-laptop, khona-ke ngezinga eliphakeme lamathuba azobe efakwe inguqulo efanayo ye-BIOS. Ukulandelana kwezinyathelo zomsebenzisi, okuvumela ukungena ku-BIOS kuthebhulethi, kuzofana nokusebenza kuma-PC ahleliwe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ochwepheshe abaningi be-IT baqaphele ukuthi okwakhiwe nge-BIOS-interfaces kuma-laptops, njengombuso, izilungiselelo ezimbalwa zivulekile kunezinhlelo ezifanayo ezihlelwe kuma microcircuits ku-PC. Nakuba, ngokusho kochwepheshe, konke kunqunywa inqubomgomo yomenzi othile.

Sisebenza ne-BIOS: sebenzisa

Abasebenzisi abaningi bakhathazekile ngombuzo: indlela yokulungisa i-BIOS, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imingcele ebalulekile yesistimu? Ungayithola kanjani indawo efanele yesikhombimsebenzisi sesistimu? Manje sizozama ukuphendula le mibuzo.

Kulula ukufunda ku-interface ye-BIOS. Cabanga ngezici eziyisisekelo zesistimu usebenzisa isibonelo sokusebenza nge-Award BIOS kwikhompyutha yedeskithophu.

Ngakho-ke, ukuvula i-PC nokucindezela ukhiye we-DEL (noma ezinye ezihlelwe umenzi wekhompyutha), singena esibonakalayo se-BIOS. Ukungena kanjani ku-BIOS, saqonda. Okulandelayo, sizobuka ukulawulwa kwezilawuli zesikhombimsebenzisi se-I / O.

Ngaphambi kwamehlo ethu, isikrini se-BIOS izilungiselelo sizovuleka. Ukukhetha okulungile kulula: usebenzisa imicibisholo ekhibhodi (njengomthetho, ungasebenzisa zonke ezine). Ukuze uvule inketho, cindezela u-ENTER.

Uma kwenzeka umsebenzisi enza izinguquko ezenzweni lapho engakuqondi khona, ungakwazi ukukhansela zonke izenzo ngokucindezela i-F9 (isebenza ezindaweni eziningi).

Ukuze, futhi, ukuze ulondoloze izinguquko ezenzelwe izilungiselelo, udinga ukucindezela u-F10 (bese u-ENTER ukuqinisekisa isenzo).

Manje ake sibone ukuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani imisebenzi kusuka kulabo esishilo ngenhla njengabadume kakhulu. Indlela yokusetha i-BIOS ngokugxila ekubalulekeni okubalulekile kwezenzo?

Ukuze ucacise umthombo lapho ikhompyutha izoqala khona, kufanele sikhethe i-BOOT yokukhetha ku-interface ye-BIOS. Uma sikhetha, ikholomu izovela esibukweni, lapho izithwali ezihlukahlukene zedatha zizoboniswa kusuka phezulu kuya phansi: i-hard disk (i-HDD), i-DVD, i-Flash, njll. Ikhompiyutha iqala ukulanda kusuka kwento ekhonjiswa phezulu.

Okuzenzakalelayo yi-HDD. Uma sifuna ukulanda kuvela ku-DVD, bese usebenzisa izinkinozo ezisizayo (njengombuso, "+", ngokuvamile ungaphasi ikhasi), thumela igama labezindaba emgqeni ophezulu.

Ukusetha iphasiwedi ye-boot ye-PC, khetha okukhethwa kukho Ukusetha Iphasiwedi Yokwengamela.

Sabeka iphasiwedi (mhlawumbe ngesiNgisi, irejista ayinandaba) futhi siyayiqinisekisa.

Ngemva kokuqeda ukusebenza nge-interface ye-BIOS, singabhala phansi zonke izinguquko ezenziwe ngekhi ye-F10, noma ukukhansela ngokucindezela i-F9. Izinguquko zokugcina eziphumayo nokulahla izinketho zenguquko zenza umsebenzi ofanayo, ngokulandelana.

Kulula ukusebenza ne-BIOS. Kodwa kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ukuthi ungaya kanjani ku-BIOS nokuthi yiziphi izinqamuleli zekhibhodi ezishintshayo nokugcina izilungiselelo. Into esemqoka akukona ukweqa ukuhlolwa kokwenza ushintsho kwimingcele ebalulekile yekhompiyutha.

"Impumelelo" BIOS: UEFI

I-BIOS isetshenziselwa amakhompyutha wezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Ibuyiselwa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Phakathi kwalokho, ngokusho kochwepheshe, banethuba elikhulu lokuphumelela - uhlelo lwe-UEFI.

Enye yezinkampani eziphezulu kakhulu ezisezingeni eliphezulu kuyi-ASUS. Emabhokisini womama akhiqizwa ngalolu hlobo, i-BIOS ejwayelekile ishintshwa yisixhumanisi esibonakalayo esisha. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi amathuba ezisepulatifomu, okuye kwaba yinto ehlukile ku-BIOS, ASUS. Ukusetha i-PC - kunzima kangakanani ku-UEFI? Noma, ngokuphambene, kulula? Ingabe kunzima ukugijima u-UEFI kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokuphuma ku-BIOS?

Izici ze-UEFI

Ukusebenza okuyisisekelo ohlelweni lokuphathwa kwe-PC olusha alufani neze nalokho iBIOS inakho. Abathuthukisi abasemqoka bakwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa isikhombikubona, ukuze ngisho nabaqalayo bakwazi ukuqonda kalula izinkinga zokubeka ama-algorithms.

Ngokuyinhloko, ku-UEFI isikhombimsebenzisi se- ASUS motherboards kunezindlela, emva kwalokho ongasheshe ukwandise ukusebenza kwe-PC yakho. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi: Power Saving, Normal and Optimal.

Ku-interface ye-UEFI ye-ASUS, kukhona ithebhu ebizwa nge-Ai Tweaker. Kulo, umsebenzisi angathola inombolo enkulu yezinketho, evumela kahle kakhulu ukuhlanganisa izingxenye zehadiwe zekhompyutha. Ngokuyinhloko, ungabeka ama-frequencies weprosesa, ushintshe amazinga omthamo, njll.

Isigaba Sokulawulwa Kwamandla siphinde sithandeke, lapho kungenzeka khona ukulungisa imingcele yokugcina amandla ye-PC.

Ngakho-ke, isibonelo senkampani esebenzisa ngokuthe xaxa ukusetshenziswa kwe-BIOS yi-ASUS. Ukusungula isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqala se-UEFI akuyona into eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunayo ye-BIOS (futhi, njengoba kuhlonishwa yinani lezazi, kulula nakakhulu). Izinga lemakethe elizobe lamukeleke ohlelweni olusha lokuphatha izingxenye ze-PC cishe lizoqondwa ngumphakathi we-IT eminyakeni ezayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukuphela okuqinile okwenziwe ukuyeka ukusebenzisa i-BIOS-ASUS yendabuko. Ngokuqinisekile, phakathi kwabakhiqizi bekhompyutha yobuchwepheshe, kunezinye izinto ezizama ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje emsebenzini wabo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungenzeka ukuthi inkampani enjengokuthi, isibonelo, i-HP BIOS, izokhetha ukuyibona njengesikhulumi esihamba phambili sokuphatha izingxenye zekhompyutha namadivaysi wekhompyutha.

Izincomo zokusebenza ne-BIOS

Ngenxa yokuthi i-BIOS iyi-system evumela ukuthi ulawule ikhompyutha yakho kuzilungiselelo ezisezingeni eliphansi, ochwepheshe be-IT abanconyisanga abasha ukuthi benze izinguquko ezibalulekile kwimigomo ye-BIOS efanele. Kukhona amacala lapho abasebenzisi bengabonakali khona amanani kuzilungiselelo ze-PC ezingazange zihambisane ngokuphelele namakhono we-hardware wedivayisi. Ochwepheshe abacecisiwe ukuba bahlole ama-frequencies, amazinga we-voltage neminye imingcele ethinta ukusebenza kwe-hardware.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemisebenzi okuyiyona enengqondo ukuvula isikhombimsebenzisi se-BIOS, sibhale. Ngokuvamile kakhulu kunesimo (ekhaya usebenzisa i-PC), uma kunesidingo sokuhamba ngaphezu kwemilayezo engenhla. Futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuphendukela kumakhosi abanobuchwepheshe obanele nolwazi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungenzeka futhi kudingekile ukutadisha izixhumanisi ze-BIOS ngenhloso yolwazi. Njengoba uvule ukulungiselelwa okuhlukile, umsebenzisi angakwazi, ngokuvula iminingwane eningiliziwe, ufunde ukuthi impendulo iyini, okwandisa izinga lakhe lolwazi mayelana nemigomo ye-PC ukusebenza.